Standby control for electromagnet

• US 5,331,269 A
• Filed: 05/14/1992
• Issued: 07/19/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 05/14/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Electro-Matic Products Company
• Original Assignee: Electro-Matic Products Company
• Inventors: Armond, Joseph A., Rodenas, Juanito
• Primary Examiner(s): Stephan, Steven L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Dougherty, Thomas M.
• Application Number:
  US07/883,941
• Time in Patent Office: 796 Days
• Field of Search: 320/39, 320/40, 320/32, 320/22, 320/59, 307/66, 361/139, 361/145, 335/290
• US Class Current: 320/164
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0031 using battery or load disconnect circuits H02J9/002 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 9/062 for AC powered loads
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/30 Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/20 End-user application control systems
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 320/13 Fault detection

Abstract

A power circuit has an AC portion connected with a main AC source and a DC source portion including a magnet and battery constantly connected in parallel. Back-to-back SCRs control a rectifier between the AC and DC portions. A DC control circuit includes a pulse transformer controlled by a capacitor charged by DC pulses at a rate controlled by a manual setting. Upon discharge, the capacitor energizes the pulse transformer and thus turns ON the magnet and battery. Upon disconnecting the load, the battery is automatically charged at about 4 amperes. Safe and unsafe indicators are connected across the battery, and upon drop of battery charge, digital control elements in the control circuit control those indicators to correspondingly indicate safe or unsafe conditions.

Claims

1. Apparatus for charging and controlling a standby battery in circuitry receiving AC from a main power source, the circuitry including a power circuit and a control circuit, the power circuit including an electromagnet and the battery, comprising,

a power rectifier in the power circuit for rectifying AC from the main source to DC,

circuit means in the power circuit connecting the battery in parallel with the rectified DC from the main source and in parallel with the electromagnet,

back-to-back SCRs in the power circuit controlling the AC to the power rectifier,

a control transformer having a primary connected with the AC in the main source and a secondary in the control circuity,

a control rectifier connected with the secondary of the control transformer,

a pulse transformer having a primary connected with the output of the control rectifier and secondaries connected with respective SCR'"'"'s for energizing the battery, and

first control means for measuring the current in the electromagnet and controlling the pulse transformer and thereby the SCR'"'"'s and the current to the electromagnet,

the battery remaining in operable connection with the electromagnet upon interruption for the main AC source.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein,

said control means includes a capacitor capable, upon discharge thereof, of controlling the pulse transformer,

the apparatus including a potentiometer for controlling the rate of charging the capacitor, and

the apparatus includes second control means for sensing the current in the electromagnet for controlling the rate of charging of the capacitor independently of said potentiometer.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein,

the power circuit includes a plurality of signal means connected in parallel with each other and in parallel with the battery, and thereby operable independently of the main power source, and

relay means for controlling the respective signal means individually, the relay means being operably controlled by the power circuit and control circuit respectively.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1 and including,

unsafe signal means in parallel with the battery,

voltage drop responsive means between the electromagnet and the battery, and

means responsive to voltage drop of predetermined value through the voltage drop responsive means for actuating said unsafe signal means.

5. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein,

the power circuit contains the battery and electromagnet constantly in connection, and

the power circuit includes means operable, in response to energization of the AC power source, for

charging voltage of predetermined value on the magnet, and for simultaneously therewith producing a trickle current on the battery.

6. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein,

the control circuit includes a DC portion and a pulse transformer therein,

said DC portion includes trigger means for triggering the pulse transformer, the trigger means including a capacitor,

the control circuit including a potentiometer for controlling the charging of the capacitor at a predetermined first rate, and

means responsive to the current in the electromagnet for controlling the charging of said capacitor at a rate faster than said first rate, independently of said potentiometer.

7. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein,

the power circuit includes common disconnect switch means, actuated by common means, having switching elements in the AC and a switching element in series with the battery.

8. Apparatus according to claim 3 wherein,

one of said signal means being a "safe" signal means, and

the power circuit includes control means responsive to energization of the power circuit for energizing said one signal means.

9. Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein,

the control circuit includes a DC portion and the pulse transformer is in that DC portion, and

the control circuit includes rectifier means operable for producing pulse in response to and corresponding to AC cycles for triggering the capacitor and discharging it and thereby controlling the pulse transformer and in turn thereby controlling the SCRs.

10. Apparatus according to claim 9 wherein,

the power circuit includes signal means in the DC in parallel with the battery, and

the power circuit includes relay means responsive to the AC and operable thereby for controlling said signal means.

11. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein, the control circuit includes

(a) a DC portion incorporating the pulse transformer,

(b) a capacitor in the DC portion, capable of discharging upon reaching a predetermined level of charge,

(c) means operable upon discharge of the capacitor for imposing current control pulses therefrom on the pulse transformer,

the level of the charge on the capacitor predetermining the time period of the current pulse therefrom, and

the current control pulses energizing the pulse transformer, and the pulse transformer, when energized, energizing the SCRs, both respectively throughout the length of the pulses.

12. Apparatus according to claim 11 wherein,

the control circuit is operable for producing DC pulses on the capacitor at predetermined values whereby to charge the capacitor to said predetermined level at corresponding time periods, and energize the SCRs and electromagnet during corresponding time periods.

13. Apparatus according to claim 11 and including,

means including voltage drop responsive means responsive to the level of the battery charge for energizing the pulse transformer and thereby the control SCRs and producing a cycle of charging the battery, and

said last means is operable for terminating the charging cycle in response to the charge on the battery reaching said predetermined level.

14. Apparatus according to claim 12 and including,

first control means for predetermining the time periods to the DC pulses.

15. Apparatus according to claim 14 and including,

means responsive to energization of the electromagnet and including voltage drop responsive means for charging the capacitor at a faster rate than as controlled by, and independently of, said first control means, and

said last means being rendered inactive in response to de-energizing of the electromagnet.

16. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein,

an unsafe indicator is connected in parallel with the battery,

the control circuit includes a first DC portion incorporating a solid state relay,

a second relay is incorporated in series with the solid state relay for retaining said unsafe indicator in OFF condition, and

means responsive to the battery charge falling below a predetermined level operable for de-energizing the solid state relay and thereby enabling the unsafe indicator.

17. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein,

an unsafe indicator is connected in parallel with the battery,

the control circuit includes a first DC portion incorporating a solid state relay,

a second relay is incorporated in series with the solid state relay for retaining said unsafe indicator in OFF condition, and

means responsive to the value of the current to the electromagnet and battery increasing above a predetermined level operable for de-energizing the solid state relay and thereby enabling the unsafe indicator.

18. Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein,

an unsafe indicator is connected in parallel with the battery,

the power circuit includes a relay in the AC portion thereof, and

the relay includes NC contacts in series with the unsafe indicator,

whereby in response to failure of the AC, the relay becomes de-energized, the contacts close and the unsafe indicator becomes connected with and is energized by the battery.