Apparatus for actively reducing noise for interior of enclosed space

• US 5,337,365 A
• Filed: 08/27/1992
• Issued: 08/09/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 08/30/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd., Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Original Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd., Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
• Inventors: Muraoka, Kenichiro, Doi, Kazuhiro, Hamabe, Tsutomu, Kinoshita, Akio, Sato, Noriharu
• Primary Examiner(s): Kuntz, Curtis
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kelly, Mark D.
• Application Number:
  US07/935,100
• Time in Patent Office: 712 Days
• Field of Search: 381/71, 381/94
• US Class Current: 381/71.12
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17821 characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17825 Error signals
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17835 using detection of abnormal input signals
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17854 the filter being an adaptive filter
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 11/17883 the reference signal being derived from a machine operating condition, e.g. engine RPM or vehicle speed
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/121 Rotating machines, e.g. engines, turbines, motors; Periodic or quasi-periodic signals in general
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/1282 Automobiles
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/3046 Multiple acoustic inputs, multiple acoustic outputs
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/3221 Headrests, seats or the like, for personal ANC systems
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/502 Ageing, e.g. of the control system
• CPC Class Codes: G10K 2210/503 Diagnostics; Stability; Alarms; Failsafe

Abstract

An apparatus for reducing noise for an interior of enclosed space, e.g., a vehicular compartment using an FIR adaptive digital filter is disclosed in which a control circuit is provided which outputs drive signals to a plurality of loud speakers which generate control sounds to interfer with a noise sound propagated in the interior so that a performance function including terms of residual noise signals output from residual noise signal detecting microphones and drive signals to the loud speakers is minimized and contributivity of the drive signals to the performance function is changed according to an occurrence of divergence in the noise reducing apparatus.

Claims

1. An apparatus for actively reducing noise for an interior of enclosed space, comprising:

a) control sound source means for generating a control sound, to interfere with the noise according to a drive signal input thereto, so as to reduce the noise propagated into the interior of enclosed space at an evaluating area in the interior of enclosed space at which a degree of a residual noise sound is evaluated;

b) residual noise detecting means for detecting the residual noise sound at a predetermined area of the interior of the enclosed space after the noise interference is carried out by the control sound source means and outputting the detected residual noise sound as a residual noise signal;

c) reference signal detecting means for detecting a signal related to a noise source and processing the detected signal as a reference signal;

d) controlling means for outputting the drive signal to said control sound source means on the basis of the output residual noise signal of said residual noise detecting means, the reference signal of said reference signal detecting means, and the drive signal output from the controlling means itself to the control sound source so that a performance function is minimized, said performance function being established thereby on the basis of the output residual noise signal of said residual noise detecting means and the drive signal output to said control sound source means;

e) changing means for directly changing a contributivity of the drive signal to the performance function, and further including divergence detecting means for predictively monitoring whether a divergence of control sound derived from said control sound source means occurs at the evaluating area and wherein said changing means changes the contributivity of the drive signal to the performance function according to a result of the monitoring by said divergence detecting means.

2. An apparatus for actively reducing noise for an interior of enclosed space as set forth in claim 1, wherein said changing means includes a variable effort coefficient by which a term of the control sound source means drive signal in the performance function is multiplied.

3. An apparatus for actively reducing noise for an interior of enclosed space as set forth in claim 1, which further includes a manually operable switch and wherein said changing means changes the contributivity of the drive signal output to said control sound source means to the performance function in response to an ON state of the manually operable switch.

4. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 1, wherein said controlling means includes an FIR digital adaptive filter having variable filter coefficients and outputting the drive signals y_m (n-J) to said M numbers of loud speakers as follows:

##EQU1## wherein y_m (n) denotes the drive signal output to the m number loud speaker at a sampling time of n, W_mi denotes an i number filter coefficient of the FIR digital adaptive filter, I denotes a number of taps of the FIR adaptive filter ( i=0, 1,- - -, I-1).

5. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 4, wherein said control means establishes the performance function Jm as follows:

##EQU2## wherein E denotes an expectation value and β

_m denotes an effort coefficient.

6. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 5, wherein said filter coefficient W_mi (n) of the FIR digital adaptive filter is updated using a steepest descent method as follows:

##EQU3## wherein α

denotes a convergence coefficient β

is an effort coefficient and R_lm (n-i) is expressed as follows;

##EQU4##

7. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 6, wherein said effort coefficient β

is expressed as k and wherein k is one of 2α and

α

.

8. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 7, wherein α

is expressed as one of the expressions α

_mi so that the convergence coefficient α

varies according to loud speaker number m and α

l so that the convergence coefficient α

varies according to microphone number l.

9. An apparatus for actively reducing noise for an interior of enclosed space, comprising:

a) control sound source means for generating a control sound, to interfere with the noise according to a drive signal input thereto, so as to reduce the noise propagated into the interior of enclosed space at an evaluating area in the interior of enclosed space at which a degree of a residual noise sound is evaluated;

b) residual noise detecting means for detecting the residual noise sound at a predetermined area of the interior of the enclosed space after the noise interference is carried out by the control sound source means and outputting the detected residual noise sound as a residual noise signal;

c) reference signal detecting means for detecting a signal related to a noise source and processing the detected signal as a reference signal;

d) controlling means for outputting the drive signal to said control sound source means on the basis of the output residual noise signal of said residual noise detecting means and the reference signal of said reference signal detecting means so that a performance function is minimized, said performance function being established thereby on the basis of the output residual noise signal of said residual noise detecting means and the drive signal output to said control sound source means and including a term of the drive signal output to said control sound source means multiplied by an effort coefficient; and

e) changing means for directly changing the effort coefficient so that a contributivity of the drive signal means to the performance function is varied, and further including divergence detecting means for predictively monitoring whether a divergence of control sound derived from said control sound source means occurs at the evaluating area and wherein said changing means changes the contributivity of the drive signal to the performance function according to a result of the monitoring by said divergence detecting means.

10. An apparatus for actively reducing noise for an interior of enclosed space as set forth in claim 9, wherein said changing means enlarges the contributivity of the drive signal output to said control sound source means to the performance function on the basis of the output divergence signal of said divergence detecting means.

11. An apparatus for actively reducing noise for an interior of enclosed space as set forth in claim 10, wherein said changing means enlarges the effort coefficient on the basis of the output divergence signal of said divergence detecting means.

12. An apparatus for actively reducing noise for an interior of enclosed space as set forth in claim 11, wherein said changing means enlarges the contributivity of the drive signal output to said control sound source means to the performance function according to a number of times the divergence signals of the divergence detecting means are output.

13. An apparatus for actively reducing noise for an interior of enclosed space as set forth in claim 12, wherein said changing means enlarges the effort coefficient according to the number of times the divergence signals of the divergence detecting means are output.

14. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment, comprising:

a) an electrical-acoustic transducer which generates a control sound, to interfere with the noise sound in response to a drive signal input thereto, to be interfered with the noise sound in response to a drive signal so as to reduce the noise sound at respective evaluating points of location in the vehicular compartment;

b) an acoustic-electrical transducer which detects a residual noise at predetermined positions of the vehicular compartment after the interference of the control sound with the noise sound by said electrical-acoustic transducer and output a residual noise signal indicating the detected residual noise;

c) detecting means for detecting a signal related to a noise generating state from a vehicular noise source and outputting a discrete reference signal indicating the signal related to the noise generating state;

d) controlling means for establishing an performance function on the basis of the residual noise signal and transducer drive signal and for outputting the drive signal to said electrical-acoustic transducer so that the performance function is minimized on the basis of the residual noise signal of said acoustic-electrical transducer, the reference signal of said detecting means, and, furthermore, the electrical-acoustic transducer drive signal;

e) divergence detecting means for detecting an occurrence of divergence of the control sounds at evaluating points of location and outputting a divergence indicative signal whenever the divergence occurs; and

f) contributivity changing means for changing a contributivity of the electrical-acoustic transducer drive signal to the performance function in response to the divergence indicative signal derived from said divergence detecting means.

15. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 14, wherein said electrical-acoustic transducer comprises M numbers of loud speakers installed on respective door portions of the vehicular compartment so as to face toward vehicular occupant seats and said acoustic-electrical transducer comprises L numbers of microphones installed at respective head rest portions of the vehicular occupant seats as evaluating points of locations, and said signal detecting means comprises a crank angle sensor for outputting the reference signal x whenever an engine crankshaft has rotated through a predetermined angle.

16. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 14, wherein said electrical-acoustic transducer comprises M numbers of loud speakers installed on respective predetermined positions of the vehicular compartment which are adjacent to the vehicular noise source and said acoustic-electrical transducer comprises L numbers of microphones installed at respective evaluating points of locations which are adjacent to ears portions of occupants when the occupants take corresponding seats of the vehicular compartment, and said signal detecting means comprises a crank angle sensor for outputting the reference signal x whenever an engine crankshaft has rotated through a predetermined angle.

17. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 16, wherein the residual noise signal e_l (n) detected by an l-th microphone is expressed as follows:

##EQU5## wherein d(n) denotes the residual noise signal detected by the l-th microphone when the control sound derived from any one of the M loud speakers is not present, y_m (n-j) denotes the drive signal output to the m-th loudspeaker at a sampling time of (n-j), and c_lmj denotes a filter coefficient corresponding to a j-th (i=0, 1, - - -, J-1) transfer function H_lm between the m-th loud speaker and the l-th microphone.

18. An apparatus for actively reducing a noise for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 15, wherein said divergence detecting means calculates the following:

##EQU6## determines whether ##EQU7## wherein E₀ denotes a predetermined value, determines whether a number of times [M] the occurrence of ##EQU8## exceeds a predetermined number of times [M₀ ], and outputs the divergence indicative signal when the number of times [M] the occurrence of ##EQU9## exceeds the predetermined number of times [M₀ ].

19. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 18, wherein said effort coefficient β

_m is varied when the divergence indicative signal is output from the divergence detecting means.

20. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 19, wherein

said effort coefficient β

_m is varied in the following way;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">β

.sub.m =β

.sub.m0.sup.[n],

wherein β

_m0 denotes a reference effort coefficient and [n] denotes the number of times the divergence indicative signal is output.

21. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 19, wherein

said effort coefficient β

_m is varied in the following way;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">β

.sub.m =β

.sub.m0 x[n].sup.1/a,

[n] denotes the number of times the divergence indicative signal is output and a is an integer exceeding one.

22. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicle compartment as set forth in claim 19, wherein said effort coefficient β

_m is varied stepwise according to a number of times the divergence indicative signal is output in the following way;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">β

.sub.m =β

.sub.m{n},

wherein {n} denotes the number of times the divergence indicative signal is output.

23. An apparatus for actively reducing noise-sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 19, wherein

said effort coefficient β

_m is varied in the following way so as to be stepwise increased as the number of times n the divergence indicative signal is output is increased;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">β

.sub.m =β

.sub.m[n],

wherein [n] denotes the number of times the divergence indicative signal is output.

24. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 19, wherein

said effort coefficient β

_m is varied in the following way;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">β

.sub.m =β

.sub.m x 1/[n],

wherein [n] denotes the number of times the divergence indicative signal is output.

25. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 19, wherein said divergence detecting means detects a sound pressure level at at least one evaluating point of location and outputs the divergence indicative signal when the sound pressure thereat exceeds a predetermined level and said effort coefficient β

_m is varied when the divergence indicative signal is output.

26. An apparatus for actively reducing noise sound for a vehicular compartment as set forth in claim 19, wherein said effort coefficient β

_m is varied in the following way;

space="preserve" listing-type="equation">β

.sub.m =[n]x β

.sub.m0 +β

.sub.ml,

wherein [n] denotes the number of times the divergence indicative signal is output, β

_m0 denotes a reference effort coefficient, and β

_ml denotes a predetermined fixed value of the effort coefficient.

27. An apparatus for actively reducing noise for an interior of enclosed space, comprising:

a) control sound source means for generating a control sound to interfere with the noise according to a source drive signal input thereto for reducing the noise propagated into the interior of enclosed space at an evaluating area in the interior of enclosed space at which a degree of a residual noise sound is evaluated;

b) residual noise detecting means for detecting the residual noise sound at a predetermined area of the interior of the enclosed space after noise interference is carried out by the control sound source means, said residual noise detecting means outputting the detected residual noise sound as a residual noise signal;

c) reference signal detecting means for detecting a signal related to a noise source and processing the detected signal as a reference signal;

d) controlling means for outputting said source drive signal to said control sound source means, said controlling means operating for minimizing a performance function by generating said source drive signal in response to said residual noise signal outputted by said residual noise detecting means, said reference signal outputted by said reference signal detecting means, and said source drive signal outputted by said controlling means itself, said performance function being established thereby on the basis of said residual noise signal outputted by said residual noise detecting means and said source drive signal outputted to said control sound source means;

e) changing means for changing a contributivity of said source drive signal to said performance function, and

f) divergence detecting means for predictively monitoring whether a divergence of control sound, derived from said control sound source means, occurs at the evaluating area from a state in which the performance function becomes minimized,

g) wherein said changing means is responsive to a monitoring result of said divergence detecting means for changing the contributivity of said drive signal to said performance function.