Machine with an active sensor

• US 5,315,517 A
• Filed: 10/29/1992
• Issued: 05/24/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 11/26/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Asaka, Shunichi, Ishikawa, Shigeki, Kawase, Kei
• Primary Examiner(s): Black, Thomas G.
• Assistant Examiner(s): MCFADDEN, SUSAN IRIS
• Application Number:
  US07/968,096
• Time in Patent Office: 572 Days
• Field of Search: 364/424.01, 364/424.02, 364/443, 364/461, 180/167, 180/168, 180/169, 318/568.12, 318/568.16, 901/1
• US Class Current: 701/23
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0248 in combination with a laser lasers per se H01S
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0255 using acoustic signals, e.g. ultra-sonic singals sonar systems designed for anti-collision purposes G01S15/93
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/027 comprising intertial navigation means, e.g. azimuth detector inertial navigation G01C21/16; inertial navigation combined with non-inertial navigation instruments G01C21/165
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0272 comprising means for registering the travel distance, e.g. revolutions of wheels measuring distance traversed on the ground by vehicles, e.g. using odometers G01C22/00
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0278 using satellite positioning signals, e.g. GPS
• CPC Class Codes: G05D 1/0295 by at least one leading vehicle of the fleet

Abstract

A mobile machine having active sensors for allowing similar energy waves to coexist close to each other. A mobile machine enters an exclusive transmission mode with respect to energy wave transmission when interference can occur between its own active sensor and the sensors of mother mobile machines. Prior to the transmission of energy waves, the mobile machine determines whether or not any competing mobile machine has acquired the energy wave transmission right. If not, it broadcasts a declaration of its acquisition of the right to transmit energy waves and transmits energy waves. If the transmission right has already been acquired by a competing mobile machine, it adds its own identification to a transmission queue, and increments the transmission queue each time it receives a declaration of renunciation of the right to transmit energy waves from a competing mobile machine.

Claims

1. A mobile machine with an active sensor that transmits energy waves and receives reflections from objects, comprising:

(a) means for generating data on its own position,

(b) means for transmitting and receiving positional data to and from other mobile machines,

(c) means for determining whether there is a possibility of interference between its own active sensor and the active sensor of another mobile machine by using said positional data,

(d) means for switching its own mode of energy wave transmission in accordance with the result of said determination,

said mobile machine determining whether it is allowed to transmit energy waves by referring to the status of energy wave transmissions from other mobile machines, if it is determined that there is a possibility of interference between its own active sensor and the active sensor of another machine.

2. A mobile machine as set forth in claim 1 that transmits energy waves independently of the energy wave transmission statuses of other mobile machines, if it is determined that no other mobile machines can cause interference with its own sensor.

3. A mobile machine as set forth in claim 1 wherein said means (b) comprises means for broadcasting data on the position of said machine, and means for receiving and storing broadcasted data on the positions of other mobile machines.

4. A mobile machine as set forth in claim 1 further comprising:

means for determining the existence of an object in the space between itself and another mobile machine,

means for informing said other mobile machine of the absence of any object in said space, and

means, responsive to information received from said other mobile machine, for stopping transmission of energy waves in the direction of said other mobile machine.

5. A mobile machine with an active sensor that transmits energy waves and receives reflections from objects, comprising:

(a) means for generating data on its own position,

(b) means for transmitting and receiving data on the positions of other mobile machines,

(c) means for recognizing other mobile machines that can cause interference with its own active sensor, according to the data on its own position and on the positions of the other mobile machines,

(d) means for broadcasting a message on the status of its own energy wave transmission,

(e) means for storing the status of the energy wave transmission of a mobile machine recognized by said means (c),

(f) means for receiving a message on the status of the energy wave transmission broadcasted by said recognized mobile machine in order to update the stored status of the energy wave transmission of said recognized mobile machine, and

(g) means for referring to the stored status of the energy wave transmission of said recognized mobile machine in order to determine whether the recognizing machine itself has permission for energy wave transmission.

6. A mobile machine as set forth in claim 5 wherein the message on the status of the energy wave transmission is a declaration of acquisition of the right to transmit energy waves or a declaration of renunciation of the right to transmit energy waves.

7. A mobile machine as set forth in claim 6 further comprising:

(h) means, responsive to refusal of permission for said machine to transmit energy waves, for adding data identifying itself to a transmission queue and broadcasting a message to that effect, and

(i) means for receiving a declaration of renunciation of the right to transmit energy waves or a message on the transmission queue broadcasted by said recognized mobile machine, in order to update its own transmission queue.

8. A mobile machine as set forth in claim 6 wherein said active sensor is a range sensor that includes means for clocking the time from transmission to reception of energy waves and calculates the distance to an object on the basis of the clocking result, wherein the time clocking means of a mobile machine that has not yet acquired the right to transmit energy waves operates in synchronization with the energy wave transmission from a mobile machine that has already acquired said transmission right, and the position of the object that has reflected the energy waves is calculated by using the clocking result of time taken by the energy waves to travel between said mobile machines.

9. A mobile machine as set forth in claim 5 wherein said means (d) to (g) are activated in response to recognition of any other mobile machine that can cause interference with the recognizing machine'"'"'s own active sensor, and are deactivated in response to recognition that there is no other mobile machine that can cause interference with the recognizing machine'"'"'s own active sensor.

10. A method of controlling a mobile machine having an active sensor that transmits energy waves and receives reflections from objects, said method including the steps of:

(a) generating data on its own position,

(b) transmitting and receiving positional data to and from other mobile machines,

(c) on the basis of the data on its own position and the positions of the other mobile machines, determining the existence of any other mobile machine that can cause interference with the determining machine'"'"'s own active sensor,

(d) if it is determined that no other mobile machines cause interference with its own active sensor, transmitting energy waves from said mobile machine independently of the status of the energy wave transmission of the other mobile machines, and

(e) if it is determined that another mobile machine can cause interference with the determining machine'"'"'s active sensor, referring to the status of the energy wave transmission of said other mobile machine in order to determine the permissibility of energy wave transmission from said determining mobile machine.