System and method for secure initial program load for diskless workstations

• US 5,349,643 A
• Filed: 05/10/1993
• Issued: 09/20/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 05/10/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Mott, James M., Cox, James O.
• Primary Examiner(s): CANGIALOSI, SALVATORE A
• Application Number:
  US08/058,842
• Time in Patent Office: 498 Days
• Field of Search: 380/4, 380/25, 380/49, 340/825.34
• US Class Current: 713/155
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 12/1408 by using cryptography for digital transmission H04L9/00
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/33 using certificates
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/575 Secure boot
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2211/007 Encryption, En-/decode, En-/decipher, En-/decypher, Scramble, (De-)compress
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2211/1097 Boot, Start, Initialise, Power
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 2221/2151 Time stamp
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/4416 Network booting; Remote initial program loading [RIPL]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/3213 using tickets or tokens, e.g. Kerberos network architectures or network communication protocols for entities authentication using tickets in a packet data network H04L63/0807
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/3271 using challenge-response

Abstract

A client workstation generates a network request for an initial program load. The request is serviced by a server which preferably includes in the reply to the client the addresses of an authentication server (AS), client, and a secure initial program load server (SECIPL). The client then requests an SECIPL service ticket from the AS, also sending a common identifier known to the AS and the client, preferably stored in the client ROM. This identifier is utilized by the AS to validate the ticket request as originating from a bona fide client, whereupon the ticket is provided by the AS to the client, the SECIPL service ticket is then presented by the client to the SECIPL server which then authenticates that the ticket is bona fide and was received by the client from the AS. The SECIPL then provides a secure kernel to the client, either encrypted with a key known to the SECIPL and client, or otherwise secured by a cryptographic checksum utilizing a key known to the client and the SECIPL. In this manner, the client workstation is thereby assured that an authenticated boot image has been received through potentially non-secure communication links.

Claims

1. A method executed by a computer system comprised of a client and a server in a network for providing a secure operating system comprising

storing a shared key at said client;

communicating signals across said network comprising a request including said shared key from said client to said server interconnected by said network for activating said operating system at said client;

authenticating said request at said server;

communicating signals across said network comprising a response from said server to said client in response to said authenticated said request, said response from said server including at least a portion of said operating system;

authenticating said at least a portion of said operating system at said client with said shared key; and

activating said operating system at said client in response to said response from said server.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein said authenticating said request is a precondition to said communicating said response.

3. The method of claim 1 further including the step of authenticating at said client said response from said server.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein said authenticating said response is a precondition to said activating said operating system.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein said response from said server comprises said at least a portion of said operating system encrypted prior to said communicating said response and decrypted prior to said activating said operating system.

6. The method of claim 5 wherein said operating system is decrypted and encrypted by said client and said server, respectively.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein said response further comprises a cryptographic checksum of said at least a portion of said operating system verifiable by said client.

8. A method executed by a computer system for providing a secure operating environment at a client station, comprising

storing a service key at a secure boot server;

generating a request for a secure boot image from said client to a boot server;

receiving a response from said boot server by said client;

communicating a request encoded by a key known by said client and an authentication server, corresponding in part to said boot server response, by said client to said authentication server for a token for said secure boot image comprised of at least said service key and a shared key;

storing said shared key at said client;

communicating said token from said authentication server to said client in response to said request;

communicating said token from said client to said secure boot server;

verifying said token with said service key at said secure boot server;

communicating to said client from said secure boot server, in response to said verifying, at least a portion of an operating system authenticatable by said client with said shared key;

authenticating said at last a portion of said operating system by said client with said shared key; and

executing by said client said at least a portion of said operating system in response to said authenticating.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein said response from said boot server includes an address of said boot server.

10. The method to claim 9 wherein said response from said boot server further includes an address of said authentication server.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein said request by said client to said authentication server includes a unique principal name of said boot server known to said client and to said authentication server and stored in non-volatile memory of said client.

12. A method executed by a computer system including at least one client workstation interconnected to a network for providing an authenticated operating system at said client workstation comprising

specifying a first key, a service key, and a shared key;

transmitting onto said network a first request from said client workstation for an operating environment;

authenticating said first request received from said network with said first key;

transmitting a token corresponding to said first key, said service key and said shared key onto said network, and to said client in response to said authenticating said receiving first request;

transmitting onto said network a second request functionally related to said token from said client workstation for said operating environment;

authenticating said second request received from said network with said service key;

transmitting information at least partially encrypted with said shared key onto said network and to said client workstation in response to said authenticating said received second request;

decrypting said at least partially encrypted information at said client with said shared key; and

executing said operating environment at said client workstation in response to said decrypting of said at least partially encrypted information.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein said authenticating said received first request is by an authorization server attached to said network.

14. The method of claim 13 wherein said token is transmitted from said authentication server.

15. The method of claim 13 wherein said authenticating said received second request is by a secure initial program load (SECIPL) server attached to said network.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein said at least partially encrypted information is transmitted from said SECIPL server to said client workstation.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein said at least partially encrypted information comprises at least part of an encrypted operating system decryptable by said client workstation.

18. The method of claim 16 wherein said at least partially encrypted information comprises a cryptographic checksum, decryptable by said client, of at least a part of an operating system transmitted from said SECIPL server to said client.

19. A system for providing a secure operating system for a client in a network environment, comprising

authentication server means interconnected to said network for authenticating a request from said client for said operating system and providing to said client an indicator of authenticating;

secure program load server means interconnected to said network for determining said client has received said indicator and transmitting encrypted data including at least a portion of an operating system on said network to said client in response to said determining; and

said network to said client in response to said determining; and

client workstation means interconnected to said network for executing said secure operating system in response to unencrypting of said data by said client.

20. The system of claim 19 wherein said client workstation means includes means for transmitting said request onto said network.

21. The system of claim 20 wherein said client workstation means further includes means for receiving said indicator from said network.

22. The system of claim 21 wherein said client means further includes means for transmitting on said network to said secure program load means information in response to said client workstation means receiving said indicator, from which said determining by said secure program load means is performed.

23. The system of claim 19 wherein said encrypted data is a cryptographic checksum corresponding to said operating system.

24. A system for providing a secure operating system for a client in a network environment, comprising

authentication server means interconnected to said network for authenticating a request from said client for said operating system and providing to said client an indicator of authenticating;

secure program load server means interconnected to said network for determining said client has received said indicator and transmitting at least a portion of an operating system and a cryptographic checksum of said portion of said operating system on said network to said client in response to said determining; and

client workstation means interconnected to said network for executing said secure operating system in response to authenticating said portion of said operating system with said cryptographic checksum by said client.