Trocar
First Claim
1. A trocar for placement in the lumen of a cannula to facilitate inserting the cannula through the wall of a body cavity, the trocar comprising:
- a handle,an obturator having a proximal portion and a distal portion with a cutting surface for piercing the wall of the body cavity, and an axis,means mounting said proximal and distal portions for relative angular movement about the axis of the obturator,means for retracting said obturator proximally relative to the cannula as the proximal and distal portions move angularly relative to each other after the cutting surface has at least partially penetrated through the wall of the body cavity, wherein said retracting means comprises axial biasing means for axially biasing said obturator proximally toward a retracted position, andangular biasing means for angularly biasing said proximal portion of the obturator relative to the distal portion.
6 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
A trocar for placement in the lumen of a cannula to facilitate insertion of the cannula through the wall of a body cavity is described. The trocar comprises a handle, an obturator having a proximal portion and a distal portion with a cutting surface for piercing the wall of the body cavity, and an axis. The proximal and distal portions of the obturator are mounted for relative angular movement about the axis of the obturator. A mechanism retracts the obturator proximally relative to the cannula along an axial path as the proximal and distal portions move angularly relative to each other after the cutting surface has at least partially penetrated through the wall of the body cavity. Preferably, the path is free of distal movement of the obturator relative to the cannula.
150 Citations
40 Claims
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1. A trocar for placement in the lumen of a cannula to facilitate inserting the cannula through the wall of a body cavity, the trocar comprising:
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a handle, an obturator having a proximal portion and a distal portion with a cutting surface for piercing the wall of the body cavity, and an axis, means mounting said proximal and distal portions for relative angular movement about the axis of the obturator, means for retracting said obturator proximally relative to the cannula as the proximal and distal portions move angularly relative to each other after the cutting surface has at least partially penetrated through the wall of the body cavity, wherein said retracting means comprises axial biasing means for axially biasing said obturator proximally toward a retracted position, and angular biasing means for angularly biasing said proximal portion of the obturator relative to the distal portion. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
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6. A trocar for facilitating insertion of a cannula through tissue defining a body cavity, such as the abdominal wall of a patient, the cannula having a lumen terminating in a distal end,
said trocar comprising: -
a housing, an obturator extending from said housing, said obturator comprising; a shaft for placement in the lumen of the cannula and cutting surfaces for cutting the tissue, said obturator is elongate and has a longitudinal axis, means mounting the obturator for movement between a tissue cutting position with at least some of the cutting surfaces of the obturator projecting beyond the distal end of the cannula, and a retracted position, and means mounting at least a portion of the obturator for angular movement about said longitudinal axis, retracting means for biasing the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position, a clutch for retaining the obturator in the tissue cutting position against the bias of said retracting means while the tissue is being cut, and for releasing the obturator to allow the retracting means to retract the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position after the trocar has at least partially penetrated the tissue, the clutch including angular biasing means for biasing at least a portion of the obturator and about said longitudinal axis, said retracting means comprising axial biasing means for axially biasing said obturator from said tissue cutting position toward said retracted position. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A trocar for facilitating insertion of a cannula through tissue defining a body cavity, such as the abdominal wall of a patient, the cannula having a lumen terminating in a distal end,
said trocar comprising: -
a housing, an obturator extending from said housing, said obturator comprising; a shaft for placement in the lumen of the cannula and cutting surfaces for cutting the tissue, means mounting the obturator for movement between a tissue cutting position with at least some of the cutting surfaces of the obturator projecting beyond the distal end of the cannula, and a retracted position, retracting means for biasing the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position, a clutch for retaining the obturator in the tissue cutting position against the bias of said retracting means while the tissue is being cut, and for releasing the obturator to allow the retracting means to retract the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position after the trocar has at least partially penetrated the tissue, said obturator is elongate and has a longitudinal axis defining angular displacements, said obturator comprises a proximal portion having a pin, and a distal portion, wherein said trocar includes means mounting said pin for angular movement relative to said distal portion of said obturator between an armed position relative to the longitudinal axis and a release position that is angularly spaced from said armed position, wherein said retracting means retracts the obturator from the tissue cutting position to the retracted position after the pin moves from the armed position toward the release position, wherein; said retracting means comprises axial biasing means for axially biasing said obturator from said tissue cutting position toward said retracted position, and angular biasing means for biasing said pin toward said release position. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13)
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14. A trocar for facilitating insertion of a cannula through tissue defining a body cavity, such as the abdominal wall of a patient, the cannula having a lumen terminating in a distal end,
said trocar comprising: -
a housing, an obturator extending from said housing, said obturator comprising; a shaft for placement in the lumen of the cannula and cutting surfaces for cutting the tissue, means mounting the obturator for movement between a tissue cutting position with at least some of the cutting surfaces of the obturator projecting beyond the distal end of the cannula, and a retracted position, retracting means for biasing the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position, a clutch for retaining the obturator in the tissue cutting position against the bias of said retracting means while the tissue is being cut, and for releasing the obturator to allow the retracting means to retract the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position after the trocar has at least partially penetrated the tissue, said obturator is elongate and has a longitudinal axis defining displacements, said obturator comprises a proximal portion having a pin, and a distal portion, wherein said trocar includes means mounting said pin for angular movement relative to said distal portion of said obturator between an armed position relative to the longitudinal axis and a release position that is angularly spaced from said armed position, wherein said retracting means retracts the obturator from the tissue cutting position to the retracted position after the pin moves from the armed position toward the release position, wherein said means mounting said pin for angular movement comprises said housing having guide surfaces including a ledge surface adapted to abut the pin to retain the pin in the armed position prior to the obturator being advanced against the tissue, and said clutch comprises an arming ring having a shoulder surface adapted to abut the pin as the obturator is advanced through the tissue to restrict movement of the obturator from the tissue cutting position to the retracted position, and surfaces defining an aperture which are angularly spaced from said shoulder surface and which allow the pin to pass when the obturator moves from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17)
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18. A trocar for facilitating insertion of a cannula through tissue defining a body cavity, and adapted to be placed at least partially in the cannula, the cannula having a lumen terminating in a distal end,
said trocar comprising: -
a handle, an elongate obturator extending from said handle having a longitudinal axis, said obturator comprising; a shaft for placement in the lumen of the cannula and cutting surfaces for cutting the tissue defining the body cavity, means mounting the obturator for movement between a tissue cutting position with at least some of the cutting surfaces of the obturator projecting beyond the distal end of the cannula, and a retracted position, and means mounting at least a portion of the obturator for angular movement about said longitudinal axis, said obturator having surfaces adapted to abut at least the distal end of the cannula lumen, wherein the trocar is free of structure between the obturator and the cannula at the distal end of the cannula when the trocar is placed in the cannula, retracting means for moving the obturator from said tissue cutting position toward said retracted position including axial biasing means for biasing the obturator toward said retracted position, latch means for releasably holding the obturator in the tissue cutting position against the bias of said biasing means, mechanical sensing and releasing means for sensing when the tissue defining the body cavity has been penetrated and for releasing the latch means to allow the retracting means to retract the obturator from the tissue cutting position to the retracted position after the tissue defining the body cavity has been at least partially penetrated so that movement of the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position is free of distal movement of the obturator relative to the cannula, and angular biasing means for biasing at least a portion of the obturator about said longitudinal axis, and wherein the axial biasing means biases the obturator from said tissue cutting position toward said retracted position. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 22)
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23. A trocar for facilitating insertion of a cannula through tissue defining a body cavity, and adapted to be placed at least partially in the cannula, the cannula having a lumen terminating in a distal end,
said trocar comprising: -
a handle, an obturator extending from said handle, said obturator comprising; a shaft for placement in the lumen of the cannula and cutting surfaces for cutting the tissue defining the body cavity, means mounting the obturator for movement between a tissue cutting position with at least some of the cutting surfaces of the obturator projecting beyond the distal end of the cannula, and a retracted position, said obturator having surfaces adapted to abut at least the distal end of the cannula lumen, wherein the trocar is free of structure between the obturator and the cannula at the distal end of the cannula when the trocar is placed in the cannula, retracting means for moving the obturator from said tissue cutting position toward said retracted position including biasing means for biasing the obturator toward said retracted position, latch means for releasably holding the obturator in the tissue cutting position against the biasing of said biasing means, mechanical sensing and releasing means for sensing when the tissue defining the body cavity has been penetrated and for releasing the latch means to allow the retracting means to retract the obturator from the tissue cutting position to the retracted position after the tissue defining the body cavity has been at least partially penetrated so that movement of the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position is free of distal movement of the obturator relative to the cannula, said obturator is elongate and has a longitudinal axis defining angular displacements, said obturator comprises a proximal portion having a pin, and a distal portion, wherein said trocar includes means mounting said pin for angular movement relative to said distal portion of said obturator between an armed position relative to the longitudinal axis and a release position that is angularly spaced from said armed position, wherein said retracting means moves the obturator from the tissue cutting position to the retracted position after the pin moves about the longitudinal axis from the armed position toward the release position, and wherein; said retracting means comprises axial biasing means for axially biasing said obturator from said tissue cutting position toward said retracted position, and angular biasing means for biasing said pin toward said release position. - View Dependent Claims (24, 25)
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26. A trocar for facilitating insertion of a cannula through tissue defining a body cavity, and adapted to be placed at least partially in the cannula, the cannula having a lumen terminating in a distal end,
said trocar comprising: -
a handle, an obturator extending from said handle, said obturator comprising; a shaft for placement in the lumen of the cannula and cutting surfaces for cutting the tissue defining the body cavity, means mounting the obturator for movement between a tissue cutting position with at least some of the cutting surfaces of the obturator projecting beyond the distal end of the cannula, and a retracted position, said obturator having surfaces adapted to abut at least the distal end of the cannula lumen, wherein the trocar is free of structure between the obturator and the cannula at the distal end of the cannula when the trocar is placed in the cannula, retracting means for moving the obturator from said tissue cutting position toward said retracted position including biasing means for biasing the obturator toward said retracted position, latch means for releasably holding the obturator in the tissue cutting position against the bias of said biasing means, mechanical sensing and releasing means for sensing when the tissue defining the body cavity has been penetrated and for releasing the latch means to allow the retracting means to retract the obturator from the tissue cutting position to the retracted position after the tissue defining the body cavity has been at least partially penetrated so that movement of the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position is free of distal movement of the obturator relative to the cannula, wherein said latch, mechanical sensing and releasing means comprise a clutch, said obturator is elongate and has a longitudinal axis defining angular displacements, said obturator comprises a proximal portion having a pin, and a distal portion, wherein said trocar includes means mounting said pin for angular movement relative to said distal portion of said obturator between an armed position relative to the longitudinal axis and a release position that is angularly spaced from said armed position, wherein said retracting means moves the obturator from the tissue cutting position to the retracted position after the pin moves about the longitudinal axis from the armed position toward the release position, wherein said means mounting said pin for angular movement comprises said handle having guide surfaces including a ledge surface adapted to abut the pin to retain the pin in the armed position prior to the obturator being advanced against the tissue, said clutch comprises an arming ring having a shoulder surface adapted to abut the pin as the obturator is advanced through the tissue to restrict movement of the obturator from the tissue cutting position to the retracted position, and surfaces defining an aperture which are angularly spaced from said shoulder surface and which allow the pin to pass when the obturator moves from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position. - View Dependent Claims (27, 28, 29)
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30. In combination, a cannula having a lumen terminating in a distal end, and a trocar for facilitating insertion of the cannula through tissue defining a body cavity, such as the abdominal wall of a patient, said trocar comprising:
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a housing, an obturator extending from said housing, said obturator comprising; a shaft for placement in the lumen of the cannula and cutting surfaces for cutting the tissue, said obturator is elongate and has a longitudinal axis, means mounting the obturator for movement between a tissue cutting position with at least some of the cutting surfaces of the obturator projecting beyond the distal end of the cannula, and a retracted position, and means mounting at least a portion of the obturator for angular movement about said longitudinal axis, retracting means for biasing the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position, a clutch for retaining the obturator in the tissue cutting position against the bias of said retracting means while the tissue is being cut, and for releasing the obturator to allow the retracting means to retract the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position after the trocar has cut tissue sufficiently to pass the cannula into the body cavity, the clutch including angular biasing means biasing at least a portion of the obturator about said longitudinal axis, said retracting means comprising axial biasing means for axially biasing said obturator from said tissue cutting position toward said retracted position. - View Dependent Claims (31, 32, 33, 34, 35)
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36. In combination, a cannula having a lumen terminating in a distal end, and a trocar for facilitating insertion of the cannula through tissue defining a body cavity, such as the abdominal wall of a patient, said trocar comprising:
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a housing, an obturator extending from said housing, said obturator comprising; a shaft for placement in the lumen of the cannula and cutting surfaces for cutting the the tissue, means mounting the obturator for movement between a tissue cutting position with at least some of the cutting surfaces of the obturator projecting beyond the distal end of the cannula, and a retracted position, retracting means for biasing the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position, a clutch for retaining the obturator in the tissue cutting position against the bias of said retracting means while the tissue is being cut, and for releasing the obturator to allow the retracting means to retract the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position after the trocar has cut tissue sufficiently to pass the cannula into the body cavity, said obturator is elongate and has a longitudinal axis defining angular displacements, said obturator comprises a proximal portion having a pin, and a distal portion, wherein said trocar includes means mounting said pin for angular movement relative to said distal portion of said obturator between an armed position relative to the longitudinal axis and a release position that is angularly spaced from said armed position, wherein said retracting means retracts the obturator from the tissue cutting position to the retracted position after the pin moves about the longitudinal axis from the armed toward the release position, and wherein; said retracting means comprises axial biasing means for axially biasing said obturator from said tissue cutting position toward said retracted position, and angular biasing means for biasing said pin toward said release position. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38)
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39. In combination,
a cannula having a lumen terminating in a distal end, and a trocar for facilitating insertion of the cannula through tissue defining a body cavity, such as the abdominal wall of a patient, said trocar comprising: -
a housing, an obturator extending from said housing, said obturator comprising; a shaft for placement in the lumen of the cannula and cutting surfaces for cutting the tissue, means mounting the obturator for movement between a tissue cutting position with at least some of the cutting surfaces of the obturator projecting beyond the distal end of the cannula, and a retracted position, retracting means for biasing the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position, a clutch for retaining the obturator in the tissue cutting position against the bias of said retracting means while the tissue is being cut, and for releasing the obturator to allow the retracting means to retract the obturator from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position after the trocar has cut tissue sufficiently to pass the cannula into the body cavity, said obturator is elongate and has a longitudinal axis defining angular displacements, said obturator comprises a proximal portion having a pin, and a distal portion, wherein said trocar includes means mounting said pin for angular movement relative to said distal portion of said obturator between an armed position relative to the longitudinal axis and a release position that is angularly spaced from said armed position, wherein said retracting means retracts the obturator from the tissue cutting position to the retracted position after the pin moves about the longitudinal axis from the armed toward the release position, wherein said means mounting said pin for angular movement comprises said housing having guide surfaces including a ledge surface adapted to abut the pin to retain the pin in the armed position prior to the obturator being advanced against the tissue, and said clutch comprises an arming ring having a shoulder surface adapted to abut the pin as the obturator is advanced through the tissue to restrict movement of the obturator from the tissue cutting position to the retracted position, and surfaces defining an aperture which are angularly spaced from said shoulder surface and which allow the pin to pass when the obturator moves from the tissue cutting position toward the retracted position. - View Dependent Claims (40)
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Specification