Apparatus for discriminating an audio signal as an ordinary vocal sound or musical sound

• US 5,298,674 A
• Filed: 12/03/1991
• Issued: 03/29/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 04/12/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd.
• Inventors: Yun, Sang-Lak
• Primary Examiner(s): Shoop, Jr., William M.
• Assistant Examiner(s): DONELS, JEFFREY
• Application Number:
  US07/802,042
• Time in Patent Office: 847 Days
• Field of Search: 84/616, 84/618, 84/654, 84/656, 84/699, 84/DIG. 9, 381/46
• US Class Current: 84/616
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/046 for differentiation between music and non-music signals, based on the identification of musical parameters, e.g. based on tempo detection
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/066 for pitch analysis as part of wider processing for musical purposes, e.g. transcription, musical performance evaluation; Pitch recognition, e.g. in polyphonic sounds; Estimation or use of missing fundamental
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 2210/295 Spatial effects, musical uses of multiple audio channels, e.g. stereo
• CPC Class Codes: G10H 3/125 Extracting or recognising the pitch or fundamental frequency of the picked up signal
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 84/09 Filtering

Abstract

An apparatus for discriminating a received audio signal as vocal sound or musical sound includes a pre-processing circuit 100 for separating the audio signal into a vocal frequency band signal and a musical frequency band signal, an intermediate decision circuit having a plurality of decision units for producing a plurality of vocal and musical decision signals, each decision unit distinguishing whether vocal or musical frequency band signal includes properties of voice or music, and a final decision circuit 600 for systematically analyzing the vocal and musical decision signals to produce a final decision signal for discriminating the audio signal as the vocal or musical sound.

Claims

1. An apparatus for discriminating an audio signal as one of vocal sound and musical sound, said apparatus comprising:

pre-processing means for providing a vocal frequency band signal and a musical frequency band signal by separating said audio signal;

intermediate decision means, connected to said pre-processing means, for producing a plurality of decision signals respectively indicating whether the audio signal is one of said vocal sound and said musical sound, in response to detection of properties of said audio signal, said intermediate decision means comprising;

a first decision unit for producing a first decision signal by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when said audio signal is monophonic;

a second decision unit for producing a second decision signal by desciminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said musical frequency band signal is detected having a sound pressure higher than a predetermined sound pressure;

a third decision unit for producing a third decision signal by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when an envelope of said vocal frequency band signal is detected having an intermittence lower than a predetermined intermittence; and

a fourth decision unit for producing a fourth decision signal by discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said musical frequency band signal comprises a predetermined bandwidth; and

final decision means for producing a final decision signal indicating whether said audio signal is said one of said vocal sound and said musical sound by analyzing and comparing said first, second, third and fourth decision signals.

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pre-processing means comprises:

adder means for generating an added signal by adding a left channel signal and a right channel signal corresponding to said audio signal;

first detector means for detecting said vocal frequency band signal upon filtering the added signal within a predetermined bandwidth; and

second detector means for detecting a low musical frequency band component and a high musical frequency band component in dependence upon the added signal, and generating said musical frequency band signal by mixing the low musical frequency band component and the high musical frequency band component.

3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, further comprising audio/video modifier means for boosting high and low frequency bands of the audio signal when said final decision signal indicates said musical sound.

4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said audio signal is an analog signal.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first decision unit of said intermediate decision means produces said first decision signal by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when said audio signal is monophonic, and discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said audio signal is polyphonic.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second decision unit of said intermediate decision means produces said second decision signal by discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said musical frequency band signal comprising a low frequency musical component and a high frequency musical component is detected having a sound pressure higher than a predetermined sound pressure, and discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when said musical frequency band signal comprising the low frequency musical component and the high frequency musical component is detected having the sound pressure not higher than the predetermined sound pressure.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said third decision unit of said intermediate decision means produces said third decision signal by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when an envelope of said vocal frequency band signal is detected having an intermittence lower than a predetermined intermittence, and discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when the envelope of said vocal frequency band signal is detected having said intermittence not lower than the predetermined intermittence.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fourth decision unit of said intermediate decision means produces said fourth decision signal by discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said musical frequency band signal is detected having a predetermined bandwidth, and discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when said musical frequency band signal is detected not having said predetermined bandwidth.

5. An apparatus for discriminating an audio signal as one of vocal sound and musical sound, said apparatus comprising:

pre-processing means for generating a vocal frequency band signal and a musical frequency band signal by separating said audio signal;

first decision means for producing a first decision signal discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when said audio signal is monophonic;

second decision means for producing a second decision signal discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said musical frequency band signal is detected having a musical frequency band comprising a low frequency band component and a high frequency band component, said musical sound of said musical frequency band having a sound pressure higher than a predetermined sound pressure;

third decision means for producing a third decision signal discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when an envelope of said vocal frequency band signal is detected having an indicator of non-continuity being lower than a predetermined parameter of non-continuity;

fourth decision means for producing a fourth decision signal discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said musical frequency band signal comprises a predetermined bandwidth; and

final decision means for producing a final decision signal discriminating said audio signal as said one of said vocal sound and said musical sound by analyzing and comparing said first, second, third and fourth decision signals.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, further comprising audio/video modifier means for reproducing said audio signal when said final decision signal is discriminated as said vocal sound, and for boosting the high and low frequency bands of the musical sound when said final decision signal is discriminated as said musical sound.

11. A method for discriminating an audio signal as one of vocal sound and musical sound, comprising the steps of:

generating a vocal frequency band signal and a musical frequency band signal by separating said audio signal;

producing a plurality of decision signals by detecting a corresponding plurality of predefined properties of said audio signal, each of said plurality of predefined properties corresponding to one of said vocal sound and said musical sound; and

producing a final decision signal indicating whether said audio signal is said one of said vocal sound and said musical sound by analyzing and comparing said plurality of decision signals.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein said generating step comprises:

generating an added signal by adding a left channel signal and a right channel signal corresponding to said audio signal;

detecting said vocal frequency band signal in response to the added signal; and

detecting a low musical frequency band component, a high musical frequency band component and said musical frequency band signal comprising the low musical frequency band component and the high musical frequency band component, in response to the added signal.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein said step of producing said plurality of decision signals comprises:

producing a first decision signal of said plurality of decision signals by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when said audio signal is monophonic;

producing a second decision signal of said plurality of decision signals by discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said musical frequency band signal is detected having a sound pressure higher than a predetermined sound pressure;

producing a third decision signal of said plurality of decision signals by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when an envelope of said vocal frequency band signal is detected having an intermittence lower than a predetermined intermittence; and

producing a fourth decision signal of said plurality of decision signals by discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said musical frequency band signal is detected having a predetermined bandwidth.

14. The method of claim 11, further comprising the steps of:

reproducing said audio signal when said final decision signal is produced indicating said audio signal is vocal sound; and

boosting the musical frequency signal band comprising a high frequency band component and a low frequency band component, when said final decision signal is produced indicating said audio signal is musical sound.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein said step of producing said plurality of decision signals comprises:

producing a first decision signal of said plurality of decision signals by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when said audio signal is monophonic, and by discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said audio signal is polyphonic.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein said step of producing the plurality of decision signals comprises:

producing a first decision signal of said plurality of decision signals by discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said musical frequency band signal comprising a low frequency musical component and a high frequency musical component is detected having a sound pressure higher than a predetermined sound pressure, and by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when said musical frequency band signal comprising the low frequency musical component and the high frequency musical component is detected having the sound pressure not higher than the predetermined sound pressure.

17. The method of claim 11, wherein said step of producing said plurality of decision signals comprises:

producing a first decision signal of said plurality of decision signals by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when an envelope of said vocal frequency band signal is detected having an intermittence lower than a predetermined intermittence, and by discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when the envelope of said vocal frequency band signal is detected having said intermittence not lower than the predetermined intermittence.

18. The method of claim 11, wherein said step of producing said plurality of decision signals comprises:

producing a first decision signal of said plurality of decision signals by discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said musical frequency band signal is detected having a predetermined bandwidth, and by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when said musical frequency band signal is detected not having said predetermined bandwidth.

19. A detector for detecting a vocal sound and a musical sound of an audio signal, said detector comprising:

a frequency band separator separating said audio signal into a vocal component and a musical component by separating the audio signal into a vocal frequency band and a musical frequency band;

a processor, connected to said frequency band separator, comprising a plurality of decision circuits for producing a plurality of corresponding decision signals, each of said plurality of decision signals indicating that the audio signal is one of said vocal sound and said musical sound; and

a final decision circuit producing a final decision signal indicating whether said audio signal is said one of said vocal sound and said musical sound by analyzing and comparing said plurality of decision signals.

20. The detector of claim 19, wherein said plurality of decision circuits of said processor comprises:

a decision circuit for producing a first decision signal of said plurality of decision signals by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when said audio signal is monophonic, and discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said audio signal is polyphonic.

21. The detector of claim 19, wherein said plurality of decision circuits of said processor comprises:

a decision circuit for producing a first decision signal of said plurality of decision signal by discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said musical frequency band signal comprising a low frequency musical component and a high frequency musical component is detected having a sound pressure higher than a predetermined sound pressure, and discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when said musical frequency band signal comprising the low frequency musical component and the high frequency musical component is detected having the sound pressure not higher than the predetermined sound pressure.

22. The detector of claim 19, wherein said plurality of decision circuits of said processor comprises:

a decision circuit for producing a first decision signal of said plurality of decision signals by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when an envelope of said vocal frequency band signal is detected having an intermittence lower than a predetermined intermittence, and by discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when the envelope of said vocal frequency band signal is detected having said intermittence not lower than the predetermined intermittence.

23. The detector of claim 19, wherein said plurality of decision circuits of said processor comprises:

a decision circuit producing a first decision signal of said plurality of decision signals by discriminating said audio signal as said musical sound when said musical frequency band signal is detected having a predetermined bandwidth, and by discriminating said audio signal as said vocal sound when said musical frequency band signal is detected not having said predetermined bandwidth.

24. A signal processing apparatus for identifying an audio signal as one of a voice audio signal and a non-voice audio signal, comprising:

pre-processor means for processing said audio signal to generate first and second processed signals;

first detector means for generating a first detected signal by detecting whether said audio signal is one of stereophonic and monophonic signals;

second detector means, coupled to receive said first and second processed signals, for generating a second detected signal by detecting an intensity of high and low frequency components of said audio signal;

third detector means, coupled to receive a first one of said first and second processed signals, for generating a third detected signal by detecting whether the intensity of the high and low components of said audio signal is continuous or intermittent;

fourth detector means, coupled to receive a second one of said first and second processed signals, for generating a fourth detected signal by detecting peak frequency changes in a spectrum of said audio signal; and

decision means for generating a final decision signal identifying whether the input audio signal is one of said voice audio signal and said non-voice audio signal in dependence upon a determination of the majority of the first, second, third and fourth detected signal.

25. The signal processing apparatus as claimed in claim 24, further comprising audio/video modifier means for boosting high and low frequency bands of the input audio signal when said final decision signal represents said non-voice audio signal.

26. The signal processing apparatus as claimed in claim 24, wherein said pre-processor means comprises:

adder means for adding right and left channel components of said audio signal to produce an added signal;

voice detector means for filtering said added signal within a first predetermined bandwidth to detect said voice audio signal, said first predetermined bandwidth having a frequency band between 400 Hz and 1.6 MHz; and

non-voice detector means for filtering said added signal within a second predetermined bandwidth to detect said non-voice audio signal, said second predetermined bandwidth having a frequency band between 200 Hz to 3.2 MHz.

27. The signal processing apparatus as claimed in claim 24, wherein said first detector means comprises:

absolute value means for obtaining absolute values of right and left channel components of said audio signal and comparing the absolute values of the respective right and left channel components of said audio signal to produce a difference signal;

integrator means for integrating said difference signal to produce an integrated signal in dependence upon a rectified signal; and

hysteresis means for enabling detection of whether said integrated signal is one of said voice audio signal and said non-voice audio signal.

28. The signal processing apparatus as claimed in claim 24, wherein said second detector means comprises:

absolute value mans for obtaining absolute values of said first and second processed signals to produce first and second reference signals;

integrator means for integrating said first and second reference signals to produce an integrated signal in dependence upon a rectified signal; and

hysteresis means for enabling detection of whether said integrated signal is one of said voice audio signal and said non-voice audio signal.

29. The signal processing apparatus as claimed in claim 24, wherein said third detector means comprises:

absolute value means for obtaining an absolute value of said first one of said first and second processed signals to produce a reference signal;

differential amplifier means for amplifying a difference between said reference signal and a rectified signal to produce an amplified signal; and

variation detector means for enabling detection of whether said amplified signal is one of said voice audio signal and said non-voice audio signal by analyzing the envelope of said amplified signal.

30. The signal processing apparatus as claimed in claim 24, wherein said fourth detector means comprises:

switched capacitor filter mean for filtering high and low frequency components of said second one of said first and second processed signals in dependence upon an control frequency;

means for obtaining absolute values of the outputs of said switched capacitor filter and combining the absolute values to produce voltage signals proportional to the high and low frequency components;

integrator means for integrating said voltage signals to produce first and second integrated signals; and

means for producing a difference signal in dependence upon said first and second integrated signals and detecting peak frequency changes in the spectrum of said difference signal.