Biosignal electrode

• US 5,337,748 A
• Filed: 03/10/1992
• Issued: 08/16/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 10/11/1989
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: University of Ulster
• Original Assignee: Eric T. Mcadams, James A. Mclaughlin, John Mcc. Anderson
• Inventors: McAdams, Eric T., McLaughlin, James A., Anderson, John McC.
• Primary Examiner(s): Cohen, Lee S.
• Application Number:
  US07/838,219
• Time in Patent Office: 889 Days
• Field of Search: 128/640, 128/641, 128/798, 128/802, 128/803, 607/149, 607/152, 607/153
• US Class Current: 600/396
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0215 Silver or silver chloride containing
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0217 Electrolyte containing
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/259 using conductive adhesive means, e.g. gels
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7207 of noise induced by motion artifacts

Abstract

A biosignal electrode 10 which comprises a flexible substrate 1 having an obverse side and a reverse side, the obverse side having printed thereon an electrically conductive layer 2 comprising an ink having electrically conductive particles or mixture of particles therein, the layer in plan comprising a first or sensor end 11, a second or connecting end 12 and an interconnecting portion 13, and the sensor end in plan resembling a hollow figure.

Claims

1. A biosignal electrode, comprising:

a flexible substrate having an obverse side and a reverse side, an electrically conductive layer printed on the obverse side and comprising an ink having electrically conductive particles or a mixture of particles therein, the electrically conductive layer in plan view defining a first, sensor end, a second, connecting end, and an interconnecting portion, and means for encouraging a current to flow to peripheral edges of the sensor end, said encouraging means comprising the sensor end in plan view resembling a hollow figure, and the substrate at or near the sensor end being continuous and imperforate.

2. A biosignal electrode as claimed in claim 1 wherein the figure is a curved shaped figure.

3. A biosignal electrode as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the figure is a closed figure.

4. A biosignal electrode as claimed in claim 3 wherein the figure is an annulus.

5. A biosignal electrode as claimed in any of claims 1 or 2 wherein the particles comprise silver or tin.

6. A biosignal electrode as claimed in any of claims 1 or 2 wherein the mixture of particles comprises silver/silver salt or tin/tin salt.

7. An electrode as claimed in any of claim 1 which further comprises an electrolytic gel layer, the conductive layer being interposed between the gel layer and the substrate.

8. An electrode as claimed in claim 7 wherein the electrolytic gel layer is located on the sensor end of the substrate.

9. An electrode as claimed in claim 7 or claim 8 wherein the gel layer is located on the sensor end.

10. An electrode as claimed in any of claim 7 wherein the gel layer comprises a conductive adhesive.

11. An electrode as claimed in claim 7 wherein an electrically insulating layer is located on the connecting end and on the interconnecting portion and is in substantially co-planar relationship relative to the gel layer.

12. An electrode as claimed in any of claim 1 wherein means is provided for enabling an electrical connection to be made between the connection end and monitoring equipment.

13. An electrode as claimed in claim 12 wherein the electrical connection means comprises an electrically conductive snap fastener riveted through the substrate and in electrical communication with the conductive layer.

14. An electrode as claimed in any of claim 1 wherein an adhesive layer is located on the substrate in substantially co-planar relationship relative to the conductive ink layer.

15. An electrode as claimed claim 14 wherein the adhesive layer is located on the obverse side of the sensor end of the substrate within the void of the hollow figure and in substantially co-planar relationship relative to the conductive layer.

16. An electrode as claimed in claim 14 wherein the reverse side has an adhesive element thereon which element extends outwardly relative to the substrate so as to provide an adhesive surface for enabling the electrode to be in dermal contact with a patient.

17. An electrode as claimed in any of claim 16 wherein the connecting end, the interconnecting portion and that part of the adhesive element in register with the connecting end and the intermediate portion are movable relative to the remainder of the adhesive element when in use.

18. An electrode as claimed in claim 1 wherein the substrate is electrically conductive.

19. An electrode as claimed in claim 1 wherein the mixture of particles comprises silver/silver chloride is a ratio of 9:

1 by weight.

20. An electrode as claimed in claim 1 wherein the conductive layer has a thickness of between 5 and 15 microns.

21. An electrode as claimed in claim 1, wherein an outer edge of the sensor end is roughened to increase a perimeter-to-area ratio.