Ultra-wideband receiver

• US 5,345,471 A
• Filed: 04/12/1993
• Issued: 09/06/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 04/12/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Lawrence Livermore National Security LLC (Government of the United States of America)
• Original Assignee: Regents of the University of California (University of California)
• Inventors: McEwan, Thomas E.
• Primary Examiner(s): Swann, Tod R.
• Application Number:
  US08/044,745
• Time in Patent Office: 512 Days
• Field of Search: 375/1, 380/34
• US Class Current: 375/130
• CPC Class Codes: G01F 23/284 Electromagnetic waves
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/003 Bistatic radar systems; Multistatic radar systems
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/0209 Systems with very large relative bandwidth, i.e. larger than 10 %, e.g. baseband, pulse, carrier-free, ultrawideband
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/0218 Very long range radars, e.g. surface wave radar, over-the-horizon or ionospheric propagation systems for meteorological use G01S13/95
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/04 Systems determining presence of a target based on relative movement of target G01S13/56
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/103 particularities of the measurement of the distance G01S13/12, G01S13/14, G01S13/16, G01S13/18 and G01S13/20 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/106 using transmission of pulses having some particular characteristics G01S13/12, G01S13/22, G01S13/24, G01S13/26, G01S13/28 and G01S13/30 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/18 wherein range gates are used
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 13/885 for ground probing prospecting or detecting using electromagnetic waves G01V3/12
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/9314 Parking operations
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 2013/9321 Velocity regulation, e.g. cruise control
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/06 Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements G01S5/12 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/285 Receivers
• CPC Class Codes: G01V 3/12 operating with electromagnetic waves operating with millimetre waves G01V8/005
• CPC Class Codes: G08G 1/04 using optical or ultrasonic detectors
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/71637 Receiver aspects H04B1/7183 takes precedence

Abstract

An ultra-wideband (UWB) receiver utilizes a strobed input line with a sampler connected to an amplifier. In a differential configuration, ±UWB inputs are connected to separate antennas or to two halves of a dipole antenna. The two input lines include samplers which are commonly strobed by a gating pulse with a very low duty cycle. In a single ended configuration, only a single strobed input line and sampler is utilized. The samplers integrate, or average, up to 10,000 pulses to achieve high sensitivity and good rejection of uncorrelated signals.

Claims

1. An ultra-wideband (UWB) receiver, comprising:

a differencing amplifier having a pair of inputs;

an input channel connected to one input of the amplifier;

a second input channel connected to the other input of the amplifier;

strobing means connected to both input channels to simultaneously strobe both channels.

2. The UWB receiver of claim 1, wherein each input channel includes an integrating capacitor and a frequency isolating resistor connected in series.

3. The UWB receiver of claim 2, further comprising a second resistor and second capacitor connected in parallel to ground from each amplifier input having an input channel connected thereto.

4. The UWB receiver of claim 2, further comprising a differential transimpedance amplifier in each of the channels between the series integrating capacitor and frequency isolating resistor and the input to the differencing amplifier.

5. The UWB receiver of claim 1, wherein the strobing means is connected to each input channel through a diode.

6. The UWB receiver of claim 1, further comprising a differential transimpedance amplifier in each of the channels.

7. An ultra-wideband (UWB) receiver, comprising:

a differencing amplifier;

at least one input channel connected to one input of the amplifier;

strobing means connected to each input channel;

wherein each input channel includes an integrating capacitor and a frequency isolating resistor connected in series.

8. The UWB receiver of claim 7, comprising a single input channel, wherein the other input of the amplifier is connected to ground.

9. The UWB receiver of claim 7, wherein the strobing means is connected to each input channel through a diode.

10. A differential ultra-wideband (UWB) receiver, comprising:

a positive UWB input line,

a first integrating single ended sampler connected to the positive UWB input line;

a negative UWB input line;

a second integrating single ended sampler connected to the negative UWB input line;

a differential amplifier having its negative input connected to the output of the first sampler and its positive input connected to the output of the second sampler;

a single ended gate pulse generator connected to both samplers to provide a common gating pulse.

11. The UWB receiver of claim 10, wherein the gate pulse generator is connected to each input line through a diode.

12. The UWB receiver of claim 10, wherein the gate pulse generator produces a gating pulse having a pulse width of about 5 ps to 5 ns and a pulse repetition interval of about 100 ns to 100 μ

s.

13. The UWB receiver of claim 10, further comprising a dipole antenna connected to the positive and negative UWB input lines.

14. The UWB receiver of claim 10, wherein the first and second samplers operate at intermediate (IF) or baseband frequencies.

15. The UWB receiver of claim 10, wherein each sampler comprises:

an integrating capacitor;

a frequency isolating resistor;

the capacitor and resistor being connected in series to the positive input of the differential amplifier.

16. The UWB receiver of claim 15, wherein the gate pulse generator is connected to a junction between the integrating capacitor and isolating resistor.

17. The UWB receiver of claim 16, further comprising a diode connected between the gate pulse generator and the junction.

18. The UWB receiver of claim 17, wherein each sampler further comprises:

a resistor connected from the positive input of the differential amplifier to a bias voltage;

an isolation capacitor connected from the positive input of the differential amplifier to ground.

19. A multi-input UWB receiver, comprising:

two or more input lines;

a plurality of differencing amplifiers, each having a positive and negative input, each amplifier being connected at its positive input to a corresponding input line;

a plurality of antennas, one connected to the input of each input line;

a gate pulse line connected to each input line to simultaneously strobe each input line;

a baseband summation line, connected directly to the negative input of one of the amplifiers and to the negative input of the other amplifiers through an impedance.

20. The receiver of claim 19, wherein each input line comprises a series capacitor and resistor, wherein the gate pulse line is connected to the junction therebetween through a diode, and a parallel resistor is connected from the positive input of the amplifier to a bias voltage.