Electrochemical cell stack and method of making an electrochemical cell stack

• US 5,300,373 A
• Filed: 09/11/1992
• Issued: 04/05/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 09/11/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Valence Technology Incorporated (Lithium Werks B.V.)
• Original Assignee: Valence Technology Incorporated (Lithium Werks B.V.)
• Inventors: Shackle, Dale R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Willis, Jr., Prince
• Assistant Examiner(s): NUZZOLILLO, MARIA
• Application Number:
  US07/943,722
• Time in Patent Office: 571 Days
• Field of Search: 429/152, 429/154, 429/160
• US Class Current: 429/152
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0413 Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0436 Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0454 Cells or batteries with electrodes of only one polarity folded
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/531 Electrode connections inside a battery casing
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/181 with polymeric electrolytes
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

An electrochemical cell stack is made from a continuous laminate web including an electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a plurality of discrete opposite polarity electrode segments. The laminate is fan-folded into a stack such that substantially the entire surface area of the opposite polarity electrode segments are in contact with the electrolyte layer and in ion exchange with the electrode layer. Current can collected from the discrete opposite polarity electrode segments by opposite polarity electrode current collector strips that electrically connect the opposite polarity electrode segments. A method for making an electrochemical cell stack is also disclosed.

Claims

1. An electrochemical cell stack, comprising:

a continuous laminate web, the continuous laminate web having one continuous first polarity electrode layer, one continuous electrolyte layer, and a plurality of discrete second polarity electrode segments secured on top of the electrolyte layer in predetermined locations, the continuous laminate web being fan-folded at predetermined fold positions such that the second polarity electrode segments contact the electrolyte layer on top and bottom sides of each of the second polarity electrode segments, the fan-folded continuous laminate web forming a stack having first and second sides;

second polarity electrode current collector means for collecting second polarity electrode current; and

first polarity electrode current collector means for collecting first polarity electrode current.

2. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 1, wherein the web is fan-folded at the fold positions such that every other fold position on the first side of the stack extends past a preceding and a succeeding fold position on the first side of the stack a predetermined extended length.

3. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 2, wherein the second polarity electrode current collector means includes a first second polarity electrode current collector member attached to a first second polarity electrode segment at a first extended length, the first second polarity electrode current collector member being in electrical contact with a second second polarity electrode segment at a second extended length.

4. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 3, wherein the first second polarity electrode segment extends across the first extended length and the second second polarity electrode segment extends across the second extended length.

5. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 4, wherein a portion of the first second polarity electrode current collector member extends from the first side of the stack.

6. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 4, wherein the second polarity electrode current collector means includes a second second polarity electrode current collector member attached to a third second polarity electrode segment at a third extended length, the second second polarity electrode current collector member being in electrical contact with a fourth second polarity electrode segment at a fourth extended length, and the first second polarity electrode current collector member is in electrical contact with the second second polarity electrode current collector member at a point outside of the stack.

7. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 3, wherein the second polarity electrode current collector means includes a second second polarity electrode current collector member attached to a third second polarity electrode segment at a third extended length, the second second polarity electrode current collector member being in electrical contact with a fourth second polarity electrode segment at a fourth extended length, and the first second polarity electrode current collector member is in electrical contact with the second second polarity electrode current collector member at a point outside of the stack.

8. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 1, wherein a portion of the first polarity electrode current collector means contacts a portion of the first polarity electrode layer on the second side of the stack.

9. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 1, wherein the second polarity electrode current collector means includes a first second polarity electrode current collector member, and the first second polarity electrode current collector member contacts a first and a second second polarity electrode segment and extends across a first fold position such that a point on the first second polarity electrode current collector member extends beyond the first side of the stack.

10. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 9, wherein the second polarity electrode current collector means includes a second second polarity electrode current collector member, and the second second polarity electrode current collector member contacts a third and a fourth second polarity electrode segment and extends across a second fold position such that a point on the second second polarity electrode current collector member extends beyond the first side of the stack, and the first and the second second polarity electrode current collector member are in electrical contact.

11. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 1, wherein a first second polarity electrode segment extends across a first fold position and a portion of the first second polarity electrode segment extends past the first side of the stack, and the second polarity electrode current collector means is in electrical contact with the portion of the first second polarity electrode segment.

12. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 11, wherein a second second polarity electrode segment extends across a second fold position and a portion of the second second polarity electrode segment extends past the first side of the stack, and the second polarity electrode current collector means is in electrical contact with the portion of the second polarity electrode segment.

24. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 1, wherein the first polarity electrode is a cathode and the second polarity electrode segments are anodes.

25. The electrochemical cell stack of claim 1, wherein the first polarity electrode is an anode and the second polarity electrode segments are cathodes.

13. A laminate for forming an electrochemical cell stack, comprising:

one continuous first polarity electrode layer having a first and a second surface;

one continuous electrolyte layer having a first and a second surface, the first surface of the electrolyte layer being attached to the second surface of the first polarity electrode layer;

a plurality of discrete second polarity electrode segments each having a first and a second surface, the first surface of each second polarity electrode segment being secured on the second surface of the electrolyte layer;

the laminate being foldable at a plurality of predetermined fold positions such that at least a portion of the second surface of each second polarity electrode segment contacts a portion of the second surface of the electrolyte layer.

14. The laminate of claim 13, wherein the predetermined fold positions are defined by perforations.

15. The laminate of claim 13, wherein the predetermined fold positions are defined by scoring.

16. The laminate of claim 13, further comprising an second polarity electrode current collector means including a plurality of second polarity electrode current collector members, an second polarity electrode current collector member being attached to a first one of every set of two second polarity electrode segments and adapted to contact a second one of every set of two second polarity electrode segments when the laminate is folded at the plurality of fold positions.

17. The laminate of claim 16, wherein the plurality of second polarity electrode current collectors are adapted to be in electrical contact with one another when the laminate is folded at the plurality of fold positions.

18. The laminate of claim 13, further comprising an second polarity electrode current collector means, the second polarity electrode current collector means including a plurality of second polarity electrode current collector members attached to every one of the plurality of second polarity electrode segments, the plurality of second polarity electrode current collector members being adapted to be in electrical contact with one another when the laminate is folded at the plurality of fold positions.

26. The laminate of claim 13, wherein the first polarity electrode is a cathode and the second polarity electrode segments are anodes.

27. The laminate of claim 13, wherein the first polarity electrode is an anode and the second polarity electrode segments are cathodes.

19. A method of making an electrochemical cell stack, comprising the steps of:

coating a top surface of one continuous first polarity electrode layer with one continuous electrolyte layer;

securing a plurality of second polarity electrode segments on a top surface of the continuous electrolyte layer to form a laminate, the plurality of second polarity electrode segments being secured in predetermined locations on the laminate;

fan-folding the laminate at predetermined fold positions such that the second polarity electrode segments contact the electrolyte layer on first and second sides of the second polarity electrode segments, the fan-folding forming a stack having first and second sides; and

attaching second polarity electrode current collector means to the second polarity electrode segments in predetermined locations and first polarity electrode current collector means to the first polarity electrode layer.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the second polarity electrode segments are laminated across predetermined fold positions.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein the laminate is fan-folded at the fold positions such that every other fold position on the first side of the stack extends past a preceding and a succeeding fold position on the first side of the stack a predetermined extended length.

28. The method of claim 19, wherein the continuous first polarity electrode layer is cathodic and the second polarity electrode segments are anodic.

29. The method of claim 19, wherein the continuous first polarity electrode layer is anodic and the second polarity electrode segments are cathodic.

22. A method of making a laminate for making an electrochemical cell stack, comprising the steps of:

coating a top surface of one continuous first polarity electrode layer with one continuous electrolyte layer; and

securing a plurality of second polarity electrode segments on a top surface of the continuous electrolyte layer, the plurality of second polarity electrode segments being secured in predetermined locations.

23. The method of claim 22, comprising the further step of attaching second polarity electrode current collector means to the second polarity electrode segments in predetermined locations and first polarity electrode current collector means to the first polarity electrode layer.

30. The method of claim 22, wherein the continuous first polarity electrode layer is cathodic and the second polarity electrode segments are anodic.

31. The method of claim 22, wherein the continuous first polarity electrode layer is anodic and the second polarity electrode segments are cathodic.