Filament-containing composite

• US 5,330,854 A
• Filed: 09/24/1987
• Issued: 07/19/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 09/24/1987
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Morrison, William A., Singh, Raj N.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nelson, Peter A.
• Application Number:
  US07/100,806
• Time in Patent Office: 2,490 Days
• Field of Search: 428/408, 428/697, 428/698, 428/699, 428/113, 428/446, 427/333, 427/374.1, 427/383.7, 427/436, 427/387
• US Class Current: 428/698
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 35/573 obtained by reaction sintering or recrystallisation
• CPC Class Codes: C04B 35/80 Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
• CPC Class Codes: D01F 11/124 Boron, borides, boron nitrides
• CPC Class Codes: D01F 11/126 Carbides boron-comprising compounds D01F11/124; nitrogen carbide D01F11/128
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24124 Fibers

Abstract

Boron nitride is coated on filaments of elemental carbon and/or silicon carbide, the coated filaments are contacted with an infiltration-promoting material containing elemental carbon to produce a preform wherein the filaments are substantially parallel and each filament is enveloped with infiltration-promoting material, and the preform is infiltrated with molten silicon to produce a composite containing boron nitride coated filaments.

Claims

1. A process for producing a composite with a porosity of less than about 10% by volume comprised of boron nitride-coated filaments and a matrix phase, said filament component of said coated filaments comprising at least about 10% by volume of the composite, said matrix phase containing silicon carbide formed in situ in an amount of at least about 5% by volume of the composite and elemental silicon in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of the composite, which comprises the following steps:

(a) providing a filament selected from the group consisting of elemental carbon, a SiC-containing material containing at least about 50% by weight silicon and at least about 25% by weight carbon, and a combination thereof, said filament having a diameter of at least about 50 microns;

(b) depositing a coating of boron nitride on said filament leaving no significant portion thereof exposed;

(c) providing infiltration-promoting material in the form of particulates and/or fibers, said infiltration-promoting material containing elemental carbon;

(d) contacting a plurality of said boron nitride-coated filaments with said infiltration-promoting material to produce a preform wherein said infiltration-promoting material envelops each coated filament preventing contact therebetween and wherein said coated filaments are at least substantially parallel to each other, said preform having an open porosity ranging from about 25% by volume to about 85% by volume of the preform;

(e) contacting said preform with silicon-associated infiltrating means whereby said silicon is infiltrated into said preform;

(f) heating the resulting structure in a partial vacuum to a temperature at which said silicon is molten and infiltrating said molten silicon into said preform to produce an infiltrated product having the composition of said composite, said preform containing sufficient elemental carbon to react with said silicon to form said composite, said partial vacuum being at least sufficient to remove gas from said preform so as to allow said molten silicon to infiltrate said preform; and

(g) cooling said product to produce said composite, said boron nitride-coated filaments being enveloped by said infiltration-promoting material to enable said infiltration by molten silicon.

2. The process according to claim 1 wherein said preform has an open porosity ranging from about 35% by volume to about 80% by volume.

3. The process according to claim 1 wherein said infiltration-promoting material is comprised of elemental carbon.

4. The process according to claim 1 wherein said filament is comprised of elemental carbon.

5. The process according to claim 1 wherein said filament is comprised of silicon carbide.

6. The process according to claim 1 wherein said matrix phase is comprised of said silicon carbide formed in situ and said elemental silicon.

7. The process according to claim 1 wherein said infiltration-promoting material is formed into a suspension in a liquid vehicle, wherein a layer of said boron nitride-coated filaments is pre-formed in which said filaments are spaced and substantially parallel, and wherein said layer of filaments is immersed in said suspension and said liquid vehicle is extracted therefrom to produce said preform.

8. The process according to claim 1 wherein said infiltration-promoting material is formed into a suspension, a part of said suspension is slip cast until a pliable mass of said infiltration-promoting material is formed, said boron nitride-coated filaments are pressed into said mass and additional suspension is slip cast on at least the exposed portions of said filaments to produce said preform.

20. The process according to claim 1, wherein said filament is comprised of said SiC-containing material and said SiC-containing material envelops a core.

21. The process according to claim 1, wherein said infiltration-promoting material in step (c) contains molybdenum in an amount of at least 1% by volume of said infiltration-promoting material.

32. The process according to claim 1, wherein said filament is comprised of said SiC-containing material and said SiC-containing material envelopes a core, and wherein said infiltration-promoting material in step (c) contains molybdenum carbide in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of said infiltration-promoting material.

38. The process according to claim 1, wherein said filament is comprised of said SiC-containing material and said SiC-containing material envelops a core, and wherein said infiltration-promoting material in step (c) contains molybdenum in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of said infiltration-promoting material.

39. The process according to claim 1, wherein said infiltration-promoting material in step (c) contains molybdenum carbide in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of said infiltration-promoting material.

9. A composite comprised of boron nitride-coated filaments and a matrix phase containing silicon carbide phase and elemental silicon phase, said silicon carbide phase being present in an amount of at least about 5% by volume of said composite, said elemental silicon phase being present in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of said composite, said filament component of said boron nitride-coated filaments being present in an amount of at least about 10% by volume of said composite, said filament component of said coated filaments being selected from the group consisting of elemental carbon, a SiC-containing material containing by weight of the SiC-containing material at least about 50% by weight of silicon and at least about 25% by weight carbon, and a combination thereof, said boron nitride coating being at least detectable by scanning electron microscopy, said boron nitride-coated filaments being at least substantially parallel to each other and spaced from each other, said filament component of said boron nitride-coated filaments having a diameter of at least about 50microns, said boron nitride-coated filaments being spaced from each other by at least about 50 microns, said matrix phase being continuous, interconnecting and enveloping each of said boron nitride-coated filaments, said composite having a porosity of less than about 10% by volume.

10. The composite according to claim 9, wherein said matrix phase contains molybdenum carbide ranging up to about 50% by volume of the composite.

11. The composite according to claim 9 wherein said filament component is comprised of elemental carbon.

12. The composite according to claim 9 wherein said filament component is comprised of silicon carbide.

13. The composite according to claim 9 wherein said matrix phase is comprised of said silicon carbide phase and said elemental silicon phase.

14. The composite according to claim 9 wherein said filament component is present in an amount of at least about 50% by volume of said composite.

16. The composite according to claim 9, wherein said filament component is comprised of said SiC-containing material and said SiC-containing material envelops a core, and wherein said matrix phase contains molybdenum carbide ranging up to about 50% by volume of the composite.

22. The composite according to claim 9, wherein said filament component is comprised of said SiC-containing material and said SiC-containing material envelops a core.

23. The composite according to claim 9, wherein said matrix phase contains molybdenum silicide ranging up to about 50% by volume of the composite.

27. The composite according to claim 9, wherein said filament component is comprised of said SiC-containing material and said SiC-containing material envelops a core, and wherein said matrix phase contains molybdenum silicide ranging up to about 50% by volume of the composite.

15. A composite comprised of at least a layer of boron nitride-coated filaments and a matrix phase, said filament component of said boron nitride-coated filaments ranging from about 10% by volume to about 70% by volume of the composite and being selected from the group consisting of elemental carbon, a SiC-containing material containing by weight of the SiC-containing material at least about 50% by weight of silicon and at least about 25% by weight of carbon, and a combination thereof, said boron nitride coating being at least detectable by scanning electron microscopy, said boron nitride-coated filaments being at least substantially parallel to each other and spaced from each other, said filament component of said boron nitride-coated filaments having a diameter of at least about 50microns, said boron nitride-coated filaments being spaced from each other by at least about 50microns, said matrix phase being continuous, interconnecting and enveloping each of said boron nitride-coated filaments, said coated filaments being distributed through said composite, said matrix phase being comprised of silicon carbide phase and elemental silicon phase, said silicon carbide phase being present in an amount of at least about 10% by volume of said composite, said elemental silicon phase being present in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of said composite, said matrix phase enveloping each of said boron nitride-coated filaments, said composite having a porosity of less than about 10% by volume.

17. The composite according to claim 15 wherein said silicon carbide phase ranges from about 10% by volume to less than about 79% by volume of said composite.

18. The composite according to claim 15 wherein said filament component is comprised of elemental carbon.

19. The composite according to claim 15 wherein said filament component is comprised of silicon carbide.

24. The composite according to claim 15, wherein said filament component is comprised of said SiC-containing material and said SiC-containing material envelops a core.

25. The composite according to claim 15, wherein said matrix phase contains molybdenum silicide ranging up to about 50% by volume of the composite.

26. A composite comprised of boron nitride-coated filaments and a matrix phase containing silicon carbide phase and elemental silicon phase, said silicon carbide phase being present in an amount of at least about 5% by volume of said composite, said elemental silicon phase being present in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of said composite, said filament component of said boron nitride-coated filaments being present in an amount of at least about 10% by volume of said composite, said filament component of said coated filaments being comprised of a SiC-containing material containing by weight of the SiC-containing material at least about 50% by weight of silicon and at least about 25% by weight carbon, said boron nitride coating being at least detectable by scanning electron microscopy, said boron nitride-coated filaments being at least substantially parallel to each other and spaced from each other, said filament component of said boron nitride-coated filaments having a diameter of at least about 50microns, said matrix phase being continuous, interconnecting and enveloping each of said boron nitride-coated filaments, said composite having a porosity of less than about 10% by volume.

28. The composite according to claim 26, wherein said filament component is comprised of said SiC-containing material and said SiC-containing material envelops a core.

29. The composite according to claim 26, wherein said filament component is comprised of silicon carbide and said filament component envelops a core.

30. The composite according to claim 26, wherein said matrix phase contains molybdenum silicide ranging up to about 50% by volume of the composite.

31. A composite comprised of boron nitride-coated filaments and a matrix phase containing silicon carbide phase and elemental silicon phase, said silicon carbide phase being present in an amount of at least about 5% by volume of said composite, said elemental silicon phase being present in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of said composite, said filament component of said boron nitride-coated filaments being present in an amount of at least about 10% by volume of said composite, said filament component of said coated filaments being comprised of elemental carbon, said boron nitride coating being at least detectable by scanning electron microscopy, said boron nitride-coated filaments being at least substantially parallel to each other and spaced from each other, said filament component of said boron nitride-coated filaments having a diameter of at least about 50 microns, said matrix phase being continuous, interconnecting and enveloping each of said boron nitride-coated filaments, said composite having a porosity of less than about 10% by volume.

33. The composite according to claim 31, wherein said matrix phase contains molybdenum silicide ranging up to about 50% by volume of the composite.

34. A process for producing a composite with a porosity of less than about 10% by volume comprised of boron nitride-coated filaments and a matrix phase, said filament component of said coated filaments comprising at least about 10% by volume of the composite, said matrix phase containing silicon carbide formed in situ in an amount of at least about 5% by volume of the composite and elemental silicon in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of the composite, which comprises the following steps:

(a) providing a filament selected from the group consisting of elemental carbon, a SiC-containing material containing at least about 50% by weight silicon and at least about 25% by weight carbon, and a combination thereof, said filament having a diameter of at least about 50 microns;

(a) depositing a coating of boron nitride on said filament leaving no significant portion thereof exposed;

(b) forming a preform comprised of infiltration-promoting material and a plurality of said boron nitride-coated filaments wherein said infiltration-promoting material envelops each coated filament preventing contact therebetween and wherein said coated filaments are at least substantially parallel to each other, said preform having an open porosity ranging from about 25% by volume to about 85% by volume of the preform, said infiltration-promoting material being in the form of particulates and/or fibers, said infiltration-promoting material containing elemental carbon;

(c) contacting said preform with silicon-associated infiltrating means whereby said silicon is infiltrated into said preform;

(d) heating the resulting structure in a partial vacuum to a temperature at which said silicon is molten and infiltrating said molten silicon into said preform to produce an infiltrated product having the composition of said composite, said preform containing sufficient element carbon to react with said silicon to form said composite, said partial vacuum being at least sufficient to remove gas from said preform so as to allow said molten silicon to infiltrate said preform; and

(e) cooling said product to produce said composite, said boron nitride-coated filaments being enveloped by said infiltration-promoting material to enable said infiltration by molten silicon.

35. The process according to claim 34, wherein said filament is comprised of said SiC-containing material and said SiC-containing material envelops a core.

36. The process according to claim 34, wherein said infiltration-promoting material in step (c) contains molybdenum in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of said infiltration-promoting material.

37. The process according to claim 34, wherein said filament is comprised of said SiC-containing material and said SiC-containing material envelops a core, and wherein said infiltration-promoting material in step (c) contains molybdenum in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of said infiltration-promoting material.

40. The process according to claim 34, wherein said infiltration-promoting material in step (c) contains molybdenum carbide in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of said infiltration-promoting material.

41. The process according to claim 34, wherein said filament is comprised of said SiC-containing material and said SiC-containing material envelops a core, and wherein said infiltration-promoting material in step (c) contains molybdenum carbide in an amount of at least about 1% by volume of said infiltration-promoting material.