Osmotic device with delayed activation of drug delivery

• US 5,312,390 A
• Filed: 01/14/1993
• Issued: 05/17/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 01/10/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: ALZA Corporation (Johnson & Johnson)
• Original Assignee: ALZA Corporation (Johnson & Johnson)
• Inventors: Wong, Patrick S.-L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Rosenbaum, C. Fred
• Assistant Examiner(s): ELGART, VANITHA M
• Application Number:
  US08/004,340
• Time in Patent Office: 488 Days
• Field of Search: 604/892.1, 604/890.1, 604/891.1, 424/453, 424/462, 424/463, 424/468, 424/471-474, 424/482
• US Class Current: 604/892.1
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/0004 Osmotic delivery systems; Sustained release driven by osmosis, thermal energy or gas

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a fluid-imbibing drug delivery device which is useful for the initial delayed delivery of an active agent formulation to a fluid environment of use, the initial delay period to startup or activation being of a predetermined length of time. The delivery of the agent formulation from the dispensing device, once begun, is continued over a predetermined prolonged period of time.

Claims

1. A fluid-imbibing delivery device for dispensing an active agent to a fluid environment of use over a predetermined prolonged period of time of from about 1 hour to about 48 hours after an initial, preset delayed startup of delivery, which device maintains its integrity in the fluid environment, wherein the device comprises:

(a) a first housing and a second housing, the first and second housings being in reversibly sliding telescoping arrangement with each other, the first housing being impermeable in at least a portion and having an end adapted to fit within the second housing and the second housing being semipermeable in at least a portion;

(b) an active agent delivery chamber within the first housing comprising

(i) at least one active agent formulation,

(ii) a first fluid-activated expansion means selected from osmagents, osmopolymers or mixtures of osmagents with osmopolymers for expelling the active agent formulation from the delivery device,

(iii) an exit means, and

(iv) a fluid-passage means selected from the group consisting of a screen, a microporous membrane, a semipermeable composition and combinations of these; and

(c) an expansion chamber within the second housing, the expansion chamber comprising

(i) a second fluid-activated expansion means selected from osmagents, osmopolymers or mixtures of osmagents with osmopolymers for separating apart the first and second housings, and

(ii) a push plate adjacent the telescoping end of the first housing.

2. A delivery device according to claim 1 which further comprises a partition layer between the active agent formulation and the first expansion means.

3. A delivery device according to claim 1 wherein the first housing is comprised of an impermeable material and the second housing is comprised of a semipermeable material.

4. A delivery device according to claim 1 wherein the active agent formulation is a liquid, a solid, a semi-solid, a thermoresponsive composition or a plurality of dosage forms.

5. A method for delivering an active agent to a fluid environment of use for a predetermined prolonged period of time of from about 1 hour to about 48 hours after an initial delayed startup of delivery, the method comprising:

(1) placing a fluid-imbibing delivery device into the fluid environment, which device maintains its integrity in the fluid environment, wherein the delivery device comprises;

(a) a first housing and a second housing, the first and second housings being in reversibly sliding telescoping arrangement with each other, the first housing being impermeable in at least a portion and having an end adapted to fit within the second housing and the second housing being semipermeable in at least a portion;

(b) an active agent delivery chamber within the first housing comprising

(i) at least one active agent formulation,

(ii) a first fluid-activated expansion means selected from osmagents, osmopolymers or mixtures of osmagents with osmopolymers for expelling the active agent formulation from the delivery device,

(iii) an exit means, and

(iv) a fluid-passage means selected from the group consisting of a screen, a microporous membrane, a semipermeable composition and combinations of these; and

(c) an expansion chamber within the second housing, the expansion chamber comprising

(i) a second fluid-activated expansion means selected from osmagents, osmopolymers or mixtures of osmagents with osmopolymers for separating apart the first and second housings, and

(ii) a push plate adjacent the telescoping end of the first housing;

(2) allowing fluid to be imbibed through at least a portion of the second housing of the delivery device for causing the second expansion means to expand and exert pressure on the slidably connected first and second housings to push apart and separate the two housings to expose the fluid-passage means to the environment; and

(3) allowing fluid to be imbibed through the fluid-passage means for causing the first expansion means to expand to push the active agent formulation from the delivery device.

6. A method according to claim 5 wherein the delivery device further comprises a partition layer between the active agent formulation and the first expansion means.

7. A method according to claim 5 wherein the first housing is comprised of an impermeable material and the second housing is comprised of a semipermeable composition.

8. A method according to claim 5 wherein the active agent formulation is a liquid, a solid, a semisolid, a thermoresponsive composition or a plurality of dosage forms.

9. A fluid-imbibing delivery device for dispensing an active agent in a pulsatile manner to a fluid environment of use over a predetermined prolonged period of time of from about 1 hour to about 48 hours after an initial, preset delayed startup of delivery, which device maintains its integrity in the fluid environment, wherein the device comprises:

(a) a first housing and a second housing, the first and second housings being in reversibly sliding telescoping arrangement with each other, the first housing being impermeable in at least a portion and having an end adapted to fit within the second housing and the second housing being semipermeable in at least a portion;

(b) an active agent delivery chamber within the first housing comprising

(i) a plurality of active agent layers containing at least one active agent longitudinally disposed with the active agent delivery chamber, the active agent layers being separated by non-active agent-containing layers,

(ii) a first fluid-activated expansion means selected from osmagents, osmopolymers or mixtures of osmagents with osmopolymers for expelling the active agent layers from the delivery device,

(iii) an exit means, and

(iv) a fluid-passage means selected from the group consisting of a screen, a microporous membrane, a semipermeable composition and combinations of these; and

(c) an expansion chamber within the second housing, the expansion chamber comprising

(i) a second fluid-activated expansion means selected from osmagents, osmopolymers of mixtures of osmagents with osmopolymers for separating apart the first and second housings, and

(ii) a push plate adjacent the telescoping end of the first housing.

10. A delivery device according to claim 9 which further comprises a partition layer between the active agent layers and the first expansion means.

11. A delivery device according to claim 9 wherein the exit means is closed by an erodible material.

12. A delivery device according to claim 9 which further comprises a retaining structure across the exit means.

13. A method for delivering an active agent in a pulsatile manner to a fluid environment for use for a predetermined prolonged period of time of from about 1 hour to about 48 hours after an initial delayed startup of delivery, the method comprising:

(1) placing a fluid-imbibing delivery device into the fluid environment, which device maintains its integrity in the fluid environment, wherein the delivery device comprises;

(a) a first housing and a second housing, the first and second housings being in reversibly sliding telescoping arrangement with each other, the first housing being impermeable in at least a portion and having an end adapted to fit within the second housing and the second housing being semipermeable in at least a portion;

(b) an active agent delivery chamber within the first housing comprising

(i) a plurality of active agent layers containing at least one active agent longitudinally disposed with the active agent delivery chamber, the active agent layers being separated by non-active agent-containing layers.

(ii) a first fluid-activated expansion means selected from osmagents, osmopolymers or mixtures of osmagents with osmopolymers for expelling the active agent layers from the delivery device,

(iii) an exit means, and

(iv) a fluid-passage means selected from the group consisting of a screen, a microporous membrane, a semipermeable composition and combinations of these; and

(c) an expansion chamber within the second housing, the expansion chamber comprising

(i) a second fluid-activated expansion means selected from osmagents, osmopolymers or mixtures of osmagents with osmopolymers for separating apart the first and second housings, and

(ii) a push plate adjacent the telescoping end of the first housing;

(2) allowing fluid to be imbibed through at least a portion of the second housing of the delivery device for causing the second expansion means to expand and exert pressure on the slidably connected first and second housings to push apart and separate the two housing to expose the fluid-passage means to the environment; and

(3) allowing fluid to be imbibed through the fluid-passage means for causing the first expansion means to expand to push the active agent layers and the non-active agent-containing layers sequentially from the delivery device.

14. A method according to claim 13 which further comprises a partition layer between the active agent layers and the first expansion means.

15. A method according to claim 13 wherein the exit means is closed by an erodible material.

16. A method according to claim 13 which further comprises a retaining structure across the exit means.