Micromachined sensor device using a beam of light with a frequency swept modulated intensity to activate at least two resonance modes of the sensor element

• US 5,338,929 A
• Filed: 03/02/1993
• Issued: 08/16/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 03/30/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Shell Oil Company (Shell Plc)
• Original Assignee: Shell Oil Company (Shell Plc)
• Inventors: Eigenraam, Peter, Douma, Bindert S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nelms, David C.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Lee, John R.
• Application Number:
  US08/024,995
• Time in Patent Office: 532 Days
• Field of Search: 250/227.11, 250/227.14, 250/227.18, 250/227.19, 250/227.21, 250/227.23, 250/227.27, 250/231.10, 73/651, 73/655, 73/657, 73/777, 73/778, 73/800, 73/862.59
• US Class Current: 250/231.1
• CPC Class Codes: G01L 1/103 optical excitation or measuring of vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: G01L 9/002 Optical excitation or measuring

Abstract

In a method for monitoring strain variations of a strain responsive element of a micromachined sensor device while subjected to outside parameter conditions, at least two oscillation resonance modes of said element are activated and interrogated optically. Thereby correspondingly at least two resonance frequencies are obtained. From parameter/frequency characteristics of said device correspondingly at least two parameter values are derived.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring strain variations of a strain responsive element of a micromachined sensor device, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) irradiating said element by a beam of light with at least frequency swept modulated intensity for activating said element such that at least two oscillation resonance modes are activated subsequently at their resonance frequencies;

(b) determining frequency characteristics of said device when subjected to predefined parameter conditions by measuring the corresponding resonance frequencies of two said resonance modes at said predefined parameter conditions;

(c) determining correspondingly two parameter values for said device by fitting the measured resonance frequencies upon the corresponding frequency characteristics;

(d) subjecting said element to outside parameter conditions; and

(e) detecting the beam of light after being modified correspondingly by said activated element.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensor device is a silicon sensor.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the strain responsive element is a butterfly sensor, which comprises at least two rectangular paddles arranged in line and at their mutually facing short sides connected to each other by means of a hinge, each paddle at its two long sides coupled to a support means by means of at least corresponding two string means, with the paddles, the hinge and the string means extending in the same plane and forming the strain responsive element.

4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said string means exist of a V-formed pair of strings, the V-bottoms of each said pair of strings arranged on said long sides of said paddles , and the V-ends of each said pair of strings arranged on said support means.

5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the sensor device is arranged within a tubular housing which is subjected to said outside parameter conditions transferred to said device through said support means.

6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said support means forms a console-means, the console-means being arranged upon and connected to an end wall of said housing, the end wall operating as a diaphragm for said outside parameter conditions.

7. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said support means are a part of a leverage construction, said construction being connected to the cylindrical wall of said housing for transferring said outside parameter conditions.

8. The method as claimed in claim 5 wherein the beam of light is supplied through an optical fiber.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the beam of light irradiating the butterfly sensor is focussed to a spot upon one of said paddles.

10. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the beam of light irradiating said element also includes a continuous-wave signal component.

11. The method as claimed in claim 8 wherein both pressure and temperature values are determined.

12. The method as claimed in claim 8 wherein pressure and temperature values are determined, respectively between 0 and 2000 bar and 0°

and 350°

C.

13. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein pressure and temperature values are determined, respectively between 35 and 1000 bar and 20°

and 200°

C.

14. The method as claimed in claim 8 wherein pressure and temperature values are determined under borehole conditions.

15. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the M₀₂ and M₀₄ oscillation resonance modes are activated on the butterfly sensor by the beam of light.

16. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the intensity of the beam of light is modulated such that the frequency swept modulated intensity of said beam is swept between 10 and 500 kHz.

17. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the beam of light irradiating the butterfly sensor is focussed to a spot upon one of said paddles, the major part of the spot being localized alongside the hinge.

18. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the beam of light irradiating said element also includes a continuous-wave signal component.

19. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein both pressure and temperature values are determined.

20. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein pressure and temperature values are determined, respectively between 0 and 2000 bar and 0°

and 350°

C.

21. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein pressure and temperature values are determined, respectively between 35 and 1000 bar and 20°

and 200°

C.

22. The method as claimed in claim 15 wherein pressure and temperature values are determined under borehole conditions.

23. An apparatus for monitoring outside parameter conditions, the apparatus comprising:

a micromachined sensor device having a strain responsive element, said strain responsive element responding to strain variations resulting from the varying outside parameter conditions;

a light beam supply means functional for irradiating said element with light;

a frequency oscillator means functional for generating a beam of light with frequency swept modulated intensity in order to activate said element in at least two oscillation resonance modes at their resonance frequencies, whereby the oscillator means supplies the beam supply means with an intensity modulated light beam;

detecting means functional for detecting a modified beam of light, said modified beam being light modified by said activated element;

measuring means functional for measuring the resonance frequencies from said modified beam; and

processing means functional for processing resonance frequency values and deriving therefrom at least correspondingly two outside parameter values.

24. The apparatus as claimed in claim 23, further comprising:

a continuous-wave means functional for generating an additional light beam, said continuous-wave light beam having a different wavelength than said intensity modulated light beam whereby the continuous-wave means supplies the beam supply means with a continuous-wave light beam; and

wherein the detecting means is functional for detecting a modified continuous-wave light beam after the continuous-wave light beam is modified by the activated element.

25. The apparatus as claimed in claim 23, wherein the sensor device is a silicon sensor.

26. The apparatus as claimed in claim 23, wherein the strain responsive element is a butterfly sensor, having at least two rectangular paddles arranged in line and at their mutually facing short sides connected to each other by means of a hinge, each paddle at its two long sides coupled to a support means by means of at least corresponding two string means, with the paddles, the hinge and the string means extending in the same plane and forming the strain responsive element.

27. The apparatus as claimed in claim 23, wherein said string means exist of a V-formed pair of strings, the V-bottoms of each said pair of strings arranged on said long sides of said paddles, and the V-ends of each said pair of strings arranged on said support means.

28. The apparatus as claimed in claim 27, also comprising:

a tubular housing, the sensor device being arranged within the tubular housing whereby the tubular housing is functional to be subjected to the outside parameter conditions whereby the conditions are transferred to the support means of the sensor device through the tubular housing.

29. The apparatus as claimed in claim 28, wherein said support means forms a console-means, the console-means being arranged upon and connected to an end wall of the housing, whereby the end wall operates as a diaphragm for transferring said outside parameter conditions to the element.

30. The apparatus as claimed in claim 29, wherein said support means are a part of a leverage construction, the leverage construction being connected to the cylindrical wall of the tubular housing for transferring said outside parameter conditions to the element.

31. The apparatus as claimed in claim 29 wherein the light beam supply means includes an optical fiber.

32. The apparatus as claimed in claim 29, wherein the light beam supply means includes a means for locating the light irradiating the butterfly sensor whereby the light is focused to a spot upon one of the paddles, the major part of the spot being localized alongside of the hinge.

33. The apparatus as claimed in claim 29 wherein the butterfly sensor is functional to be actuated in vibrational modes M₀₂ and M₀₄ for measuring the resonance frequencies of the modified beam.

34. The apparatus as claimed in claim 33, wherein the frequency oscillator means includes a means for varying the frequency swept modulated intensity of said intensity modulated beam between 10 and 500 kHz.