Real time cardiac arrhythmia stabilizing system

• US 5,342,401 A
• Filed: 08/19/1992
• Issued: 08/30/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 08/19/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Regents of the University of California (University of California), University The Regents of The California
• Original Assignee: Regents of the University of California (University of California)
• Inventors: Ditto, William L., Spano, Mark L., Weiss, James N., Garfinkel, Alan
• Primary Examiner(s): Cohen, Lee S.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Jastrzab, Jeffrey R.
• Application Number:
  US07/930,945
• Time in Patent Office: 741 Days
• Field of Search: 128/419 D, 128/419 PG, 128/702, 364/413.05, 364/413.06, 607/5, 607/9, 607/17
• US Class Current: 607/5
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3621 for treating or preventing abnormally high heart rate
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3702 Physiological parameters A61N1/365 takes precedence; evoked response A61N1/371
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/925 Neural network

Abstract

Electrical stimuli delivered to cardiac tissue at times determined from a chaos stabilizing algorithm, converts arrhythmia activity to periodic beating by an interbeat interval shortening action, utilizing real time calculation based on a system parameter experimentally determined from intervention by the electrical stimuli.

Claims

1. In a method of treating pulsating behavioral activity by monitoring interbeat intervals of said activity to detect a chaos system and intervening to effect a shift in status of the chaos system from movements of system state points along an unstable manifold to movements along a stable manifold, including the steps of:

performing real time calculation during said monitoring of the interbeat intervals to determine changes in the status of the chaos system from data obtained by said monitoring of the interbeat intervals; and

deriving from said real time calculation a waiting time for delaying said intervening in accordance with a chaos behavior controlling algorithm;

said delayed intervening including injecting stimulus pulses causing said shift in the status of the chaos system tending to shorten certain of the interbeat intervals.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said pulsating behavioral activity is associated with living animal tissue to which the stimulus pulse are applied by said step of injecting.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein said living animal tissue is an interventricular system of a rabbit heat that is arterially perfused, and including the step of inducing cardiac arrhythmia in said heat to produce the pulsating behavioral activity.

4. A method of treating cardiac arrhythmia induced in an arterially perfused interventricular system of a rabbit heart, comprising the steps of:

monitoring interbeat intervals of said cardiac arrhythmia to detect a chaos system as movements of system state points along stable and unstable manifolds;

performing real time calculation from data obtained by said monitoring of the interbeat intervals to determine changes in status of the chaos system;

deriving from said real time calculation a waiting time in accordance with a chaos behavior controlling algorithm;

δ

p=C(ξ

_n -ξ

_F)·

fu;

where γ

n is a vector position of the interbeat intervals, ξ

_F is a position of an unstable fixed point of the interbeat intervals, fu is a contravariant eigenvector associated with the unstable manifold and C is a constant of proportionality; and

instituting intervention to effect a shift in status of the chaos system from said movements of the system state points along the unstable manifold to said movements along the stable manifold tending to shorten certain of the interbeat intervals;

including the steps of;

injecting stimulus pulses into the rabbit heart during said interbeat intervals, delayed by said waiting time, to cause said shift in the status of the chaos system; and

experimentally determining a change in a system parameter from change in the interbeat intervals caused by a single one of the stimulus pulses;

said constant of proportionality being equal to ##EQU3## where λ

u is an unstable eigenvalue and g is a change in the position (ξ

_F) of the unstable fixed point relative to said change in the system parameter.

5. A method of treating pulsating behavioral activity by intervention, comprising the steps of:

monitoring interbeat intervals of said activity during a learning phase;

performing real time calculation to detect status changes in a chaotic regime during said learning phase;

determining from said real time calculation a waiting period; and

instituting said intervention upon termination of the waiting period following the learning phase.

6. A method of controlling pulsating activity of living tissue having spontaneous beats, including the steps of:

measuring intervals of said activity;

monitoring variation of said measured interbeat intervals to detect establishment of a chaotic regime;

generating a stimulus pulse;

determining a system parameter of said pulsating activity;

determining a waiting period from an algorithm;

C(ξ

_n -ξ

_F)·

fu;

where ξ

_n is a vector position of the interbeat intervals, ξ

_F is a position of an unstable fixed point of the interbeat intervals, fu is a contravariant eigenvector of the interbeat intervals varying from said fixed point along an unstable manifold and C is a constant of proportionality equal to;

##EQU4## where λ

u is an unstable eigenvalue and g is a change in the position (ξ

_F) of the unstable fixed point relative to change in said system parameter; and

injecting the stimulus pulse into the living tissue delayed by said waiting period following one of the spontaneous beats, whereby the chaotic regime is converted to a substantially constant interbeat interval regime by said injecting of the stimulus pulse.

7. The method of claim 6 including the steps of:

arterially perfusing an interventricular system of a heart as the living tissue and inducing cardiac arrhythmia in said heart as the pulsating activity.

8. A method of controlling pulsating activity of living tissue having spontaneous beats, including the steps of:

measuring interbeat intervals of said activity;

monitoring variation of said measured interbeat intervals to detect establishment of a chaotic regime;

generating a stimulus pulse;

experimentally determining a parameter of said pulsating activity;

performing a real time calculation, based on said parameter, to determine a waiting period following one of said spontaneous beats; and

injecting the stimulus pulse into the living tissue upon completion of said waiting period to convert the chaotic regime to a substantially constant interbeat interval regime.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein said real time calculation is performed in accordance with a chaos behavior controlling algorithm.