Multiple band antenna
First Claim
1. A multiple band antenna comprising:
- an electrically conductive plate serving as a ground plane;
a first planar electrically conductive radiator disposed parallel to said ground plane, and a first dielectric layer interposed between said first planar radiator and said ground plane;
an elongated electrically conductive rod radiator extending through a central portion of said planar radiator and oriented normally to said planar radiator;
means for insulating said rod radiator from said planar radiator;
a loop radiator encircling said planar radiator and being electrically insulated from said planar radiator;
a second planar electrically conductive radiator disposed parallel to said first planar radiator and being located on a side of said first planar radiator opposite said ground plane;
a second dielectric layer interposed between said second planar radiator and said first planar radiator;
a first transmission line extending through said ground plane and said first dielectric layer to couple with said first planar radiator for coupling a first electromagnetic signal from said first planar radiator upon reception of electromagnetic radiation by said antenna;
a second transmission line extending through said ground plane and said first dielectric layer and said first planar radiator and said second dielectric layer to couple with said second planar radiator for coupling a second electromagnetic signal from said second planar radiator, said second planar radiator being smaller than said first planar radiator, and said second electromagnetic signal having a smaller wavelength than said first electromagnetic signal;
wherein a diameter of said first planar radiator and of said loop radiator is less than or equal approximately to one-half of a wavelength of radiation to be received respectively by said first planar radiator and said loop radiator; and
said rod radiator has an electrical length greater than a cross-sectional dimension of said loop radiator for reception of radiation having a longer wavelength than radiation for said first planar radiator and for said loop radiator.
3 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
An antenna for reception of signals in a plurality of frequency bands employed in portable and vehicular communications is constructed of a dielectric layer disposed on a metallic plate which serves as a ground plane. Microstrip antenna elements in the form of a planar radiator encircled by a loop radiator are disposed upon the dielectric layer. A rod radiator oriented normally to the plate extends through the patch radiator and the dielectric layer, and is surrounded by a dielectric cylinder which insulates the rod radiator from the planar radiator and the plate. The planar radiator may be configured as a patch radiator, a spiral radiator, or a crossed dipole radiator. Also, one or more additional layers of patch radiator elements may stacked upon the patch radiator to provide a stacked microstrip radiator. Terminals are positioned about the planar radiator for extracting orthogonal components of a circularly polarized electromagnetic signal. All radiators are smaller than approximately one-half wavelength of the shortest wavelength signal to be received by the antenna. The antenna is useful for receiving vehicular signals such as telephony, keyless door lock operation, ground positioning satellite signals, as well as AM/FM radio.
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Citations
18 Claims
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1. A multiple band antenna comprising:
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an electrically conductive plate serving as a ground plane; a first planar electrically conductive radiator disposed parallel to said ground plane, and a first dielectric layer interposed between said first planar radiator and said ground plane; an elongated electrically conductive rod radiator extending through a central portion of said planar radiator and oriented normally to said planar radiator; means for insulating said rod radiator from said planar radiator; a loop radiator encircling said planar radiator and being electrically insulated from said planar radiator; a second planar electrically conductive radiator disposed parallel to said first planar radiator and being located on a side of said first planar radiator opposite said ground plane; a second dielectric layer interposed between said second planar radiator and said first planar radiator; a first transmission line extending through said ground plane and said first dielectric layer to couple with said first planar radiator for coupling a first electromagnetic signal from said first planar radiator upon reception of electromagnetic radiation by said antenna; a second transmission line extending through said ground plane and said first dielectric layer and said first planar radiator and said second dielectric layer to couple with said second planar radiator for coupling a second electromagnetic signal from said second planar radiator, said second planar radiator being smaller than said first planar radiator, and said second electromagnetic signal having a smaller wavelength than said first electromagnetic signal; wherein a diameter of said first planar radiator and of said loop radiator is less than or equal approximately to one-half of a wavelength of radiation to be received respectively by said first planar radiator and said loop radiator; and said rod radiator has an electrical length greater than a cross-sectional dimension of said loop radiator for reception of radiation having a longer wavelength than radiation for said first planar radiator and for said loop radiator. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A multiple band antenna comprising:
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an electrically conductive plate serving as a ground plane; a first planar electrically conductive radiator disposed parallel to said ground plane, and a first dielectric layer interposed between said first planar radiator and said ground plane; an elongated electrically conductive rod radiator extending through a central portion of said planar radiator and oriented normally to said planar radiator; means for insulating said rod radiator from said planar radiator; a loop radiator encircling said planar radiator and being electrically insulated from said planar radiator; a second planar electrically conductive radiator disposed parallel to said first planar radiator and being located on a side of said first planar radiator opposite said ground plane; a second dielectric layer interposed between said second planar radiator and said first planar radiator, said second planar radiator being smaller than said first planar radiator, and said second electromagnetic signal having a smaller wavelength than said first electromagnetic signal; wherein a diameter of said first planar radiator and of said loop radiator is less than or equal approximately to one-half of a wavelength of radiation to be received respectively by said first planar radiator and said loop radiator; and said rod radiator has an electrical length greater than a cross-sectional dimension of said loop radiator for reception of radiation having a longer wavelength than radiation for said first planar radiator and for said loop radiator.
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18. A multiple band antenna comprising:
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an electrically conductive plate serving as a ground plane; a first planar electrically conductive radiator disposed parallel to said ground plane; an elongated electrically conductive rod radiator extending through a central portion of said planar radiator and oriented normally to said planar radiator; means for insulating said rod radiator from said planar radiator; a loop radiator encircling said planar radiator and being electrically insulated from said planar radiator; a second planar electrically conductive radiator disposed parallel to said first planar radiator and being located on a side of said first planar radiator opposite said ground plane, said second planar radiator being spaced apart from said first planar radiator, said second planar radiator being smaller than said first planar radiator, and said second electromagnetic signal having a smaller wavelength than said first electromagnetic signal; wherein a diameter of said first planar radiator and of said loop radiator is less than or equal approximately to one-half of a wavelength of radiation to be received respectively by said first planar radiator and said loop radiator; and said rod radiator has an electrical length greater than a cross-sectional dimension of said loop radiator for reception of radiation having a longer wavelength than radiation for said first planar radiator and for said loop radiator.
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Specification