Charge pump circuit for intermediate voltage between power supply voltage and its double voltage

• US 5,339,236 A
• Filed: 02/24/1993
• Issued: 08/16/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 03/23/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: NEC Corporation
• Original Assignee: NEC Corporation
• Inventors: Tamagawa, Akio
• Primary Examiner(s): Sterrett, Jeffrey L.
• Application Number:
  US08/021,809
• Time in Patent Office: 538 Days
• Field of Search: 363/59, 363/60
• US Class Current: 363/59
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/07 using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode , e.g. charge pumps

Abstract

A charge pump circuit includes a charge supplying capacitor, a constant voltage circuit such as a diode, and first and second switches serially arranged between a power supply terminal V_DD and a ground terminal. When the first and second switches are turned ON, a voltage across the charge supplying capacitor is V_DD -Δ V, where Δ V is a level shift amount produced by the constant voltage circuit. Also, the charge supplying capacitor is associated with third and fourth switches and they are serially arranged between the ground terminal and an output terminal. When the third and fourth switches are turned ON, the voltage across the charge supplying capacitor plus V_DD, i.e., 2 V_DD -Δ V, is transferred to the output terminal.

Claims

1. A charge pump circuit comprising:

first and second power supply terminals;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said first and second power supply terminals, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said first power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said second power supply terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said first and second power supply terminals;

a third switch means connected between said first power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal; and

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said first and second power supply terminals and said output terminal,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means and closing of said third and fourth switch means transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said first terminal to said output terminal, wherein said constant voltage means is interposed between said first switch means and the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor.

2. A charge pump circuit comprising:

first and second power supply terminals;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said first and second power supply terminals, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said first power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said second power supply

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said first and second power supply terminals;

a third switch means connected between said first power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal; and

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said first and second power supply terminals and said output terminal,

wherein closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means and closing of said third and fourth switch means transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said first terminal to said output terminal, wherein said constant voltage means is interposed between said first power supply terminal and said first switch means.

3. A circuit as set forth in claim 2, wherein said constant voltage means comprises one or more serially-connected diodes.

4. A circuit as set forth in claim 3, wherein each of said diodes comprises a PN junction diode.

5. A charge pump circuit comprising:

first and second power supply terminals;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said first and second power supply terminals, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switching means to said first power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said second power supply terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said first and second power supply terminals;

a third switch means connected between said first power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal; and

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said first and second power supply terminals and said output terminals,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means and closing of said third and fourth switch means transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said first terminal to said output terminal, wherein said constant voltage means is interposed between said second switch means and said second power supply terminal.

6. A semiconductor integrated circuit for generating an intermediate voltage between a power supply voltage and a ground voltage, comprising:

a ground terminal for receiving the ground voltage;

a power supply terminal for receiving the power supply voltage;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said ground terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said power supply terminal and said ground terminal;

a third switch means connected between said power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal;

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, and said output terminal;

a clock signal generating circuit, connected to said ground terminal and to said output terminal, for generating a first clock signal for closing said first and second switch means and generating a second clock signal for closing said third and fourth switch means, said first and second clock signals being active when said second and first clock signals are inactive, respectively,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said second clock signal generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means by an inactive state of said first clock signal and closing of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said first clock signal transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said power supply terminal to said output terminal, wherein said clock signal generating circuit comprises a CMIS level shift circuit.

7. A circuit as set forth in claim 6, wherein the power supply voltage is positive, and said CMIS level shift circuit comprises:

two cross-coupled P-channel enhancement type MIS transistors each having a source connected to said output terminal and a drain for generating one of the first and second clock signals;

two N-channel enhancement type MIS transistors each having a drain connected to the drain of a source connected to said ground terminal;

a driving power of said N-channel enhancement type MIS transistors one of said P-channel enhancement type MIS transistors and being larger than that of said P-channel enhancement type MIS transistors; and

an inverter;

a gate of one of said N-channel enhancement type MIS transistors receiving a reference clock signal directly, a gate of the other receiving the reference clock signal via said inverter.

8. A charge pump comprising:

first and second power supply terminals;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said first and second power supply terminals, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said first power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said second power supply terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said first and second power supply terminals;

a third switch means connected between said first power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal; and

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said first and second power supply terminals and said output terminal,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means and closing of said third and fourth switch means transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said first terminal to said output terminal, wherein said constant voltage means comprises one or more serially-connected diodes, and wherein each of said didoes comprises a schottky diode.

9. A charge pump circuit comprising:

first and second power supply terminals;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said first and second power supply terminals, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said first power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said second power supply terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said first and second power supply terminals;

a third switch means connected between said first power supplying terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal; and

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said first and second power supply terminals and said output terminal,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of a said third and fourth switch means generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means and closing of said third and fourth switch means transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said first terminal to said output terminal, wherein said constant voltage means comprises one or more gate-drain-connected enhancement type MIS transistors.

10. A circuit as set forth in claim 9, wherein said MIS transistors are of an N-channel conduction type.

11. A circuit as set forth in claim 9, wherein said MIS transistors are of a P-channel conduction type.

12. A charge pump circuit comprising:

first and second power supply terminals;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said first and second power supply terminals, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said first power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said second power supply terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said first and second power supply terminals;

a third switch means connected between said first power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal; and

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said first and second power supply terminals and said output terminal,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means and closing of said third and fourth switch means transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said first terminal to said output terminal, wherein said constant voltage means comprises;

a source follower formed by an enhancement-type MIS transistor; and

a constant voltage generating means, connected to said source follower, for generating a constant voltage and applying it thereto.

13. A circuit as set forth in claim 12, wherein said constant voltage generating means comprises a voltage divider formed by a series of resistors between said first and second power supply terminals.

14. A semiconductor integrated circuit for generating an intermediate voltage between a power supply voltage and a ground voltage, comprising:

a ground terminal for receiving the ground voltage;

a power supply terminal for receiving the power supply voltage;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said ground terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said power supply terminal and said ground terminal;

a third switch means connected between said power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal;

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, and said output terminal;

a clock signal generating circuit, connected to said ground terminal and to said output terminal, for generating a first clock signal for closing said first and second switch means and generating a second clock signal for closing said third and fourth switch means, said first and second clock signals being active when said second and first clock signals are inactive, respectively,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said second clock signal generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means by an inactive state of said first clock signal and closing of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said first clock signal transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said power supply terminal to said output terminal, wherein said clock signal generating circuit comprises;

a D-type flip-flop powered by the power supply voltage and the ground voltage, having a data input connected to one of two outputs thereof, and a clock input for receiving an external clock signal;

a first AND circuit, powered by the power supply voltage and the ground voltage, having two inputs for receiving the external clock signal and one of the two outputs of said D-type flip-flop, to generate the first clock signal; and

a second AND circuit, powered by the power supply voltage and the ground voltage, having two inputs for recieving the external clock signal and the other of the two inputs of said D-type flip-flop, to generate the second clock signal.

15. A semiconductor integrated circuit for generating an intermediate voltage between a power supply voltage and a ground voltage, comprising:

a ground terminal for receiving the ground voltage;

a power supply terminal for receiving the power supply voltage;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said ground terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said power supply terminal and said ground terminal;

a third switch means connected between said power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal;

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, and said output terminal;

a clock signal generating circuit, connected to said ground terminal and to said output terminal, for generating a first clock signal for closing said first and second switch means and generating a second clock signal for closing said third and fourth switch means, said first and second clock signals being active when said second and first clock signals are inactive, respectively,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means by an inactive state of said second clock signal generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means by an inactive state of said first clock signal and closing of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said first clock signal transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said power supply terminal to said output terminal, wherein each of said first, second, third, and fourth switch means comprises an N-channel enhancement type MIS transistor, and said clock signal generating circuit comprises CMIS transistors.

16. A semiconductor integrated circuit for generating an intermediate voltage between a power supply voltage and a ground voltage, comprising:

a ground terminal for receiving the ground voltage;

a power supply terminal for receiving the power supply voltage;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said ground terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supply capacitor between said power supply terminal and said ground terminal;

a third switch means connected between said power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal;

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, and said output terminal;

a clock signal generating circuit, connected to said ground terminal and to said output terminal, for generating a first clock signal for closing said first and second switch means and generating a second clock signal for closing said third and fourth switch means, said first and second clock signals being active when said second and first clock signals are inactive, respectively,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means by an inactive state of said second clock signal generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means by an inactive state of said first clock signal and closing of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said first clock signal transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said power supply terminal to said output terminal, wherein said constant voltage means is interposed between said power supply terminal and said first switch means.

17. A semiconductor integrated circuit for generating an intermediate voltage between a power supply voltage and a ground voltage, comprising:

a ground material for receiving the ground voltage;

a power supply terminal for receiving the power supply voltage;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said ground terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said power supply terminal and said ground terminal;

a third switch means connected between said power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal;

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, and said output terminal;

PG,43

a clock signal generating circuit, connected to said ground terminal and to said output terminal, for generating a first clock signal for closing said first and second switch means and generating a second clock signal for closing said third and fourth switch means, said first and second clock signals being active when said second and first clock signals are inactive, respectively,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means by an inactive state of said second clock signal generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means by an inactive state of said first clock signal and closing of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said first clock signal transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said power supply terminal to said output terminal, wherein said constant voltage means is interposed between said first switch means and the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor.

18. A semiconductor integrated circuit for generating an intermediate voltage between a power supply voltage and a ground voltage, comprising:

a ground terminal for receiving the ground voltage;

a power supply terminal for receiving the power supply voltage;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said ground terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said power supply terminal and said ground terminal;

a third switch means connected between said power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal;

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, and said output terminal;

a clock signal generating circuit, connected to said ground terminal and to said output terminal, for generating a first clock signal for closing said first and second switch means and generating a second clock signal for closing said third and fourth switch means, said first and second clocks signals being active when said second and first clock signals are inactive, respectively,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said second clock signal generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means by an inactive state of said first clock signal and closing of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said first clock signal transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said power supply terminal to said output terminal,

wherein said constant voltage means comprises one or more serially connected diodes, and wherein each of said diodes comprises a schottky diode.

19. A semiconductor integrated circuit for generating an intermediate voltage between a power supply voltage and a ground voltage, comprising:

a ground terminal for recieving the ground voltage;

a power supply terminal for receiving the power supply voltage;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said ground terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said power supply terminal and said ground terminal;

a third switch means connected between said power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal;

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, and said output terminal;

a clock signal generating circuit, connected to said ground terminal and to said output terminal, for generating a first clock signal for closing said first and second switch means and generating a second clock signal for closing said third and fourth switch means, said first and second clock signals being inactive when said second and first clock signals are inactive, respectively,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means by an inactive state of said second clock signal generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means by an inactive state of said first clock signal and closing of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said first clock signal transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said power supply terminal to said output terminal, wherein said constant voltage means is interposed between said second switch means and said ground terminal.

20. A semiconductor integrated circuit for generating an intermediate voltage between a power supply voltage and a ground voltage, comprising:

a ground terminal for recieving the ground voltage;

a power supply terminal for receiving the power supply voltage;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said ground terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said power supply terminal and said ground terminal;

a third switch means connected between said power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal;

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, and said output terminal;

a clock signal generating circuit, connected to said ground terminal and to said output terminal, for generating a first clock signal for closing said first and second switch means and generating a second clock signal for closing said third and fourth switch means, said first and second clock signals being active when said second and first clock signals are inactive, respectively,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said second clock signal generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means by an inactive state of said first clock signal and closing of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said first clock signal transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said power supply terminal to said output terminal, wherein said constant voltage means comprises;

a source follower formed by an enhancement type MIS transistor; and

a constant voltage generating means, connected to said source follower, for generating a constant voltage and applying it thereto. PG,52

21. A circuit set forth in claim 20, wherein said constant voltage generating means comprises a voltage divider formed by a series of resistors between said power supply terminal and said ground terminal.

22. A semiconductor integrated circuit for generating an intermediate voltage between a power supply voltage and a ground voltage, comprising:

a ground terminal for receiving the power supply voltage;

a power supply terminal for receiving the power supply voltage;

an output terminal;

first and second switch means connected to said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, respectively;

a charge supplying capacitor having a first terminal connected via said first switch means to said power supply terminal and a second terminal connected via said second switch means to said ground terminal;

a constant-voltage means interposed in a circuit formed by said first and second switch means and said charge supplying capacitor between said power supply terminal and said ground terminal;

a third switch means connected between said power supply terminal and the second terminal of said charge supplying capacitor;

a fourth switch means connected between the first terminal of said charge supplying capacitor and said output terminal;

a smoothing capacitor serially connected between one of said power supply terminal and said ground terminal, and said output terminal;

a clock signal generating circuit, connected to said ground terminal and to said output terminal, for generating a first clock signal for closing said first and second switch means and generating a second clock signal for closing said third and fourth switch means, said first and second clock signals being active when said second and first clock signals are inactive, respectively,

whereby closing of said first and second switch means and opening of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said second clock signal generates a voltage across said charge supplying capacitor and subsequently, opening of said first and second switch means by an inactive state of said first clock signal and closing of said third and fourth switch means by an active state of said first clock signal transfers the voltage across said charge supplying capacitor plus a voltage at said power supply terminal to said output terminal, wherein said constant voltage means comprises one or more gate-drain-connected enhancement type MIS transistors.

23. A circuit as set forth in claim 22, wherein said MIS transistors are of an P-channel conduction type.

24. A circuit as set forth in claim 22, wherein said MIS transistors are of an N-channel conduction type.