Engine operation to estimate and control exhaust catalytic converter temperature

• US 5,303,168 A
• Filed: 10/31/1991
• Issued: 04/12/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 10/31/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLC (Ford Motor Company)
• Original Assignee: Ford Motor Company
• Inventors: Kindree, James M., Cullen, Michael J., Wanat, Richard L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Black, Thomas G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): LOUIS JACQUES, JACQUES H
• Application Number:
  US07/785,719
• Time in Patent Office: 894 Days
• Field of Search: 364/557, 364/558, 364/431.05, 364/431.08, 364/431.07, 123/425, 123/436, 123/527, 123/478, 123/543, 123/430, 60/276, 60/277, 60/285
• US Class Current: 700/299
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/0072 Estimating, calculating or determining the EGR rate, amount or flow sensors in EGR systems F02M26/45
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/1446 the characteristics being exhaust temperatures
• CPC Class Codes: F02D 41/1447 with determination means using an estimation
• CPC Class Codes: F02P 5/1455 by using a second control of the closed loop type dependent on pinking F02P5/152
• CPC Class Codes: F02P 5/1506 with particular means during starting
• CPC Class Codes: F02P 5/1516 with means relating to exhaust gas recirculation, e.g. turbo
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/40 Engine management systems

Abstract

A method of operating an internal combustion engine wherein a predicted engine exhaust temperature is used as an input to a microprocessor controlling the engine. Exhaust temperature can be controlled by adjusting engine operation. Exhaust gas recirculation mass flow can be more accurately determined using the predicted engine exhaust temperature.

Claims

1. A method of operating an internal combustion engine wherein the method of operating the engine includes using a predicted exhaust gas temperature in conjunction with fuel scheduling for the engine and ignition timing for the engine and choosing a spark value so as to adjust an actual exhaust gas temperature and maintain the actual exhaust gas temperature within limits.

2. A method of operating an internal combustion engine as recited in claim 1 further comprising choosing an air/fuel ratio so as to adjust the exhaust gas temperature and maintain the exhaust gas temperature within limits.

3. A method of inferring engine exhaust gas temperature including:

providing inputs indicating air/fuel ratio, exhaust gas recirculation rate, spark timing, air charge intake, engine speed rpm;

providing stored look-up tables indicating air/fuel ratio versus a first constant, air/fuel ratio versus a second constant, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) versus a third constant, engine aircharge versus a fourth constant, engine rpm and engine aircharge versus MBT, engine rpm and engine discharge versus nominal exhaust temperature;

multiplying an output from the EGR rate sensor and an output of the engine aircharge versus the fourth constant table to produce a first product;

adding the output from the table of air/fuel ratio versus the second constant, the product, and an output of the rpm versus MBT table to produce a first sum;

finding a difference between the spark timing input and the first sum;

applying the difference to a table for spark delay versus constant;

multiplying an output of the spark delay table by the output of the EGR versus constant table and the rpm versus nominal exhaust temperature table to produce a second product;

multiplying the second product by an output of the air/fuel ratio versus constant to produce a third product of the exhaust temperature;

providing stored tables and memory for adjusting exhaust temperature as a function of air/fuel ratio, exhaust gas recirculation, spark delay and engine speed;

coupling an input indicating air/fuel ratio to information stored as a function of air/fuel ratio;

coupling an input indicating EGR rate to information stored as a function of EGR;

coupling an input indicating air charge to information stored as a function of air charge and engine speed;

coupling engine speed to information stored as a function of engine speed;

multiplying the output of information stored as a function of air charge and an input indicating exhaust gas recirculation and applying the output to a first adder;

applying the output of information stored as a function of air/fuel ratio and information stored as a function of engine speed to the first adder;

applying an input indicating spark timing to the negative input of a difference module and applying output of the first adder to the positive input of the difference module;

applying the output of the difference module to an exhaust temperature adjustment table stored as a function of spark retard;

applying the output of the exhaust temperature adjustment table to a second multiplier along with information stored as a function of exhaust gas recirculation, engine speed stored as a function of spark retard to provide an output indicative of exhaust temperature.

4. A method of inferring engine exhaust gas temperature including:

providing inputs indicating engine speed and engine aircharge;

providing look-up tables stored in memory including a first look-up table indicating an exhaust gas recirculation constant versus aircharge, a second look-up table indicating MBT spark versus engine speed, a third look-up table indicating nominal exhaust temperature (EXT) versus engine speed, and a fourth look-up table indicating a constant versus spark delay;

applying an input indicating aircharge to said first, second, and third tables;

applying an input indicating engine speed to said second and third tables;

applying outputs from said first and second tables to a first summer;

applying an output of said first summer as an input to said fourth table;

applying an output of said fourth table to a first multiplier;

applying an output of said third table to said first multiplier; and

using an output of said first multiplier as an indication of exhaust gas temperature.

5. A method of inferring engine exhaust gas temperature as recited in claim 4 further including:

providing an input indicating engine air/fuel ratio;

providing a stored look-up table including a fifth look-up table indicating a constant versus air/fuel ratio and a sixth look-up table indicating a third constant versus air/fuel ratio;

applying an input indicating air/fuel ratio to each of said fifth and sixth tables;

applying an output of said fifth table to a third multiplier;

applying an output of said first multiplier to said third multiplier;

applying an output of table six to said first summer as the positive input; and

using an output of said third multiplier as indication of exhaust gas temperature.

6. A method of inferring engine exhaust gas temperature as recited in claim 5 further including:

providing inputs indicating engine exhaust gas recirculation rate and spark timing;

applying an input indicating spark timing as a negative input to a second summer;

applying the output of said first summer as a positive input to said second summer;

applying the output of said second summer as an input to said fourth table;

providing a seventh stored look-up table indicating a first constant coefficient versus exhaust gas circulation rate;

applying an input indicating exhaust gas recirculation rate as an input to said seventh table;

applying the output of said seventh table as an input to said first multiplier;

applying an input indicating exhaust gas recirculation rate as an input to a second multiplier;

applying the output of said first table as an input to said second multiplier; and

applying the output of said second multiplier as a positive input to said first summer.

7. A method of of inferring engine exhaust gas temperature as recited in claim 4 further including:

providing inputs indicating engine exhaust gas recirculation rate and spark timing;

providing a seventh look-up table indicating a first constant versus engine exhaust gas recirculation rate;

applying an input indicating spark timing to a second summer as a negative input;

applying the output of said first summer as a positive input to said second summer;

applying an input indicating exhaust gas recirculation rate of an input to a second multiplier;

applying the output of said first table as an input to said second multiplier;

applying the output of said second multiplier as a positive input to said first summer;

applying an input indicating exhaust gas recirculation rate as an input to said seventh table;

applying the output of said seventh table as an input to said first multiplier; and

applying the output of said first multiplier as an indication of exhaust gas temperature.

8. A method of operating an internal combustion engine wherein the method of operating the engine includes using a predicted exhaust gas temperature in conjunction with determining an exhaust gas recirculation mass flow rate.

9. A method of operating an internal combustion engine using predicted exhaust gas temperature as recited in claim 8 wherein the exhaust gas recirculation mass flow rate (EM) is determined using:

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">EM=EGR-MASS-STP*SQRT[BP±

PEXH)3129.92]*SQRT [1460/(EGT-EGRORIF±

460)]

wherein 29.92 is the reference barametric pressure, 1460 degrees Rankin is the reference temperature of the exhaust gas at the metering orifice, and wherein;

EGR-MASS-STP--exhaust gas recirculation mass flow at a predetermined or standard temperature and pressure

BP--barometric pressure

PEXH--exhaust gas pressure

SQRT--square root function

EGT--exhaust gas temperature

EGRORIF--exhaust gas temperature at the metering orifice of the exhaust gas recirculation valve.

10. A method of operating an internal combustion engine using predicted exhaust gas temperature as recited in claim 9 wherein the exhaust temperature is predicted using:

providing inputs indicating air/fuel ratio, exhaust gas recirculation rate, spark timing, air charge intake, engine speed rpm;

providing stored look-up tables indicating air/fuel ratio versus a first constant, air/fuel ratio versus a second constant, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) versus a third constant, engine aircharge versus a fourth constant, engine rpm and engine aircharge versus MBT, engine rpm and engine discharge versus nominal exhaust temperature;

multiplying an output from the EGR rate sensor and an output of the engine aircharge versus the fourth constant table to produce a first product;

adding the output from the table of air/fuel ratio versus the second constant, the product, and an output of the rpm versus MBT table to produce a first sum;

finding a difference between the spark timing input and the first sum;

applying the difference to a table for spark delay versus constant;

multiplying an output of the spark delay table by the output of the EGR versus constant table and the rpm versus nominal exhaust temperature table to produce a second product;

multiplying the second product by an output of the air/fuel ratio versus constant to produce a third product of the exhaust temperature;

providing stored tables and memory for adjusting exhaust temperature as a function of air/fuel ratio, exhaust gas recirculation, spark delay and engine speed;

coupling an input indicating air/fuel ratio to information stored as a function of air/fuel ratio;

coupling an input indicating from EGR rate to information stored as a function of EGR;

coupling an input indicating air charge to information stored as a function of air charge and engine speed;

coupling engine speed to information stored as a function of engine speed;

multiplying the output of information stored as a function of air charge and an input indicating exhaust gas recirculation and applying the output to a first adder;

applying the output of information stored as a function of air/fuel ratio and information stored as a function of engine speed to the first adder;

applying an input indicating spark timing to the negative input of a difference module and applying output of the first adder to the positive input of the difference module;

applying the output of the difference module to an exhaust temperature adjustment table stored as a function of spark retard;

applying the output of the exhaust temperature adjustment table to a second multiplier along with information stored as a function of exhaust gas recirculation, engine speed stored as a function of spark retard to provide an output indicative of exhaust temperature.

11. A method of operating an internal combustion engine wherein the method of operating the engine includes:

using a predicted exhaust gas temperature in conjunction with determining an exhaust gas recirculation mass flow rate;

determining exhaust gas recirculation mass flow rate (EM) using;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">EM=EGR-MASS-STP*SQRT[BP % PEXH)-29.92]*SQRT [1460/(EGT-EGRORIF %

     460)]

wherein;

p2 EGR-MASS-STP--exhaust gas recirculation mass flow at a predetermined or standard temperature and pressure

BP--barometric pressure

PEXH--exhaust gas pressure

SQRT--square root function

EGT--exhaust gas temperature

EGRORIF--exhaust gas temperature at the metering orifice of the exhaust gas recirculation valve

29.92--barometric pressure

1460 DEG.Rankin--temperature of the exhaust gas at the metering orifice

1000 DEG.Fahrenheit--temperature of exhaust gas at the metering orifice

providing inputs indicating air/fuel ratio, exhaust gas recirculation rate, spark timing, air charge intake, engine speed rpm;

providing stored look-up tables indicating air/fuel ratio versus a first constant, air/fuel ratio versus a second constant, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) versus a third constant, engine aircharge versus a fourth constant, engine rpm and engine aircharge versus MBT, engine rpm and engine discharge versus nominal exhaust temperature;

multiplying an output from the EGR rate sensor and an output of the engine aircharge versus the fourth constant table to produce a first product;

adding the output from the table of air/fuel ratio versus the second constant, the product, and an output of the rpm versus MBT table to produce a first sum;

finding a difference between the spark timing input and the first sum;

applying the difference to a table for spark delay versus constant;

multiplying an output of the spark delay table by the output of the EGR versus constant table and the rpm versus nominal exhaust temperature table to produce a second product;

multiplying the second product by an output of the air/fuel ratio versus constant to produce a third product of the exhaust temperature;

providing stored tables and memory for adjusting exhaust temperature as a function of air/fuel ratio, exhaust gas recirculation, spark delay and engine speed;

coupling an input indicating air/fuel ratio to information stored as a function of air/fuel ratio;

coupling an input indicating from EGR rate to information stored as a function of EGR;

coupling an input indicating air charge to information stored as a function of air charge and engine speed;

coupling engine speed to information stored as a function of engine speed;

multiplying the output of information stored as a function of air charge and an input indicating exhaust gas recirculation and applying the output to a first adder;

applying the output of information stored as a function of air/fuel and information stored as a function of engine speed to the first adder;

applying an input indicating spark timing to the negative input of a difference module and applying output of the first adder to the positive input of the difference module;

applying the output of the difference module to an exhaust temperature adjustment table stored as a function of spark retard;

applying the output of the exhaust temperature adjustment table to a second multiplier along with information stored as a function of exhaust gas recirculation, engine speed stored as a function of spark retard to provide an output indicative of exhaust temperature.