Power supply circuit with standby arrangement

• US 5,341,085 A
• Filed: 05/27/1993
• Issued: 08/23/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 07/03/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: US Philips Corporation (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Original Assignee: US Philips Corporation (Koninklijke Philips N.V.)
• Inventors: Ettes, Wilhelmus G. M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Stephan, Steven L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): To, E.
• Application Number:
  US08/068,807
• Time in Patent Office: 453 Days
• Field of Search: 323/222, 323/223, 323/282, 323/351
• US Class Current: 323/222
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0032 Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/009 having two or more independently controlled outputs for DC-DC converter with intermediate AC H02M3/33561
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/156 with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A power supply circuit having a standby mode includes an input terminal, an output terminal and a reference terminal. A direct voltage source is connected to the input terminal and the reference terminal and a load is connected to the output terminal and the reference terminal. A series arrangement of an inductive element and a diode are connected to one another at a first node. The inductive element is connected between the input terminal and the first node and the diode is connected between the first node and the output terminal. A first electronic switch has a main current path connected between the first node and the reference terminal. A drive circuit periodically makes the main current path of the first electronic switch conductive and non-conductive. The drive circuit comprises a first switching device for making the main current path of the first electronic switch permanently non-conductive in response to a standby signal (SBS). A second electronic switch has a control electrode and a first and a second main electrode which constitute a main current path connected in parallel with the diode. A second switching device makes the main current path of the second electronic switch permanently conductive in response to the standby signal. In the standby mode the second electronic switch short-circuits the diode whereby more voltage is available at the output terminal.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit comprising:

an input terminal and a reference terminal for connection of a direct voltage source to the input terminal and the reference terminal means for connection of a load to an output terminal and the reference terminal, a series arrangement of an inductive element and a diode connected to one another at a first node with the inductive element connected between the input terminal and the first node and the diode being connected between the first node and the output terminal, a first electronic switch having a main current path connected between the first node and the reference terminal, and a drive circuit for periodically making the main current path of the first electronic switch conductive and non-conductive, characterized in that the drive circuit comprises a first switching device for making the main current path of the first electronic switch permanently non-conductive in response to a standby signal, and a second electronic switch having a control electrode, and a first and a second main electrode which constitute a main current path connected in parallel with at least the diode of the series arrangement of the inductive element and the diode, and a second switching device for making the main current path of the second electronic switch permanently conductive in response to the standby signal.

2. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second electronic switch comprises a MOSFET transistor having a source, a drain and a gate formed in a semiconductor body and respectively corresponding to the first main electrode, the second main electrode and the control electrode of the second electronic switch.

3. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second electronic switch comprises a MOS field effect transistor and the main current path of the second electronic switch is connected between the first node and the output terminal.

4. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 3, wherein comprises a parasitic body-to-drain diode of the MOSFET transistor.

5. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 3 wherein the second switching device comprises:

a first resistor connected to a second node between the control electrode of the second electronic switch and the reference terminal, and a switching transistor having a main current path connected between the output terminal and the second node and having a control electrode arranged to receive the standby signal.

6. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first electronic switch comprises a transistor of a first conductivity type and having a first main electrode connected to the reference terminal, a second main electrode connected to the first node, and a control electrode, wherein the drive circuit comprises:

a second resistor, a second transistor of a second conductivity type opposite to the first conductivity type, a third transistor of the first conductivity type, the second and the third transistor each having a first main electrode, a second main electrode and a control electrode, the second main electrode of the second transistor and the second main electrode of the third transistor being connected to the control electrode of the first transistor, and the first main electrode of the third transistor being connected to the reference terminal, a capacitor connected between the second main electrode of the first transistor and the control electrode of the second transistor, a third resistor connected between the control electrode of the second transistor and the reference terminal, and a reference voltage source connected between the control electrode of the third transistor and the second node, and the first switching device comprises a fourth transistor of the second conductivity type having a main current path connected in series with the second resistor between the input terminal and the first main electrode of the second transistor and having a control electrode arranged to receive the standby signal.

7. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein the first electronic switch comprises a transistor of a first conductivity type and having a first main electrode connected to the reference terminal, a second main electrode connected to the first node, and a control electrode, the drive circuit comprises:

a second resistor, a second transistor of a second conductivity type opposite to the first conductivity type, a third transistor of the first conductivity type, the second and the third transistor each having a first main electrode, a second main electrode and a control electrode, the first main electrode of the second transistor being connected to the input terminal via the second resistor, the second main electrode of the second transistor being connected to the control electrode of the first transistor, and the first main electrode of the third transistor being connected to the reference terminal, a capacitor connected between the second main electrode of the first transistor and the control electrode of the second transistor, a reference voltage source, a voltage divider connected between the second node and the reference terminal and having a tap for supplying a fraction of a voltage difference prevailing between the second node and the reference terminal, a differential amplifier having a first and a second input connected to the tap and the reference voltage source, respectively, and having an output coupled to the control electrode of the third transistor.

8. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 7, wherein the power supply circuit further comprises:

a further output terminal, and a further diode coupled between the second node and the further output terminal.

9. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit further comprises:

an auxiliary voltage terminal and a voltage doubler comprising a bootstrap capacitor, a smoothing capacitor, and a first and a second rectifier diode, the bootstrap capacitor being connected between the first node and a second node, the first rectifier diode being connected between the output terminal and the second node, the second rectifier diode being connected between the second node and the auxiliary voltage terminal, and the smoothing capacitor being connected between the auxiliary voltage terminal and the reference terminal.

10. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main current path of the second electronic switch is connected between the first node and the output terminal and said first and second switching devices are cut-off in response to the standby signal so that said switching devices draw no current from the direct voltage source.

11. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 10 wherein the second switching device comprises:

a first resistor connected to a second node between the control electrode of the second electronic switch and the reference terminal, and a switching transistor having a main current path connected between the output terminal and the second node and having a control electrode arranged to receive the standby signal.

12. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first electronic switch comprises a transistor of a first conductivity type and having a first main electrode connected to the reference terminal, a second main electrode connected to the first node, and a control electrode, wherein the drive circuit comprises:

a first resistor, a second transistor of a second conductivity type opposite to the first conductivity type, a third transistor of the first conductivity type, the second and the third transistor each having a first main electrode, a second main electrode and a control electrode, the second main electrode of the second transistor and the second main electrode of the third transistor being connected to the control electrode of the first transistor, and the first main electrode of the third transistor being connected to the reference terminal, a capacitor connected between the second main electrode of the first transistor and the control electrode of the second transistor, a second resistor connected between the control electrode of the second transistor and the reference terminal, and a reference voltage source connected between the control electrode of the third transistor and a second node connected between the control electrode of the second electronic switch and the reference terminal, and the first switching device comprises a fourth transistor of the second conductivity type having a main current path connected in series with the first resistor between the input terminal and the first main electrode of the second transistor and having a control electrode arranged to receive the standby signal.

13. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first electronic switch comprises a transistor of a first conductivity type and having a first main electrode connected to the reference terminal, a second main electrode connected to the first node, and a control electrode, wherein the drive circuit comprises:

a first resistor, a second transistor of a second conductivity type opposite to the first conductivity type, a third transistor of the first conductivity type, the second and the third transistor each having a first main electrode, a second main electrode and a control electrode, the first main electrode of the second transistor being connected to the input terminal via the first resistor, the second main electrode of the second transistor being connected to the control electrode of the first transistor, and the first main electrode of the third transistor being connected to the reference terminal, a capacitor connected between the second main electrode of the first transistor and the control electrode of the second transistor, a reference voltage source, a second node connected between the control electrode of the second electronic switch and the reference terminal, a voltage divider connected between the second node and the reference terminal and having a tap for supplying a fraction of a voltage difference prevailing between the second node and the reference terminal, a differential amplifier having a first and a second input connected to the tap and to the reference voltage source, respectively, and having an output coupled to the control electrode of the third transistor.

14. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 1 wherein the second switching device comprises:

a first resistor connected to a second node between the control electrode of the second electronic switch and the reference terminal, and a switching transistor having a main current path connected between the output terminal and the second node and having a control electrode arranged to receive the standby signal.

15. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 14, wherein the power supply circuit further comprises:

a further output terminal and a further diode coupled between the second node and the further output terminal.

16. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 14, wherein the power supply circuit further comprises:

an auxiliary voltage terminal and a voltage doubler comprising a bootstrap capacitor, a smoothing capacitor, and a first and a second rectifier diode, the bootstrap capacitor being connected between the first node and a third node, the first rectifier diode being connected between the output terminal and the third node, the second rectifier diode being connected between the third node and the auxiliary voltage terminal, and the smoothing capacitor being connected between the auxiliary voltage terminal and the reference terminal.

17. A power supply circuit having an operating mode and a standby mode, said power supply circuit comprising:

an input terminal and a reference terminal for connection to a source of DC voltage,

an output terminal for connection to a load,

an inductive element and a rectifier element serially connected between the input terminal and the output terminal and with a node therebetween,

a first electronic switch connected between said node and said reference terminal,

a free-running drive circuit for periodically switching the first electronic switch on and off,

a further terminal for a standby signal,

a first controlled switching device having a control electrode coupled to said further terminal and connected in circuit so as to hold the first electronic switch in cut-off so long as a standby signal is present at the further terminal,

a second electronic switch connected in parallel with at least said rectifier element, and

a second controlled switching device having a control electrode coupled to said further terminal and coupled to said second electronic switch to allow it to conduct in response to a standby signal at the further terminal and to cause it to cut-off in the absence of said standby signal at the further terminal.

18. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 17 wherein,

said first electronic switch comprises a first transistor,

said second electronic switch comprises an MOS field effect transistor, and

said drive circuit comprises a second transistor having a control electrode coupled to a first main electrode of the first transistor via a feedback capacitor thereby to form a self-oscillating drive circuit having a constant oscillation frequency.

19. A power supply circuit as claimed .in claim 17 wherein,

said first electronic switch comprises a first transistor,

said drive circuit comprises a second transistor having a control electrode coupled to a first main electrode of the first transistor via a feedback capacitor, and

said first controlled switching device comprises a third transistor coupled between said input terminal and said second transistor.

20. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 17 further comprising;

a resistor having a first terminal coupled to said reference terminal and a second terminal coupled to a second node located between a control electrode of the second electronic switch and the reference terminal, and wherein,

the second controlled switching device comprises a switching transistor coupled between the output terminal and the second node and with its control electrode coupled to said further terminal, and

a second output terminal and a diode coupled between the second node and the second output terminal.

21. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 17 further comprising:

a second output terminal, and

a voltage multiplier circuit coupled between a tap on said inductive element and the second output terminal.

22. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 17 wherein,

said second electronic switch is connected in parallel with the serial combination of the inductive element and the rectifier element,

said source of DC voltage comprises a battery, and

the second electronic switch comprises an MOS field effect transistor.

23. A power supply circuit as claimed in claim 17 wherein,

said first electronic switch comprises a first transistor,

said drive circuit comprises a second transistor having a control electrode coupled to a first main electrode of the first transistor via a feedback capacitor, the power supply circuit further comprising;

means for supplying a reference voltage to the drive circuit that is independent of an output voltage at said output terminal.