Control system for an air conditioning/refrigeration system

• US 5,335,507 A
• Filed: 11/12/1993
• Issued: 08/09/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 03/04/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Ecoair Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Ecoair Incorporated
• Inventors: Powell, James W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Tanner, Harry B.
• Application Number:
  US08/152,287
• Time in Patent Office: 270 Days
• Field of Search: 62/126, 62/125, 62/127, 62/129, 62/230, 62/228.4, 361/22
• US Class Current: 62/129
• CPC Class Codes: F04D 27/0261 by varying driving speed
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 1/00 Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/00 Control or safety arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/30 for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/32 Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/46 Improving electric energy efficiency or saving
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/64 using pre-stored data
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/84 using valves
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/86 by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 11/871 by controlling outdoor fans
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2110/10 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2140/00 Control inputs relating to system states
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2140/12 Heat-exchange fluid pressure
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2140/50 Load
• CPC Class Codes: F24F 2221/56 Cooling being a secondary aspect
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2600/021 Inverters therefor
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2600/21 Refrigerant outlet evaporator temperature
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 41/34 with the valve member being actuated by electric means, e.g. by piezoelectric actuators
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 49/022 Compressor control arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 30/70 Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

A microprocessor-based air conditioning/refrigeration control system adapted for use with a variable speed compressor measures acceleration of the compressor and the temperature or pressure of the refrigerant exiting therefrom, determines the rate of change of the temperature or pressure of the refrigerant, and decreases acceleration of the compressor if the rate of change of the temperature or pressure of the working fluid indicates surging of the compressor. Superheat of the refrigerant is maintained at a first predefined level while the compressor is operating at constant speed and is increased to a second, higher predefined level while the compressor is accelerating. The system is able to diagnose deterioration of the compressor by measuring and comparing power input to the compressor and rate of change of temperature or pressure of the refrigerant at the compressor between initial and subsequent periods, and differentiate between deterioration of a drive component or a pressurizing component of the compressor.

Claims

1. A method of monitoring a variable speed centrifugal compressor in a refrigeration system having a working fluid, comprising:

a) during an initiation period, accelerating rotation of said compressor while;

i) measuring the acceleration of said compressor;

ii) measuring power input to said compressor; and

iii) measuring rate of change of temperature or pressure of the working fluid at said compressor;

b) repeating step (a) to assemble a plurality of said measurements;

c) storing said acceleration, power input and working fluid rate of change of temperature or pressure measurements during said initiation period;

d) subsequent to said initiation period, accelerating rotation of said compressor while;

i) measuring the acceleration of said compressor;

ii) measuring power input to said compressor; and

iii) measuring rate of change of temperature or pressure of the working fluid at said compressor; and

e) determining all indication of deterioration of said compressor by comparing said acceleration, power input and working fluid rate of change of temperature or pressure measurements during said subsequent period with said acceleration, power input and working fluid rate of change of temperature or pressure measurements during said initiation period.

2. The method of claim 1 further including the step of signalling deterioration of a drive component of said compressor if, in step (e) , the power input to said compressor in said subsequent period increases by a predetermined amount over the power input in said initiation period while the acceleration and working fluid rate of change of temperature or pressure measurements remain constant between said periods.

3. The method of claim 1 further including the step of signalling deterioration of a pressurizing component of said compressor if, in step (e), the rate of change of temperature or pressure of said working fluid in said subsequent period decreases by a predetermined amount over the rate of change of temperature of said working fluid in said initiation period while the compressor acceleration remains constant between said periods.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein said compressor is driven by an electrically powered motor and wherein said power input to said compressor in steps (a)(ii) and (d)(ii) is measured by the level of electric power input to said motor.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein, following a determination of deterioration of said compressor, steps (a)-(c) are repeated in a new initiation period and steps (d) and (e) are repeated to determine an indication of deterioration of said compressor from said new initiation period.

6. Apparatus for monitoring a variable speed centrifugal compressor in a refrigeration system having a working fluid, comprising:

a sensor for measuring the acceleration of said compressor;

a sensor for measuring power input to said compressor;

a sensor for measuring rate of change of temperature or pressure of the working fluid at said compressor; and

a microprocessor control for storing acceleration, power input and working fluid rate of change of temperature or pressure measurements during an initiation period and determining an indication of deterioration of said compressor by comparing acceleration, power input and working fluid rate of change of temperature or pressure measurements during a subsequent period with said acceleration, power input and working fluid rate of change of temperature or pressure measurements during said initiation period.