Toner composition with elastomeric thermoplastic polymer and process of preparing

• US 5,298,356 A
• Filed: 11/13/1992
• Issued: 03/29/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 11/13/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Eastman Kodak Company
• Original Assignee: Eastman Kodak Company
• Inventors: Tyagi, Dinesh, DiPrima, Donna A.
• Primary Examiner(s): MARTIN, ROLAND E
• Application Number:
  US07/975,745
• Time in Patent Office: 501 Days
• Field of Search: 430/110, 430/137
• US Class Current: 430/109.3
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/0804 whereby the components are brought together in a liquid dispersing medium
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/0812 Pretreatment of components
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/0825 characterised by their structure; characterised by non-homogenuous distribution of components microcapsular toners G03G9/093
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 9/08737 Polymers derived from conjugated dienes

Abstract

A method is described for the preparation of electrostatographic toner particles which involves the surface treatment of a pigment by depositing thereon a coating of an elastomeric thermoplastic polymer. The method involves preparing a polymer solution by dissolving an elastomeric thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of linear styrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymers, linear styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene triblock copolymers, linear styrene-isoprene diblock copolymers and linear styrene-ethylene-propylene diblock copolymers in a first solvent capable of dissolving the polymer at ambient temperature; forming a pigment dispersion by mixing at ambient temperature a pigment, a first polymer material and a second solvent in which the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer is insoluble at ambient temperature; admixing the polymer solution with the pigment dispersion so resulting in the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer precipitating out upon the surface of the pigment; mixing the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer coated pigment dispersion thus formed with a solvent in which the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer is insoluble at ambient temperature and, optionally, a second polymer material and, optionally, a charge-control agent to form an organic phase; dispersing the organic phase in an aqueous phase comprising a particulate stabilizer and, optionally, a promoter; homogenizing the resultant mixture, and evaporating the solvent and washing and drying the resultant product.

Claims

1. A method for the preparation of electrostatographic toner comprising the steps of:

(a) dissolving at ambient temperature an elastomeric thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting linear styrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymers, linear styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene triblock copolymers, linear styrene-isoprene diblock copolymers and linear styrene-ethylene-propylene diblock copolymers in a first solvent capable of dissolving the polymer at ambient temperature, thereby forming a polymer solution;

(b) forming a pigment dispersion at ambient temperature by mixing a pigment, a first polymer material and a second solvent in which the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer is insoluble at ambient temperature;

(c) admixing the resultant polymer solution at ambient temperature with the pigment dispersion so resulting in the precipitation of the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer upon the surface of the pigment;

(d) mixing the polymer coated pigment dispersion thus formed at ambient temperature with a solvent in which the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer is insoluble at ambient temperature and, optionally, a second polymer material and, optionally, a charge-control agent to form an organic phase;

(e) dispersing the organic phase in an aqueous phase comprising a particulate stabilizer and, optionally, a promoter and homogenizing the resultant mixture; and

(f) evaporating the solvent and washing and drying the resultant product.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pigment employed comprises from about 4 to 20%, by weight, of total solids including elastomeric thermoplastic polymer.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer is linear styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer and is employed in an amount ranging from about 20 to 200%, by weight, of the pigment employed.

4. The method of claim 1, Wherein the relationship between the aqueous phase and the organic phase, by volume, ranges from about 1.5:

1 to 9;

1.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer is linear styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer and the ratio of styrene to rubber is 29/71, the first solvent is dichloromethane, the second solvent is ethyl acetate and the polymer is butyl acrylate-styrene copolymer.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer is linear styrene-isoprene-styrene copolymer and the ratio of styrene to rubber is 30/70, the first solvent is dichloromethane, the second solvent is ethyl acetate and the polymer is butyl acrylate-styrene copolymer.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the particulate stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of highly crosslinked latex particles and SiP₂.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the dispersion comprises media milled quinacridone magenta.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer is butyl acrylate-styrene copolymer.

17. Electrostatographic toner prepared in accordance with the method of claim 1.

10. In a method of preparing electrostatographic toner by dispersing an organic phase in an aqueous phase to yield a layer of particulate suspension stabilizer on the surface of a polymer, the improvement which comprises forming an elastomeric thermoplastic polymer coated pigment dispersion by dissolving an elastomeric thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of linear styrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymers, linear styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene triblock copolymers, linear styrene-isoprene diblock copolymers and linear styrene-ethylene-propylene diblock copolymers in a first solvent capable of dissolving the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer at ambient temperature thereby forming a polymer solution;

forming a pigment dispersion by mixing at ambient temperature a pigment, a first polymer material and a second solvent in which the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer is insoluble at ambient temperature;

admixing the polymer solution with the pigment dispersion so resulting in the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer precipitating out upon the surface of the pigment;

mixing the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer coated pigment dispersion thus formed with a solvent in which the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer is insoluble at ambient temperature and, optionally, a second polymer material and, optionally, a charge-control agent to form the organic phase for dispersing in the aqueous phase.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer is linear styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer and the ratio of styrene to rubber is 29/71, the first solvent is dichloromethane, the second solvent is ethyl acetate and the polymer is butyl acrylate-styrene copolymer.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer is linear styrene-isoprene-styrene copolymer and the ratio of styrene to rubber is 30/70, the first solvent is dichloromethane, the second solvent is ethyl acetate and the polymer is butyl acrylate-styrene copolymer.

13. The method of claim 10, wherein the pigment dispersion comprises quinacridone magenta.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the pigment to elastomeric thermoplastic polymer ratio in the pigment dispersion-polymer solution is about 2.5:

1.

18. Electrostatographic toner prepared in accordance with the method of claim 10.

15. A method of preparing a uniform coating of an elastomeric thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of linear styrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymers, linear styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene triblock copolymers, linear styrene-isoprene diblock copolymers and linear styrene-ethylene-propylene diblock copolymers on pigment particles comprising the steps of:

(a) forming a solution of the elastomeric thermoplastic polymer in a first solvent capable of dissolving the polymer at ambient temperature;

(b) mixing the polymer solution with a pigment particle dispersion in a dispersing liquid at ambient temperature to deposit the polymer on the pigment particles as a coating on the surface of the particles; and

(c) recovering the coated pigment particles.

16. A method according to claim 15 wherein the dispersing liquid is water.