Temperature-compensated apparatus for monitoring current having controlled sensitivity to supply voltage

• US 5,313,165 A
• Filed: 07/17/1991
• Issued: 05/17/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 09/22/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Analog Devices, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Analog Devices, Inc.
• Inventors: Brokaw, A. Paul
• Primary Examiner(s): Wieder, Kenneth A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): BROWN, GLENN WARNER
• Application Number:
  US07/731,525
• Time in Patent Office: 1,035 Days
• Field of Search: 324/414, 324/98, 324/140 R, 324/105, 324/721, 340/661, 340/662, 340/663
• US Class Current: 324/414
• CPC Class Codes: B60Q 11/00 Arrangement of monitoring devices for devices provided for in groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q9/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 23/38 using magnetically actuated indicating means
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/16571 comparing AC or DC current with one threshold, e.g. load current, over-current, surge current or fault current G01R19/16514, G01R19/16519, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533, G01R19/1659 take precedence; measuring currents by using elements sensitive to the magnetic field generated G01R15/14; measuring earth resistance G01R27/18; testing for leakage or short circuits in electrical apparatus G01R31/52
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 19/32 Compensating for temperature change

Abstract

An apparatus for monitoring current through a lamp circuit that uses a series resistance shunt in the circuit with one end connected to a current source and the second end connected to the lamp. The apparatus includes a comparator that is connected across the shunt and has a threshold switching voltage wherein a voltage across the shunt that is larger than the threshold switching voltage will switch the comparator on and a voltage across the shunt that is smaller than the threshold switching voltage will switch the comparator off. A biasing circuit, connected to and controlling the comparator, temperature compensates the threshold switching voltage such that the threshold switching voltage changes proportionally to absolute temperature and controls a sensitivity of the threshold switching voltage to changes in a supply voltage of the circuit. In a preferred embodiment, the shunt is a portion of the printed board trace. Also in a preferred embodiment, the apparatus has a 50% sensitivity to changes in supply voltage.

Claims

1. In a circuit for connection to a resistance shunt, an apparatus for monitoring current through the shunt, comprising:

a comparator having two output states in relation to a threshold switching voltage, and having inputs for connection to the resistance shunt wherein the comparator is responsive to a voltage developed across the shunt, so that a voltage across the shunt larger than the threshold switching voltage causes the comparator output to assume a first one of the two output states and a voltage across the shunt smaller than the threshold switching voltage causes the comparator output to assume the second one of the two output states; and

a temperature compensation means, connected to the comparator, for temperature compensating the threshold switching voltage such that the threshold switching voltage changes proportionally to absolute temperature.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a sensitivity control means, connected to the comparator, for controlling a sensitivity of the threshold switching voltage to changes in a supply voltage of the circuit.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the apparatus is fabricated as a monolithic integrated circuit.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the resistance shunt comprises a portion of a printed circuit board trace.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the shunt is disposed in a lamp circuit in a vehicle electrical system and the apparatus monitors current through the lamp circuit.

6. In a circuit for connection to a resistance shunt, an apparatus for monitoring current through the shunt, the improvement comprising:

a comparator having two output states in relation to a threshold switching voltage, and having inputs for connection to the resistance shunt wherein the comparator is responsive to a voltage developed across the shunt, so that a voltage across the shunt larger than the threshold switching voltage causes the comparator output to assume a first one of the two output states and a voltage across the shunt smaller than the threshold switching voltage causes the comparator output to assume the second one of the two output states; and

a sensitivity control means, connected to the comparator, for controlling a sensitivity of the threshold switching voltage to changes in a supply voltage of the circuit.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a temperature compensation means, connected to the comparator, for temperature compensating the threshold switching voltage such that the threshold switching voltage changes proportionally to absolute temperature.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the apparatus is fabricated as a monolithic integrated circuit.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the resistance shunt comprises a portion of a printed circuit board trace.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the shunt is disposed in a lamp circuit in a vehicle electrical system and the apparatus monitors current through the lamp circuit.

11. In a circuit for connection to a resistance shunt, an apparatus for monitoring current through the shunt, comprising:

a comparator having two output states in relation to a threshold switching voltage, and having inputs for connection to the resistance shunt wherein the comparator is responsive to a voltage developed across the shunt, so that a voltage across the shunt larger than the threshold switching voltage causes the comparator output to assume a first one of the two output states and a voltage across the shunt smaller than the threshold switching voltage causes the comparator output to assume the second one of the two output states; and

a biasing circuit, connected to and controlling the comparator, for temperature compensating the threshold switching voltage such that the threshold switching voltage changes proportionally to absolute temperature, and for controlling a sensitivity of the threshold switching voltage to changes in a supply voltage of the circuit.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the bias circuit includes circuitry that varies the threshold switching voltage at one-half the change in a supply voltage of the circuit.

13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the bias circuit includes circuitry that varies the threshold switching voltage as a derivative of a square root of the change in a supply voltage of the circuit.

14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the bias circuit includes circuitry that varies the threshold switching voltage as a square root function of the change in a supply voltage of the circuit.

15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the apparatus is fabricated as a monolithic integrated circuit.

16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the resistance shunt comprises a portion of a printed circuit board trace.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the shunt is disposed in a lamp circuit in a vehicle electrical system and the apparatus monitors current through the lamp circuit.

18. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising at least one fuse test circuit for testing a fuse supplying current to the lamp circuit.

19. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising at least one circuit for testing a lamp in a non-operation state.

20. The apparatus of claim 17, further comprising a plurality of comparators, connected to and controlled by the bias circuit, for monitoring a plurality of currents in a plurality of lamp circuits.