Non-invasive testing
First Claim
1. An apparatus determining the concentration in a sample of a constituent of interest which has absorption or reflectance bands in a selected region of the spectrum comprising:
- a light source that illuminates said sample with broad spectrum radiation in said selected region;
a sample chamber for confining said sample during said illumination;
detection means in the form of a plurality of detector units, each of said detector units being responsive to a specific region of said spectrum and having a partial overlapping region of spectral response with another of said detector units, said response from each detector unit being in the form of an output signal; and
analysis means for converting said output signals into a measure of said concentration.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A new non-invasive detection method for glucose and other constituents of interest in a sample has been developed. The apparatus and methods of the invention provide an analog of color perception of human vision, preferably in the near infrared region, replacing spectrophotometers and narrow band sources used in other noninvasive near infrared detection methods. A plurality of detector units are used, each covering a broad and overlapping region of the detected spectrum, paralleling color perception and colorimetry. In some circumstances, a neural net is used for analysis, allowing the system to learn. A novel method for background discrimination is also described.
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Citations
29 Claims
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1. An apparatus determining the concentration in a sample of a constituent of interest which has absorption or reflectance bands in a selected region of the spectrum comprising:
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a light source that illuminates said sample with broad spectrum radiation in said selected region; a sample chamber for confining said sample during said illumination; detection means in the form of a plurality of detector units, each of said detector units being responsive to a specific region of said spectrum and having a partial overlapping region of spectral response with another of said detector units, said response from each detector unit being in the form of an output signal; and analysis means for converting said output signals into a measure of said concentration. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A method for measuring the concentration in a sample of a constituent of interest which absorbs or reflects light , said method comprising the steps of:
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illuminating said sample with broad spectrum radiation; detecting transmitted or reflected radiation from said sample; generating at least one signal corresponding to said detected radiation; and analyzing said signal to measure the concentration of said constituent; wherein said detecting step includes impinging the radiation transmitted or reflected from said sample onto a detection array which generates said signal, said detection array including a plurality of detector units each responsive to a specific region of the transmitted or reflected spectrum, the spectral response of each of said detector units having at least partial overlap with the response of at least one other of said detector units. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26)
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27. An apparatus to perform colorimetry using absorption or reflectance in a selected region of the spectrum comprising:
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a light source that generates broad spectrum radiation in said selected region; detection means in the form of a plurality of detector units, each of said detector units being responsive to a specific region of said spectrum and having a partial overlapping region of spectral response with another of said detector units, said response from each detector unit being in the form of an output signal; and analysis means in the form of a neural net for converting said output signals into colorimetry values.
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28. A method for colormetric measures using transmittance or reflectance measurements comprising the steps of:
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illuminating a sample with broad spectrum radiation; detecting transmitted or reflected radiation from said sample; generating at least one signal corresponding to said detected radiation; and analyzing said signal to measure the concentration of said constituent; wherein said detecting step includes impinging the radiation transmitted or reflected from said sample onto a detection array which generates said signal, said detection array including a plurality of detector units each responsive to a specific region of the transmitted or reflected spectrum, the spectral response of each of said detector units having at least partial overlap with the response of at least one other of said detector units; and said analysis step is carried out using a neural net. - View Dependent Claims (29)
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Specification