Biosensor and method of quantitative analysis using the same

• US 5,332,479 A
• Filed: 05/15/1992
• Issued: 07/26/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 05/17/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Company Limited
• Original Assignee: Kyoto Daiichi Kagaku Company Limited
• Inventors: Okuda, Hisashi, Uenoyama, Harumi
• Primary Examiner(s): Niebling, John
• Assistant Examiner(s): Bell, Bruce F.
• Application Number:
  US07/883,367
• Time in Patent Office: 802 Days
• Field of Search: 204/403, 204/153.12, 204/415
• US Class Current: 205/777.5
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/004 mediator-assisted
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 435/817 Enzyme or microbe electrode

Abstract

A biosensor which electrochemically detects a material which relates to a reaction of a specific compound in a liquid sample with a biologically active substance or its related substance, in which the biologically active material or an optionally used mediator is placed at a part which is remote from a position of an electrode which acts as electrochemical detector means, and optionally the biological active material or the mediator is covered with a polymer layer.

Claims

1. A method for the quantitative analysis of a material comprising:

(a) providing a biosensor comprising a pair of electrodes, a mediator, and a biologically active material located at a distance from one of said electrodes, wherein the said biologically active material is impregnated into an absorbing material, and dried, and wherein said absorbing material containing said dried biologically active material is placed at a distance from said electrode;

(b) supplying a liquid sample of said material, comprising the object substance to be analyzed and an interfering substance, to said biosensor;

(c) reading a first electrochemical signal from said electrode within a time period to allow said mediator to react with said interfering substance and the product of that reactions to reach said electrode, but time period being short enough that a reaction product of said biologically active material and said object substance does not reach said electrode;

(d) reading a second electrochemical signal from said electrode after a time period to allow said reaction product of said biologically active material and said object substance to reach said electrode;

(e) determining a concentration of said interfering substance from said first electrochemical signal, and a combined concentration of said interfering substance and said reaction product from said second electrochemical signal;

(f) subtracting said concentration of said interfering substance from said combined concentration of said interfering substance and said reaction product; and

(g) obtaining thereby a concentration of said object substance.

2. A method for the quantitative analysis of a material comprising:

(a) providing a biosensor comprising a pair of electrodes, a mediator, and a biologically active material located at a distance from one of said electrodes, wherein said biologically active material is impregnated into an absorbing material, and dried, and wherein said absorbing material containing said dried biologically active material is placed at a distance from said electrode;

(b) supplying a liquid sample of said material, comprising the object substance to be analyzed and an interfering substance, to said biosensor;

(c) reading a first electrochemical signal from said electrode within a time period to allow said mediator to react with said interfering substance and the product of that reaction to reach said electrode, but time period being short enough that a reaction product of said biologically active material and said object substance does not reach said electrode;

(d) reading a second electrochemical signal from said electrode after a time period to allow said reaction product of said biologically active material and said object substance to reach said electrode;

(e) determining a concentration of said interfering substance from said first electrochemical signal, and a combined concentration of said interfering substance and said reaction product from said second electrochemical signal;

(f) subtracting said concentration of said interfering substance from said combined concentration of said interfering substance and said reaction product; and

(g) obtaining thereby a concentration of said object substance.