Priming system

• US 5,334,315 A
• Filed: 01/17/1992
• Issued: 08/02/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 01/17/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Pall Corporation (Danaher Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Pall Corporation (Danaher Corporation)
• Inventors: Bormann, Thomas J., Matkovich, Vlado I., DelGiacco, Gerard R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Spear, Frank
• Application Number:
  US07/824,788
• Time in Patent Office: 928 Days
• Field of Search: 55/158, 435/1, 604/48, 604/35, 210/641, 210/436, 210/472, 210/104, 210/254, 210/651, 60/288, 60/667
• US Class Current: 210/641
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3643 Priming, rinsing before or after use
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3644 Mode of operation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3646 Expelling the residual body fluid after use, e.g. back to the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3647 with recirculation of the priming solution
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2202/0464 Cerebrospinal fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 27/006 Cerebrospinal drainage; Accessories therefor, e.g. valves
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 19/0068 General arrangements, e.g. flowsheets B01D19/0063 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 65/00 Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes

Abstract

Processes and systems and methods for priming a fluid processing apparatus and for treating a fluid are disclosed.

Claims

1. A method for priming a fluid processing apparatus comprising:

passing a priming fluid through a bypass connected in parallel with an unprimed fluid treatment element including at least one porous medium;

venting gas from the fluid processing apparatus through a gas outlet comprising a porous element; and

passing the priming fluid through the fluid treatment element and the porous medium.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein venting gas from the fluid processing apparatus comprises passing the gas displaced by the priming fluid in the bypass through the gas outlet.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein venting gas from the fluid processing apparatus comprises passing the gas displaced by the priming fluid in the fluid treatment element through the gas outlet.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein venting gas from the fluid processing apparatus comprises passing the gas displaced by the priming fluid in the bypass through a first gas outlet, and passing the gas displaced by the priming fluid in the fluid treatment element through a second gas outlet.

5. The method of claim 1 further comprising treating a fluid by passing it through the primed bypass and then the primed fluid treatment element.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein treating the fluid further comprises withdrawing the fluid from a patient and introducing the treated fluid back into the patient.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein withdrawing fluid from a patient comprises withdrawing cerebrospinal fluid.

8. The method of claim 1 comprising venting gas through a gas outlet comprising a bacterial blocking membrane.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein priming the apparatus includes creating a pressure differential sufficient to allow priming fluid to flow through the apparatus.

10. The method of claim 9 comprising creating a pressure differential utilizing a flexible differential pressure generator.

11. The method of claim 9 comprising creating a pressure differential utilizing a non-flexible differential pressure generator.

12. A method of depleting a deleterious or undesirable substance from a patient'"'"'s fluid comprising:

passing a priming fluid through a bypass connected in parallel with an unprimed fluid treatment element,

wherein the fluid treatment element includes at least one porous medium suitable for removing a deleterious or undesirable substance from the patient'"'"'s fluid;

exhausting the gas displaced by the priming fluid through a vent;

passing the priming fluid through the fluid treatment element;

withdrawing a fluid containing a deleterious or undesirable substance from a patient through the primed bypass; and

then passing the patient'"'"'s fluid through the primed fluid treatment element to deplete the deleterious or undesirable substance from the fluid.

13. The method of claim 12 further comprising introducing the depleted fluid into the patient.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein withdrawing a fluid containing a deleterious or undesirable substance from a patient through the primed bypass and passing the patient'"'"'s fluid through the primed fluid treatment element to deplete the deleterious or undesirable substance from the fluid comprises withdrawing cerebrospinal fluid from a patient through the primed bypass and passing it through the primed fluid treatment element.

15. The method of claim 14 further comprising introducing the depleted cerebrospinal fluid into the patient.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein introducing the depleted cerebrospinal fluid into the patient comprises introducing the cerebrospinal fluid depleted of the deleterious or undesirable substance associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome.

17. The method of claim 12 wherein exhausting the gas through the vent comprises passing gas through a gas outlet including a porous element.

18. A fluid processing device comprising:

a fluid treatment element, which includes a porous medium;

a bypass assembly connected in parallel with the fluid treatment element through a first junction and a second junction;

a syringe in fluid communication with the second junction; and

a gas outlet, which includes a bacterial barrier membrane, in fluid communication with the syringe through a vent junction.

19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein the porous medium comprises a membrane.

20. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein the membrane has a surface area in the range of from about 15 to about 300 cm².

21. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein the membrane has a thickness in the range of from about 0.1 to about 1 mm.

22. The apparatus of claim 19 wherein the membrane has a pore rating in the range of about 0.04 to about 0.45 micrometers.

23. The device of claim 18 wherein the second junction includes a dual check valve, which allows fluid flow through the bypass to the syringe and from the syringe to the fluid treatment element and resists fluid flow backward through the bypass.

24. The device of claim 18 wherein the bacterial barrier membrane includes a liquophobic polyamide membrane.

25. The device of claim 18 wherein the porous medium includes a microporous membrane.

26. The device of claim 18 wherein the first junction includes a three-way valve and a connector;

the second junction includes a dual check valve, which allows fluid flow through the bypass to the syringe and from the syringe to the fluid treatment element and resists fluid flow backward through the bypass;

the vent junction includes a three-way valve connected to the second junction by a flexible tube;

the porous medium comprises a microporous polyamide membrane; and

the bacterial barrier membrane comprises a liquophobic polyamide membrane having a pore rating of about 0.2 micrometer.

27. The device of claim 18 wherein the fluid treatment element includes an inlet and an outlet, with the porous medium across the fluid flow path between the inlet and the outlet.

28. The device of claim 27 wherein the porous medium comprises a pleated medium.

29. A method for processing cerebrospinal fluid comprising:

passing a priming fluid through a bypass connected in parallel with an unprimed fluid treatment element including at least one porous medium;

venting gas;

passing the priming fluid through the porous medium of the fluid treatment element; and

passing cerebrospinal fluid through the bypass and then through the primed porous medium to treat the cerebrospinal fluid.

30. The method of claim 29 wherein passing the priming fluid through the bypass comprises passing the priming fluid through a first junction, a conduit, and then a second junction to bypass the fluid treatment element;

and,

wherein passing the priming fluid through the unprimed fluid treatment element comprises passing the priming fluid through the second junction and then the first junction to prime the fluid treatment element.

31. The method of claim 30 wherein passing the cerebrospinal fluid through the bypass and the primed porous medium comprises passing the cerebrospinal fluid through the first junction, the conduit, and the second junction to bypass the fluid treatment element, and then passing the cerebrospinal fluid through the second junction, the primed porous medium, and the first junction.

32. The method of claim 30 including passing priming fluid from a container through the bypass and then through the porous medium of the fluid treatment element back into the container to prime the fluid treatment element.

33. The method of claim 32 wherein venting gas comprises passing the gas through a gas outlet including a bacterial blocking membrane.