Method for changing color of displayed images by use of color components

• US 5,317,678 A
• Filed: 03/14/1990
• Issued: 05/31/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 03/15/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.
• Inventors: Okawara, Hiroyuki, Kato, Makoto, Nohmi, Makoto, Takizawa, Yuri, Miyaoka, Shinichiro
• Primary Examiner(s): Bayerl, Raymond J.
• Application Number:
  US07/493,447
• Time in Patent Office: 1,539 Days
• Field of Search: 395/126, 395/131, 395/129, 395/130, 358/80, 358/75, 358/518, 358/523, 358/504, 340/703, 345/154, 345/153, 345/150
• US Class Current: 345/426
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 11/001 Texturing; Colouring; Generation of texture or colour inpainting G06T5/77

Abstract

In order to accomplish a color adjustment capable of determining a color at a high degree of freedom, a variety of color expressions and corresponding input instructions are correlated to reflect the instruction of a color change by a certain expression upon another expression. In order to accomplish a color change considering the changes in the ambience, moreover, each vector of an object color, a light source color, a color texture, an ambient color and an input bias is decided to determine the separated component values of the former three vectors of a picture element value so that the changed color of the picture element value may be determined after the vector change from the separated component values and the changed vectors.

Claims

1. A color changing method for changing color on a display, the method comprising the steps of:

inputting individual picture element values of a color image through an image input device;

plotting the individual picture element values of the color image in a three-dimensional three-primary color space;

displaying the three dimensional three-primary color space including the plotted individual picture element values of the color image;

presuming from the plotted picture element values at least three components, including a bias component which expresses bias of said plotted picture element values from an origin, a light source color component which expresses specular reflection light, and an object color component which expresses diffuse reflection light, from four components including said bias component, said light source color component, said object color component and a color texture component which expresses the distance between a picture element value and a plane defined by said light source color component and said object color component;

determining either three-dimensional positional coordinates of said picture element values in the three-dimensional space, which is defined by said light source color component, said object color component and said color texture component, or two-dimensional positional coordinates of said picture element values in said plane;

selectively changing two of the three presumed components mutually dependently or one of the three presumed components independently;

accomplishing a color change of the color image by using the changed components or component and said positional coordinates; and

,

displaying the color image incorporating the color change on the display.

2. A color changing method for changing color in a display, the method comprising the steps of:

inputting individual picture element values of a color image through an image input device;

plotting the individual picture element values of the color image in a three-dimensional three-primary color space;

displaying the three-dimensional three-primary color space including the plotted individual picture element values of the color image;

presuming from the plotted picture element values at least three vectors, including a bias vector which expresses the bias of said plotted data from an origin, a light source color vector, and an object color vector which starts from a point displaced from the origin by said bias vector, from among four vectors including said bias vector, said light source color vector, said object color vector and a color texture vector;

determining either three-dimensional positional coordinates of said picture element values in the three-dimensional space, which is defined by said light source color vector, said object color vector and said color texture vector, or two dimensional positional coordinates of said picture element values in a plane which is defined by said light source color vector and said object color vector;

changing the presumed three vectors either collectively or individually; and

,

accomplishing a color change of the color image by using the collectively changed vectors or individually changed vector and said positional coordinates; and

,

displaying the color image incorporating the color change or the display.

3. The color changing method according to claim 2, wherein the step of presuming includes a step of changing said bias vector according to the substeps of:

presuming an ambient color vector and an input device bias vector by assuming that said bias vector is a linear summation of said ambient color vector and said input device bias vector; and

,

changing the ambient color vector and input device bias vector collectively or individually.

4. The color changing method according to claim 3, wherein said ambient color vector and input device bias vector changing step includes the substeps of:

extracting the pure ambient color vector which is generated by eliminating influences of a pure object color vector from said ambient color vector; and

,

changing the ambient color vector and input device bias vector by using the extracted pure ambient color vector.

5. The color changing method according to claim 4, wherein said ambient color vector and input device bias vector changing step includes the substep of changing said pure ambient color vector.

6. The color changing method according to claim 5, wherein said ambient color vector and input device bias vector changing step includes the substeps of:

determining a representative point in each vector of an object whose display is changed;

determining a changed sample color for said representative point; and

,

changing the each vector linearly at the ratios of an individual R,G,B component of said representative point and said sample color in said three-dimensional three-primary color space by giving said changed sample color to said representative point.

7. The color changing method according to claim 5, wherein said ambient color vector and input device bias vector changing step is executed by changing the length of the object color vector to be changed at a specified ratio.

8. The color changing method according to claim 4, wherein said extracting step is executed by using a relation that an individual R,G,B component of said ambient color vector is a product of an individual R,G,B component of said pure ambient color vector and an individual R,G,B component of said pure object color vector.

9. The color changing method according to claim 4, wherein said ambient color vector and input device bias vector changing step includes the substeps of:

changing said pure object color vector and said pure ambient color vector mutually-dependently or independently; and

,

generating an ambient color vector, by using said pure object color vector and said pure ambient color vector.

10. The color changing method according to claim 9, wherein said generating step is executed by using a relation that an individual R,G,B component of said ambient color vector is a product of an individual R,G,B component of said pure ambient color vector and an individual R,G,B component of said pure object color vector.

11. The color changing method according to claim 3, wherein said ambient color vector and input device bias vector changing step includes the substeps of:

determining a representative point in each vector of an object whose display is changed;

determining a changed sample color for said representative point; and

,

changing the vector linearly at the ratios of an individual R,G,B component of said representative point and said sample color in said three-dimensional three-primary color space by giving said changed sample color to said representative point.

12. The color changing method according to claim 3, wherein said ambient color vector and input device bias vector changing step is executed by changing the length of the object color vector to be changed at a specified ratio.

13. The color changing method according to claim 2, wherein said texture vector is normal to a plane which is defined by said light source color vector and said object color vector.

14. The color changing method according to claim 2, wherein the step of presuming comprises:

presuming said light source color vector and said object color vector; and

,

presuming said bias vector or said bias vector and said color texture vector.

15. The color changing method according to claim 2, wherein said color changing step includes the substep of expressing and using a color vector C of an arbitrary picture element value in said three-primary color space by assuming that said arbitrary picture element value has positional coordinates of Ms, Mb and Md in the three-dimensional positional coordinates, which are defined by said light source color vector Cs, said object color vector Cb and said color texture vector Cd,

16. The color changing method according to claim 15, wherein said color changing step is executed by using the expression of said color vector C after either at least two of said light source color vector Cs, said object color vector Cb, said color texture vector Cd and said ambient color vector Ca have been changed sequentially and mutually-dependently or at least one of them has been changed independently.

17. The color changing method according to claim 2, wherein said color changing step includes the substep of expressing and using a color vector C of an arbitrary picture element value in said three-primary color space by assuming that said arbitrary picture element value has positional coordinates of Ms and Mb in the two-dimensional positional coordinates, which are defined by said light source color vector Cs and said object color vector Cb,

18. The color changing method according to claim 17, wherein said color changing step is executed by using the expression of said color vector C after said light source color vector Cs, said object color vector Cb and said ambient color vector Ca have been changed sequentially and mutually-dependently or at least one of them has been changed independently.

19. The color changing method according to claim 2, wherein said vector changing step includes the substep of changing said light source color vector.

20. The color changing method according to claim 2, wherein the vector changing step includes the substeps of:

extracting a pure object color vector by eliminating the influences of said light source color vector from said object color vector; and

,

changing the presumed vectors by using the extracted pure object color vector.

21. The color changing method according to claim 20, wherein said vector changing step includes the substep of changing said pure object color vector.

22. The color changing method according to claim 20, wherein said extracting step is executed by using a relation that an individual R,G,B component of said object color vector is a product of an individual R,G,B component of said light source color vector and an individual R,G,B component of said pure object color vector.

23. The color changing method according to claim 20, wherein said vector changing step includes the substeps of:

changing said light source color vector and said pure object color vectors mutually-dependently or independently; and

,

generating an object color vector by using said light source color vector and said pure object color vector.

24. The color changing method according to claim 23, wherein said generating an object color vector step is executed by using a relation that an individual R,G,B component of said object color vector is the product of an individual R,G,B component of said light source color vector and an individual R,G,B component of said pure object color vector.

25. The color changing method according to claim 2, further comprising the steps of:

plotting the individual picture element values of a model color image, which is placed in a predetermined ambient atmosphere, in said three-dimensional three-primary color space;

presuming at least one of the bias vector which expresses the bias from the origin of said plotted data, the light source color vector, said object color vector and said color texture vector, which start from a point displaced from said origin by said bias vector; and

,

changing color of an object region in said model color image to have either its object color changed or said ambient atmosphere changed by using said presumed at least one vector.

26. The color changing method according to claim 25, wherein said ambient atmosphere changing step includes the substep of changing the light source color vector and a pure ambient color vector of said color image collectively or changing at least one of them independently by using the light source color vector and a pure ambient color vector either in plurality or individually of said model color image.

27. The color changing method according to claim 25, further comprising the steps of:

adjusting at least one of the vectors presumed from said model image; and

,

changing either the object color or said ambient atmosphere of said color image by using at least one of the adjusted vectors.

28. The color changing method according to claim 27, wherein said vector changing step is executed by changing the length of the object color vector to be changed at a specified ratio.

29. The color changing method according to claim 2, wherein said vector changing step includes the substeps of:

determining a representative point in each vector of an object whose display is changed;

determining a changed sample color for said representative point; and

,

changing the vector linearly at the ratios of an individual R,G,B component of said representative point and said sample color in said three-dimensional three-primary color space by giving said changed sample color to said representative point.

30. The color changing method according to claim 2, wherein said vector changing step is executed by changing the length of a vector of the object whose display is changed at a specified ratio.

31. A color changing method for changing color on a display, the method comprising the steps of:

inputting individual picture element values of a color image through an image input device;

plotting the individual picture element values of the color image in a three-dimensional three-primary color space;

displaying the three dimensional three-primary color space including the plotted individual picture element values of the color image;

presuming at least two components, a light source color component which expresses specular reflection light, and an object color component which expresses diffuse reflection light, from among four components, including a bias component which expresses bias of said plotted data from an origin, said light source color component, said object color component and a color texture component which expresses distance between a picture element value and a plane which is defined by said light source color component and said object color component,

determining positional coordinates of said picture element values in a three-dimensional space, which is defined by said light source color component, said object color component and said color texture component, or said plane, changing at least said light source color component among said four components;

accomplishing a color change in the color image by using the changed component or components and said positional coordinates; and

,

displaying the color image incorporating the color change on the display.

32. A color changing method for changing color on a display, the method comprising the steps of:

inputting individual picture element values of a color image through an image input device;

plotting the individual picture element values of the color image in a three-dimensional three-primary color space;

displaying the three dimensional three-primary color space including the plotted individual picture element values of the color image;

presuming from the plotted picture element values at least two vectors, an object color vector and a light source color vector, which start from a point displaced from an origin by a bias vector, from among four vectors, including the bias vector which expresses bias of said plotted data from an origin, said light source color vector, said object color vector and a color texture vector;

determining the positional coordinates of each of said picture element values in either a three-dimensional space, which is defined by said light source color vector, said object color vector and said color texture vector, or a plane which is defined by said light source color vector and said object color vector;

changing at least said light source color vector;

accomplishing a color change of the color image by using said positional coordinates and said changed vector or vectors; and

,

displaying the color image incorporating the color change on the display.

33. The color changing method according to claim 32, wherein said vector changing step includes the substeps of:

determining a representative point in each vector of an object whose display is changed;

determining a changed sample color for said representative point; and

,

changing the vector linearly at the ratios of an individual R,G,B component of said representative point and said sample color in said three-dimensional three-primary color space by giving said changed sample color to said representative point.

34. The color changing method according to claim 32, wherein said vector changing step is executed by changing the length of the object color vector to be changed at a specified ratio.

35. A color changing method for changing color on a display, the method comprising the steps of:

inputting individual picture element values of a color image through an image input device;

plotting the individual picture element values of the color image in a three-dimensional three-primary color space;

displaying the three dimensional three-primary color space including the plotted individual picture element values of the color image;

presuming from the plotted picture element values at least two components, a light source color component which expresses specular reflection light, and an object color component which expresses diffuse reflection light from among four components, including a bias component which expresses bias of said plotted data from an origin, said light source color component, said object color component and a color texture component;

determining positional coordinates of each of said picture element values in a three-dimensional space, which is defined by said light source color component, said object color component and said color texture component, or a plane which is defined by said light source color component and said object color component;

extracting a pure object color vector by eliminating the influences of said light source color component from said object color component;

changing the presumed components collectively or changing at least one of them independently by using the extracted pure object color component;

accomplishing a color change of the color image by using said positional coordinates and the changed component or components; and

,

displaying the color image incorporating the color change on the display.

36. A color changing method for changing color on a display, the method comprising the steps of:

inputting individual picture element values of a color image through an image input device;

plotting the individual picture element values of the color image in a three-dimensional three-primary color space;

displaying the three dimensional three-primary color space including the plotted individual picture element values of the color image;

presuming from the plotted picture element values at least two vectors including a light source color vector, and an object color vector which start from a point displaced from an origin by a bias vector, from among four vectors including said bias vector which expresses bias of said plotted data from an origin, said light source color vector, said object color vector and a color texture vector;

determining positional coordinates of each of said picture element values in either a three-dimensional space, which is defined by said light source color vector, said object color vector and said color texture vector, or a plane which is defined by said light source color vector and said object color vector;

extracting a pure object color vector by eliminating the influences of said light source color vector from said object color vector;

changing the presumed vectors collectively or changing at least one of them independently on the display by using the extracted pure object color vector;

accomplishing a color change of the color image by using said positional coordinates and the changed vector or vectors; and

,

displaying the color image incorporating the color change on the display.

37. The color changing method according to claim 36, wherein said vector changing step includes the substep of changing said pure object color vector.

38. The color changing method according to claim 37, wherein said vector changing step includes the substeps of:

determining a representative point in each object color vector to be changed;

determining a changed sample color for said representative point; and

,

changing the vector linearly at the ratios of an individual R,G,B component of said representative point and said sample color in said three-dimensional three-primary color space by giving said changed sample color to said representative point.

39. The color changing method according to claim 37, wherein said vector changing step is executed by changing the length of the object color vector to be changed at a specified ratio.

40. The color changing method according to claim 36, wherein said extracting step is executed by using a relation that an individual R,G,B component of said object color vector is a product of an individual R,G,B component of said light source color vector and an individual R,G,B component of said pure object color vector.

41. The color changing method according to claim 36, wherein said vector changing step includes the substeps of:

changing said light source color vector and said pure object color vector simultaneously or individually; and

,

generating an object color vector by using said light source color vector and said pure object color vector.

42. The color changing method according to claim 41, wherein said generating an object color vector step is executed by using a relation that an individual R,G,B component of said object color vector is a product of an individual R,G,B component said light source color vector and an individual R,G,B component of a pure object color vector.

43. A color changing method for changing color on a display, the method comprising the steps of:

inputting individual picture element values of a color image through an image input device;

plotting the individual picture element values of the color image to have its color changed in a three-dimensional three-primary color space;

displaying the three dimensional three-primary color space including the plotted individual picture element values of the color image;

presuming from the plotted picture element values at least two components, including a light source color component which expresses specular reflection light, and an object color component which expresses diffuse reflection light from among four components, including a bias component which expresses bias of said plotted picture element values from an origin, said light source color component, said object color component and a color texture component which expresses distance between a picture element value and a plane which is defined by said light source color component and said object color component;

determining positional coordinates of each of said picture element values in a three-dimensional space, which is defined by said light source color component, said object color component and said color texture component, or a plane which is defined by said light source color component and said object color component;

plotting the individual picture element values of a model color image which is placed in a predetermined ambient atmosphere, in said three-dimensional three-primary color space;

presuming from the model color image plotted picture element values at least one of the four components, including the bias component which expresses the bias of said plotted data from said origin, the light source component which expresses specular reflection light, and the object color component which expresses diffuse reflection light and said color texture component which expresses the distance between a picture element value and a plane, which is defined by said light source color component and said object color component; and

,

changing color on the display of said color image to have either an object color changed or said ambient atmosphere changed from the components presumed from said model image and said positional coordinates.

44. A color changing method for changing color on a display, the method comprising the steps of:

inputting individual picture element values of a color image through an image input device;

plotting the individual picture element values of the color image to have its color changed in a three-dimensional three-primary color space;

displaying the three dimensional three-primary color space including the plotted individual picture element values of the color image;

presuming from the plotted picture element values at least two vectors, a light source color vector, and an object color vector which start from a point displaced from an origin by a bias vector which expresses the bias of said plotted data from an origin, from among four vectors, including said bias vector, said light source color vector, said object color vector and a color texture vector;

determining positional coordinates of said picture element values in either the three-dimensional space, which is defined by said light source color vector, said object color vector and said color texture vector, or a plane which is defined by said light source color vector and said object color vector;

plotting the individual picture elements of a model color image which is placed in a predetermined ambient atmosphere, in said three-dimensional three-primary color space;

presuming from the plotted model image picture element values at least one of the four vectors, including the bias vector which expresses bias of said plotted data from said origin, the light source vector, said object color vector and said color texture vector, which start from a point displaced from the origin by said bias vector; and

,

changing the color of object region on the display in said color image to have either an object color changed or said ambient atmosphere changed from the vector or vectors presumed from said model image and said positional coordinates.

45. The color changing method according to claim 44, wherein said ambient atmosphere changing step includes the substep of changing the light source color vector and a pure ambient color vector collectively or changing at least one of them independently by using at least either of the light source color vector and a pure ambient color vector of said model color image.

46. The color changing method according to claim 44, further comprising the steps of:

adjusting the vector or vectors presumed from said model image; and

,

changing either the object color or said ambient atmosphere of said color image by using the adjusted vector or vectors.

47. The color changing method according to claim 46, wherein said vector changing step is executed by changing the length of the object color vector to be changed at a specified ratio.

48. A color changing method for changing color on a display, the method comprising the steps of:

inputting individual picture element values of a color image through an image input device;

plotting the individual picture elements of the color image in a three-dimensional three-primary color space;

displaying the three dimensional three-primary color space including the plotted individual picture element values of the color image;

presuming from the plotted picture element values at least three components, including a light source color component which expresses specular reflection light, an object color component which expresses diffuse reflection light, and a color texture component which expresses the distance between a picture element value and a plane which is defined by said light source color component and said object color component, from among the following four components, a bias component which express the bias of said plotted data from an origin, said light source color component, said object color component and a color texture component;

determining the positional coordinates of each of said picture element values in either a three-dimensional space, which is defined by said light source color vector, said object color component and said color texture component, or said plane;

changing the presumed components collectively or changing at least one of them independently; and

,

accomplishing a color change on the display by using the changed component or components and said positional coordinates.

49. A color changing method for changing color on a display, the method comprising the steps of:

inputting individual picture element values of a color image through an image input device;

plotting the individual picture elements of the color image in a three-dimensional three-primary color space;

presuming from the plotted picture element values at least three vectors, including a color texture vector, an object color vector and a light source color vector, which start from an origin among the following four vectors, a bias vector which expresses the bias of said plotted data from an origin, said light source color vector, said object color vector and said color texture vector;

determining positional coordinates of each of said picture element values in either a three-dimensional space which is defined by said light source color vector, said object color vector and said color texture vector, or a plane which is defined by said light source color vector and said object color vector;

changing the presumed vectors collectively or changing at least one of them independently; and

,

accomplishing a color change on the display by using the changed vector or vectors and said positional coordinates.

50. The color changing method according to claim 49, wherein said texture vector is normal to a plane which is defined by said light source color vector and said object color vector.