Moldable composition of matter

• US 5,317,037 A
• Filed: 09/09/1991
• Issued: 05/31/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 12/10/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: BioPlastics, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Bio Dynamics, Ltd.
• Inventors: Elverum, John A., Golden, Casey V., Hauser, Ray L., Turner, Ronald L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Michl, Paul R.
• Assistant Examiner(s): DEWITT, LAVONDA R
• Application Number:
  US07/756,470
• Time in Patent Office: 995 Days
• Field of Search: 106/217, 106/127, 106/137, 106/197.1, 106/214, 106/204, 71/64.13, 71/903, 71/1, 523/128, 524/13, 524/34, 524/36, 524/47, 524/43, 524/55, 524/22, 524/56, 524/54
• US Class Current: 523/128
• CPC Class Codes: A63B 57/10 Golf tees
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 71/903 Soil conditioner

Abstract

A composition of matter comprising at least 2% by weight of a fibrous material and at least 30% by weight of a binding material such that the composition can be melt-molded into articles which have mechanical strength sufficient for their intended uses and which are biodegradable. The binding material is formed of natural substance and may also include up to 30% by weight synthetic, water-soluble polymer. The fibrous material may be cellulose and/or mineral fibers which provide the attributes of reinforcement and degradability. The composition may further include up to 20% by weight liquid or solid plasticizer which serves to lower melt viscosity and add toughness to the composite material.

Claims

1. A moldable composition of matter comprising at least 2% by weight of a fibrous material and at least 30% by weight of a natural binding material selected from the group consisting of sugar, polydextrose, maltose, mannitol, gelatin, gluten, hydroxymethyl cellulose, gum arabic, and starch such that said composition can be melt-molded into an article having mechanical strength sufficient for the intended use thereof, said article being biodegradable.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein said sugar comprises a mixture of dextrose and fructose.

3. The composition of claim 1 wherein said fibrous material comprises a fiber selected from the group consisting of sisal, linen, cotton, viscose rayon and wood.

4. The composition of claim 1 wherein said fibrous material comprises a mineral fiber.

5. The composition of claim 1 which comprises 30 to 98% by weight binder and 2 to 50% by weight fiber.

6. The composition of claim 1 which comprises 50 to 95% by weight binder, 0 to 30% by weight synthetic water-soluble polymer, and 10 to 50% by weight fiber.

7. The composition of claim 1 which comprises 50 to 95% by weight binder, 10 to 50% by weight fiber, and 0 to 20% by weight liquid or solid plasticizer.

8. The composition of claim 1 which comprises 50 to 90% by weight binder, 0 to 20% by weight synthetic water-soluble polymer, and 0 to 20% by weight liquid or solid plasticizer.

9. The composition of claim 1 which further comprises a chemical additive whereby said additive serves to accelerate the degradation of said composition.

10. The composition of claim 1 which comprises 58 to 87% by weight binder and 11 to 42% by weight fiber.

11. The composition of claim 10 which further comprises 1 to 12.1% by weight synthetic, water-soluble polymer as a component of the binder.

12. The composition of claim 10 which further comprises 1 to 12.1% by weight synthetic, water-soluble polymer as a component of the binder and 6 to 9% by weight liquid or solid plasticizer.

13. The composition of claim 1 which includes a grass treatment adjuvant.

14. The composition of claim 1 which includes a swelling agent.

15. A golf tee molded of the composition as defined in claim 1.

16. A soil treatment spike molded of the composition as defined in claim 1.