Apparatus for specifying coordinates of a body in three-dimensional space

• US 5,319,387 A
• Filed: 04/17/1992
• Issued: 06/07/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 04/19/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha (Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha (Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd.)
• Inventors: Yoshikawa, Kouhei
• Primary Examiner(s): Brier, Jeffery
• Assistant Examiner(s): Tung, Bryan S.
• Application Number:
  US07/870,688
• Time in Patent Office: 781 Days
• Field of Search: 340/709, 340/707, 340/706, 364/709.01, 364/709.11, 273/148 B, 273/438, 358/88, 358/93, 358/107
• US Class Current: 345/179
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0304 Detection arrangements using opto-electronic means constructional details of pointing devices not related to the detection arrangement using opto-electronic means G06F3/033; optical digitisers G06F3/042
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0325 using a plurality of light emitters or reflectors or a plurality of detectors forming a reference frame from which to derive the orientation of the object, e.g. by triangulation or on the basis of reference deformation in the picked up image
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0346 with detection of the device orientation or free movement in a 3D space, e.g. 3D mice, 6-DOF [six degrees of freedom] pointers using gyroscopes, accelerometers or tilt-sensors

Abstract

An apparatus for specifying three-dimensional coordinates of a body includes an image position sensing unit for converging a light radiating from a specific body arranged in a space on a plane to form an image and detecting a position of the image on the plane, one or a plurality of mirrors for reflecting the light from the specific body to allow the reflected light to enter the image position sensing unit, and a coordinate calculating unit for calculating coordinates of the specific body in a three-dimensional coordinate system defined in a three-dimensional space based on the positions of the images respectively formed by a light radiating from the specific body and directly entering the image position sensing unit and a light reflected by the mirror and entering the image position sensing unit.

Claims

1. An apparatus for specifying three-dimensional coordinates of a body including:

image position sensing means for converging incident light radiated from said body arranged in a predetermined region of a three-dimensional space to form an image on a predetermined plane and detecting a position of said image on said predetermined plane,

reflecting means for reflecting the light radiating from said body to allow the reflected light to enter said image position sensing means, and

coordinate calculating means for calculating coordinates of said body in a three-dimensional coordinate system defined in said three-dimensional space based on a position, on said predetermined plane, of an image formed by a direct incident light radiated from said body and directly entering said image position sensing means, and a position, on said predetermined plane, of an image formed by an indirect incident light radiated from said body and reflected by said reflecting means and entering said image position sensing means.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said incident light radiated from said body includes visible light.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, further including:

first holding means for holding said reflecting means for rotation around a first axis, and

first angle detecting means for detecting a rotation angle of said reflecting means around said first axis,

wherein said coordinate calculating means further calculates said coordinates based on the rotation angle of said first angle detecting means.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, further including:

second holding means for holding said reflecting means for rotation around a second axis not parallel with said first axis, and

second angle detecting means for detecting a rotation angle of said reflecting means around said second axis,

wherein said coordinate calculating means further calculates said coordinates based on the rotation angle of said second angle detecting means.

5. The apparatus according to claim 3, further including first rotating means responsive to an output of said image position sensing means for rotating said reflecting means around said first axis such that the visible light radiating from said body and entering said image position sensing means via said reflecting means has a reflection point on said reflecting means near said first axis.

6. The apparatus according to claim 4, further including first rotating means responsive to an output of said image position sensing means for rotating said reflecting means around said first axis such that the visible light radiating from said body and entering said image position sensing means via said reflecting means has a reflection point on said reflecting means near said first axis.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, further including second rotating means responsive to the output of said image position sensing means for rotating said reflecting means around said second axis such that the visible light radiating from said body and entering said image position sensing means via said reflecting means has the reflection point on said reflecting means near said second axis.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, further including a plurality of said reflecting means.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said incident light radiated from said body includes visible light.

10. The apparatus according to claim 9 further including:

first holding means for holding a first of said plurality of said reflecting means for rotation around a first axis, and

first angle detecting means for detecting a rotation angle of said first of said plurality of said reflecting means around said first axis,

wherein said coordinate calculating means further calculates said coordinates based on the rotation angle of said first angle detecting means.

11. The apparatus according to claim 10, further including:

second holding means for holding said first of said plurality of said reflecting means for rotating around a second axis not parallel with said first axis, and

second angle detecting means for detecting a rotating angle of said first of said plurality of said reflecting means around said second axis,

wherein said coordinate calculating means further calculates said coordinates based on the rotation angle of said second angle detecting means.

12. The apparatus according to claim 10, further including first rotating means responsive to an output of said image position sensing means for rotating said first of said plurality of said reflecting means around said first axis such that the visible light radiating from said body and entering said image position sensing means via said first of said plurality of said reflecting means has a reflecting point on said first of said plurality of reflecting means near said first axis.

13. The apparatus according to claim 11, further including first rotating means responsive to an output of said image position sensing means for rotating said first of said plurality of said reflecting means around said first axis such that the visible light radiating from said body and entering said image position sensing means via said first of said plurality of said reflecting means has a reflection point on said first of said plurality of said reflecting means near said first axis.

14. The apparatus according to claim 13, further including second rotating means responsive to the output of said image position sensing means for rotating said first of said plurality of said reflecting means around said second axis such that the visible light radiating from said body and entering said image position sensing means via said first of said plurality of said reflecting means has the reflection point on said first of said plurality of said reflecting means near said second axis.

15. The apparatus according to claim 11, further including radiating means for radiating the incident light with a predetermined wavelength in said predetermined region.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, further including a position designating member placed at an arbitrary position in said predetermined region, said position designating member including a portion with a curved surface for reflecting incident light.

17. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said coordinate calculating means includes:

incident angle detecting means for detecting an angle of incidence of the direct incident light radiating from said body and the indirect incident light radiating from said body, and

wherein said coordinate calculating means calculates the coordinates of said body in said three-dimensional coordinate system utilizing a predetermined equation based on the angle of incidence from said incident angle detecting means and data specifying a positional relationship between said reflecting means and said image position sensing means.

18. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said incident angle detecting means includes:

image coordinate detecting means for detecting coordinates of the direct image and the indirect image formed on said predetermined plane in said three-dimensional coordinate system,

table storing means for storing relationships between the coordinates of the direct image and the indirect image in said three-dimensional coordinate system and an angle of light incident to the direct image and the indirect image, respective, and

table referring means for referring to said table storing means to obtain an angle of incidence of incident light utilizing the coorindates from said image coordinate detecting means as a key.