Particulate, absorbent, polymeric compositions containing interparticle crosslinked aggregates

• US 5,300,565 A
• Filed: 04/02/1990
• Issued: 04/05/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 04/02/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
• Original Assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
• Inventors: Roe, Donald C., Berg, Charles J., Lahrman, Frank H.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bell, James J.
• Application Number:
  US07/503,506
• Time in Patent Office: 1,464 Days
• Field of Search: 525/54.2, 525/54.24, 525/54.26, 525/54.31
• US Class Current: 525/54.2
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 15/60 Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 428/913 Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24777 Edge feature
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24994 Fiber embedded in or on the surface of a polymeric matrix
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/25 Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/253 Cellulosic [e.g., wood, paper, cork, rayon, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/254 Polymeric or resinous material
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 442/673 Including particulate material other than fiber

Abstract

Particulate, absorbent, polymeric compositions comprising interparticle crosslinked aggregates. The interparticle crosslinked aggregates comprise precursor particles of substantially water-insoluble, absorbent, hydrogel-forming, polymer material; and an interparticle crosslinking agent reacted with the polymer material of the precursor particles to form crosslink bonds between the precursor particles. Sufficient interparticle crosslinked aggregates are formed when the mass average particle size of the resultant polymeric composition has been increased by at least about 25% over the mass average particle size of the precursor particles. The resultant polymeric composition provides improved structural integrity, an increased acquisition rate, and minimal gel blocking properties.

Claims

1. A particulate, absorbent, polymeric composition comprising interparticle crosslinked aggregates, said interparticle crosslinked aggregates comprising (i) precursor particles of substantially water-insoluble, absorbent, hydrogel-forming, polymer material, and (ii) an interparticle crosslinking agent reacted with said polymer material of said precursor particles to form covalent crosslink bonds between said precursor particles, said interparticle crosslinked aggregates being present in the polymeric composition in an amount such that the polymeric composition has a mass average particle size at least about 25% greater than the mass average particle size of said precursor particles.

2. The polymeric composition of claim 1 having a mass average particle size at least about 30% greater than the mass average particle size of said precursor particles.

3. The polymeric composition of claim 1 having a mass average particle size at least about 50% greater than the mass average particle size of said precursor particles.

4. The polymeric composition of claim 1 wherein at least said interparticle crosslinked aggregates are surface treated.

5. The polymeric composition of claim 4 wherein at least said interparticle crosslinked aggregates are surface crosslinked.

6. The polymeric composition of claim 1 wherein said polymer material of said precursor particles possesses a carboxyl group, and said interparticle crosslinking agent has at least two functional groups per molecule capable of reacting with said carboxyl group.

7. The polymeric composition of claim 1 wherein said interparticle crosslinking agent is mixed with water, an organic solvent, or mixtures thereof.

8. The polymeric composition of claim 1 comprising greater than about 50% by weight of the polymeric composition of said interparticle crosslinked aggregates.

9. A particulate, absorbent, polymeric composition comprising interparticle crosslinked aggregates, said interparticle crosslinked aggregates comprising (i) substantially dry precursor particles of substantially water-insoluble, absorbent, hydrogel-forming, polymer material;

said polymer material being selected from the group consisting of hydrolyzed starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer, partially neutralized starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymer, starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, partially neutralized starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, saponified vinyl acetate-acrylic ester copolymers, hydrolyzed acrylonitrile or acrylamide copolymers, slightly network crosslinked products of any of the foregoing copolymers, partially neutralized polyacrylic acid, or slightly network crosslinked products of partially neutralized polyacrylic acid; and

(ii) an interparticle crosslinking agent selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohol compounds, polyglycidyl ether compounds, polyfunctional aziridine compounds, polyfunctional amine compounds, or polyfunctional isocyanate compounds;

said interparticle crosslinking agent being reacted with said polymer material of said precursor particles to form crosslink bonds between said precursor particles;

said interparticle crosslinked aggregates being present in the polymeric composition in an amount such that the polymeric composition has a mass average particle size at least about 30% greater than the mass average particle size of said precursor particles.

10. The polymeric composition of claim 9 wherein said interparticle crosslinking agent is mixed with water, a hydrophilic organic solvent, or mixtures thereof.

11. The polymeric composition of claim 10 wherein from about 0.01 to about 30 parts by weight of said interparticle crosslinking agent per 100 parts by weight of said precursor particles is mixed with from about 0.01 to about 20 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of said precursor particles.

12. The polymeric composition of claim 10 wherein from about 0.01 to about 30 parts by weight of said interparticle crosslinking agent per 100 parts by weight of said precursor particles is mixed with from about 0.01 to about 60 parts by weight of a hydrophilic organic solvent per 100 parts by weight of said precursor particles.

13. The polymeric composition of claim 10 wherein from about 0.01 to about 30 parts by weight of said interparticle crosslinking agent per 100 parts by weight of said precursor particles is mixed with from about 0.01 to about 60 parts by weight of a mixture of water and a hydrophilic organic solvent per 100 parts by weight of said precursor particles.

14. The polymeric composition of claim 9 wherein at least said interparticle crosslinked aggregates are surface crosslinked.

15. The polymeric composition of claim 9, 10, 13, or 14 having a mass average particle size at least about 50% greater than the mass average particle size of said precursor particles.

16. The polymeric composition of claim 9 comprising greater than about 50% by weight of the polymeric composition of said interparticle crosslinked aggregates.

17. A particulate, absorbent, polymeric composition comprising interparticle crosslinked aggregates, said interparticle crosslinked aggregates comprising (i) substantially dry precursor particles of substantially water-insoluble, absorbent, hydrogel-forming, polymer material;

said polymer material consisting essentially of slightly network crosslinked products of partially neutralized polyacrylic acid; and

(ii) an interparticle crosslinking agent selected from the group consisting of glycerol;

trimethylol propane;

1,2-propanediol;

1,3-propanediol or ethylene glycol;

said interparticle crosslinking agent being reacted with said polymer material of said precursor particles to form crosslink bonds between said precursor particles;

said interparticle crosslinked aggregates being present in the polymeric composition in an amount such that the polymeric composition has a mass average particle size at least about 30% greater than %he mass average particle size of said precursor particles.

18. The polymeric composition of claim 17 wherein the mass average particle size of said precursor particles is less than about 600 microns.

19. The polymeric composition of claim 18 wherein said precursor particles are generally spherical in shape.

20. The polymeric composition of claim 18 wherein said precursor particles are generally irregular in shape.

21. The polymeric composition of claim 20 wherein said interparticle crosslinking agent is glycerol.

22. The polymeric composition of claim 21 wherein at least said interparticle crosslinked aggregates are surface crosslinked.

23. The polymeric composition of claim 22 having an Absorptive Capacity greater than about 20 grams of Synthetic Urine per gram of polymeric composition.

24. The polymeric composition of claim 23 having a Gel Expansion Pressure greater than about 20 kilodynes per square centimeter and a Swelling Rate greater than about 0.3 g/g/sec in Synthetic Urine, wherein the Gel Expansion Pressure and Swelling Rate are measured at a load of 28 grams of Synthetic Urine per gram of the polymeric composition.

25. The polymeric composition of claim 17 wherein said interparticle crosslinking agent is mixed with water, a hydrophilic organic solvent, or mixtures thereof.

26. The polymeric composition of claim 25 wherein from about 0.5 to about 10 parts by weight of said interparticle crosslinking agent per 100 parts by weight of said precursor particles is mixed with from about 1 to about 20 parts by weight of water, a hydrophilic organic solvent, or mixtures thereof per 100 parts by weight of said precursor particles.

27. The polymeric composition of claim 26 wherein said interparticle crosslinking agent is glycerol, and said hydrophilic organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, or mixtures thereof.

28. The polymeric composition of claim 27 wherein at least said interparticle crosslinked aggregates are surface crosslinked.

29. The polymeric composition of claim 17, 18, 21, 22, 27, or 28 having a mass average particle size at least about 50% greater than the mass average particle size of said precursor particles.