Partial-response-channel precoding

• US 5,311,547 A
• Filed: 02/03/1992
• Issued: 05/10/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 02/03/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: American Telephone & Telegraph Company (AT&T, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: AT&T, Inc.
• Inventors: Wei, Lee-Fang
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Stephen
• Assistant Examiner(s): VO, DON NGUYEN
• Application Number:
  US07/829,820
• Time in Patent Office: 827 Days
• Field of Search: 375/18, 375/25, 375/34, 375/39, 375/101, 341/55, 341/78, 341/106, 341/107, 371/37.8, 371/43
• US Class Current: 375/290
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03343 Arrangements at the transmitter end
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/497 by correlative coding, e.g. partial response coding or echo modulation coding transmitters and receivers for partial response systems transversal equalizers at the transmitter end H04L25/03343
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/4975 Correlative coding using Tomlinson precoding, Harashima precoding, Trellis precoding or GPRS
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/3438 using an underlying generalised cross constellation

Abstract

Digital data is transmitted over partial-response channels using a precoding technique which allows for the use of a wide variety of transmit constellations. A sequence of signal points is selected from a predetermined base constellation meeting particular criteria. A so-called combined signal point is developed for a present symbol interval by a) selecting a signal point from the base constellation as a function of input bits associated with the present symbol interval and b) combining the signal point thus selected with a feedback signal which is a function of one or more combined signal points that were developed for previous symbol intervals, that function being determined by the characteristic of the partial-response channel. A transmit signal which represents the combined signal points is then provided. In one implementation, the processing steps are performed explicitly using an integrated precoder/constellation mapper. In another implementation those steps are performed implicitly using table look-up.

Claims

1. Apparatus comprising

means for selecting, in response to input data, a sequence of signal points from a predetermined base constellation,

means for combining each selected signal point with a feedback signal to provide a sequence of combined signal points, said feedback signal being a predetermined function of at least one previously provided one of the combined signal points, said base constellation and said function being such that ones of said combined signal points are signal points of said base constellation and the others are signal points of minimally non-overlapping lattice translates of said base constellation, and

means for providing a transmit signal which represents said combined signal points, all of the combined signal points which are minimally non-overlapping lattice translates of one another being represented identically.

2. The invention of claim 1 wherein the signal points of the base constellation are points of an underlying lattice which has a point at the origin and wherein the underlying lattice can be formed as the union of non-overlapping translates of the base constellation.

3. The invention of claim 2 further comprising means for applying said transmit signal to a communication channel which introduces forced intersymbol interference, and said predetermined function is such as to counter effects of said forced intersymbol interference.

4. The invention of claim 3 wherein said providing means represents each combined signal point in said transmit signal by a particular one symbol of a predetermined transmit constellation.

5. The invention of claim 4 wherein said constellation is a shifted version of said base constellation.

6. The invention of claim 3 wherein said communication channel includes a comb filter which provides an output for each combined signal point;

wherein said selecting means selects each signal point of the sequence in response to a respective subset of said input data; and

wherein said predetermined function is such as to enable recovery of each subset of input data from a respective one of the outputs of said comb filter independent of any of the other outputs of said comb filter.

7. The invention of claim 1 further comprising

means for applying said transmit signal to a communication channel,

means for receiving said transmit signal from said communication channel, and

means for processing the received transmit signal to recover said input data.

8. Apparatus comprising

means for generating in response to a sequence of binary input words a sequence of transmit symbols of a predetermined transmit constellation, said binary input words having a predetermined number of different values which is substantially equal to the number of symbols of said transmit constellation, and

means for transmitting said sequence of transmit symbols over a channel which has a predetermined partial-response characteristic and which provides in response to said sequence of transmit symbols a sequence of receiver symbols of an expanded receiver constellation,

said generating means including means for selecting, for each of said words, a respective symbol of said transmit constellation, said selecting and said constellation being such that each word can be recovered from a respective one of said receiver symbols independent of any other one of said receiver symbols,

each of said transmit symbols having at least first and second coordinates and said transmit constellation and said expanded receiver constellation being other than M² -ary quadrature amplitude modulation constellations.

9. The invention of claim 8 wherein said channel includes a comb filter, each different output of said comb filter corresponding to a different one of the symbols of said expanded receiver constellation.

10. The invention of claim 8 further comprising means for recovering said input data from said sequence of receiver symbols.

11. Apparatus for use in a data communication system in which a sequence of transmit symbols selected from a predetermined transmit constellation in response to binary input data is transmitted over a communication channel having a predetermined partial-response characteristic, said binary input data having a predetermined number of different values which is substantially equal to the number of symbols of said transmit constellations, said channel providing, in response to said transmitted symbols, a sequence of receiver symbols of an expanded receiver constellation, each of said transmit and receiver symbols having at least first and second coordinates, each transmit symbol being selected for a respective binary word of said data in such a way that that binary word can be recovered from a respective one of said receiver symbols independent if any other one of said receiver symbols,

said apparatus comprising

means for receiving said sequence of receiver symbols, and

means for recovering said data from the sequence of receiver symbols received by said means for receiving in response to stored information which associates each different receiver symbol with a different binary word value, the values of the bits of each said binary word value interdependently identifying the values of the first and second coordinates of the associated receiver symbol.

12. The invention of claim 11 wherein said channel includes a comb filter, each different output of said comb filter corresponding to a different one of the symbols of said expanded receiver constellation.

13. A method comprising the steps of

selecting, in response to input data, a sequence of signal points from a predetermined base constellation,

combining each selected signal point with a feedback signal to provide a sequence of combined signal points, said feedback signal being a predetermined function of at least one previously provided one of the signal points, said base constellation and said function being such that ones of said combined signal points are signal points of said base constellation and the others are signal points of minimally non-overlapping lattice translates of said base constellation, and

providing a transmit signal which represents said combined signal points, all of the combined signal points which are minimally non-overlapping lattice translates of one another being represented identically.

14. The invention of claim 13 wherein the signal points of the base constellation are points of an underlying lattice which has a point at the origin and wherein the underlying lattice can be formed as the union of non-overlapping translates of the base constellation.

15. The invention of claim 13 comprising the further step of applying said transmit signal to a communication channel which introduces forced intersymbol interference, and wherein in said combining step said predetermined function is such as to counter effects of said forced intersymbol interference.

16. The invention of claim 13 wherein in said providing step all of the combined signal points which are minimally non-overlapping lattice translates of one another are represented in said transmit signed by a particular one symbol of a predetermined transmit constellation.

17. The invention of claim 16 wherein said transmit constellation is a shifted version of said base constellation.

18. The invention of claim 16 wherein said method includes the further step of applying said transmit signal to a communication channel which includes a comb filter, said comb filter providing an output for each combined signal point;

wherein in said selecting step each signal point of the sequence is selected in response to a respective subset of said input data; and

wherein in said combining step said predetermined function is such as to enable recovery of each subset of input data from a respective one of the outputs of said comb filter independent of any of the other outputs of said comb filter.

19. The invention of claim 18 wherein the signal points of the base constellation are points of an underlying lattice which has a point at the origin and wherein the underlying lattice can be formed as the union of non-overlapping translates of the base constellation.

20. The invention of claim 13 comprising the further steps of

applying said transmit signal to a communication channel,

receiving said transmit signal from said communication channel, and

processing the received transmit signal to recover said input data.

21. A method comprising the steps of

receiving input data,

processing said input data to generate in response thereto a sequence of transmit symbols of a predetermined transmit constellation, and

transmitting said sequence of transmit symbols over a channel which has a predetermined partial-response characteristic and which provides in response to said sequence of transmit symbols a sequence of receiver symbols of an expanded receiver constellation, each of said transmit symbols having at least first and second coordinates,

said processing step including the step of selecting, for each of a succession of subsets of said input data, a respective symbol of said transmit constellation, said selecting and said constellation being such that each subset can be recovered from a respective one of said receiver symbols independent of any other one of said received symbols, said subsets having a predetermined number of different values which is substantially equal to the number of symbols of said transmit constellation,

and said selecting step being such that at least two of the coordinates of at least ones of the transmit symbols are selected jointly by at least a portion of the respective subset.

22. The invention of claim 21 wherein said transmit constellation and said expanded receiver constellation are other than M² -ary quadrature amplitude modulation constellations.

23. The invention of claim 21 wherein said input data is binary data, wherein each of said subsets is a binary word comprised of respective bits of said binary data, wherein each selected transmit constellation symbol is selected as a function of the value of the bits of the respective one of said binary words, and wherein said portion is at least one bit of the respective binary word.

24. The invention of claim 21 wherein said channel includes a comb filter, each different output of said comb filter corresponding to a different one of the symbols of said expanded receiver constellation.

25. The invention of claim 21 comprising the further step of recovering said input data from said sequence of receiver symbols.

26. A method for use in a data communication system in which a sequence of transmit symbols selected from a predetermined transmit constellation in response to binary input data is transmitted over a communication channel having a predetermined partial-response characteristic, said channel providing, in response to said transmitted symbols, a sequence of receiver symbols of an expanded receiver constellation, each transmit symbol being selected for a respective binary word of said data in such a way that that binary word can be recovered from a respective one of said receiver symbols independent of any other one of said receiver symbols, there being a number of different binary word values, that number being substantially equal to the number of symbols of said transmit constellation,

said method comprising the steps of

receiving said sequence of receiver symbols, and

recovering said data from the sequence of received receiver symbols in response to stored information which associates each different receiver symbol with a different stored binary word value, said transmit constellation and said expanded receiver constellation being other than M-PAM or M² -ary quadrature amplitude modulation constellations.

27. The invention of claim 26 wherein said channel includes a comb filter, each different output of said comb filter corresponding to a different one of the symbols of said expanded receiver constellation.