Method and apparatus for halftone rendering of a gray scale image using a blue noise mask

• US 5,341,228 A
• Filed: 12/03/1991
• Issued: 08/23/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 12/04/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Research Corporation Technologies
• Original Assignee: Research Corporation Technologies
• Inventors: Mitsa, Theophano, Parker, Kevin J.
• Primary Examiner(s): Coles, Sr., Edward L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): LEE, CHEUKFAN
• Application Number:
  US07/801,921
• Time in Patent Office: 994 Days
• Field of Search: 358/75, 358/78, 358/77, 358/80, 358/465, 358/451, 358/456, 358/457, 358/458, 358/455, 358/447, 358/448, 358/443, 358/534, 358/536, 358/523
• US Class Current: 358/534
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 3/40 Scaling of whole images or parts thereof, e.g. expanding or contracting
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 3/4084 in the transform domain, e.g. fast Fourier transform [FFT] domain scaling
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/40075 Descreening, i.e. converting a halftone signal into a corresponding continuous-tone signal; Rescreening, i.e. combined descreening and halftoning
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/4051 producing a dispersed dots halftone pattern, the dots having substantially the same size different sizes H04N1/4057
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 1/4105 for halftone screened pictures

Abstract

A method of and system for rendering a halftone image of a gray scale image by utilizing a pixel-by-pixel comparison of the gray scale image against a blue noise mask is disclosed in which the gray scale image is scanned on a pixel-by-pixel basis and compared on a pixel-by-pixel basis to an array of corresponding data points contained in a blue noise mask stored in a PROM or computer memory in order to produce the desired halftoned image. Both digital and optically implemented halftone methods are disclosed. Application specific modifications of the blue noise mask as well as its use for producing halftoned color images are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A method for the halftoning of color images, comprising the steps of utilizing, in turn, a pixel-by-pixel comparison of each of a plurality of color planes of said color image against a blue noise mask in which the blue noise mask is comprised of a random non-deterministic, non-white noise single valued function which is designed to provide visually pleasing dot profiles when thresholded at any level of said color images, wherein a plurality of blue noise masks are separately utilized to perform said pixel-by-pixel comparison and in which at least one of said blue noise masks has its pixels shifted by at least one pixel prior to performing said pixel-by-pixel comparison.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said blue noise mask has a maximum size value and wherein a plurality of blue noise masks are separately utilized to perform said pixel-by-pixel comparison and in which at least one of said blue noise masks has its pixels modified by replacing the value of each pixel with a value corresponding to the difference between said maximum size value and the pixel value prior to performing said pixel-by-pixel comparison.

3. A method of halftoning a color image by utilizing a pixel-by-pixel comparison of said color image against a blue noise mask array stored in a first memory, comprising the steps of:

a) scanning said color image to be halftoned to create a plurality of color plane image arrays, said scanning being performed on a pixel-by-pixel basis;

b) storing each of said plurality of color plane image arrays in a second memory;

c) comparing, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the value of each corresponding pixel in said blue noise mask array and each of said plurality of color plane image arrays to produce a plurality of binary color plane image arrays;

d) converting said plurality of binary color plane image arrays to the desired halftoned color image; and

e) producing at least one modified blue noise mask array in addition to said blue noise mask array prior to performing said comparing step;

said at least one modified blue noise mask array being generated by shifting the pixels of said blue noise mask array by at least one pixel position from their position in said blue noise mask array.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein said at least one modified blue noise mask array is compared, on a pixel-by-pixel basis, to the value of each corresponding pixel in at least one of said plurality of color plane image arrays.

5. The method of claim 3, further including the step of producing at least one modified blue noise mask array in addition to said blue noise mask array prior to performing said comparing step;

said at least one modified blue noise mask array having of a predetermined maximum value and being generated by subtracting the value of each pixel of said blue noise mask array from said maximum value to produce said modified blue noise mask array.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein said at least one modified blue noise mask array is independent and uncorrelated with any other blue noise mask array.

7. A method for generating a modified blue noise mask array in which said modified blue noise mask array may be used to generate a more pleasing halftoned image than in a non-modified blue noise mask array, comprising the steps of:

a) reading each of the values of the blue noise mask array to be modified;

b) receiving maximum and minimum predetermined values input by a user;

c) modifying each value of said blue noise mask array using at least one of said maximum and minimum predetermined values and a direct value mapping function;

d) comparing each of said values of said modified blue noise mask array to said maximum predetermined value and replacing said value if it exceeds said maximum predetermined value; and

e) comparing each of said values of said modified blue noise mask array to said minimum predetermined value and replacing said value if it is less than said minimum predetermined value.

8. The method of claim 7, further including the step of storing said modified blue noise mask in a memory.

9. The method of claim 8, further including the step of using said stored modified blue noise mask to halftone an image.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein said maximum and minimum predetermined values input by said user and said direct value mapping function are selected to compensate for characteristics of at least one of printer and display devices used by said user so as to form a more pleasing halftoned image.

11. A method for the halftoning of color images, comprising the steps of utilizing, in turn, a pixel-by-pixel comparison of each of a plurality of color planes of said color image against a blue noise mask in which the blue noise mask is comprised of a random non-deterministic, non-white noise single valued function which is designed to provide visually pleasing dot profiles when thresholded at any level of said color images, wherein a plurality of blue noise masks are separately utilized to perform said pixel-by-pixel comparison and in which at least one of said blue noise masks is independent and uncorrelated with the other blue noise masks.