Hand-writable polymer dispersed liquid crystal board set with high resistance layer of crosslinking polymer adjacent conductive layer

• US 5,351,143 A
• Filed: 01/25/1993
• Issued: 09/27/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 02/07/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Pilot Corporation
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Pilot Corporation
• Inventors: Ishii, Hirokazu, Sato, Morio, Takano, Jun, Abe, Yutaka, Murata, Yasuzo
• Primary Examiner(s): Gross, Anita P.
• Application Number:
  US08/008,735
• Time in Patent Office: 610 Days
• Field of Search: 369/52, 369/74, 369/83, 369/51, 345/179
• US Class Current: 349/12
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133345 Insulating layers G02F1/1335, G02F1/1337, G02F1/135, G02F1/136 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/133348 Charged particles addressed liquid crystal cells, e.g. controlled by an electron beam
• CPC Class Codes: G02F 1/1334 based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0412 Digitisers structurally integrated in a display

Abstract

A liquid crystal display device of externally charging type, including a screen from the outside of which display and erasing operations can be repeatedly performed simply, and having an excellent memory retention performance of the recorded image and durability. Also, a hand-writable liquid crystal board set being excellent in operativity, performances, safety, including the above liquid crystal display device as a liquid crystal board. The liquid crystal display device includes a layered structure comprising, in the following order: a conductive layer; a transparent high-electric resistance layer having a volume resistivity of 10¹³ Ω•cm or more in a 20° C. air at a relative humidity of 90%; a liquid crystal-dispersed polymer layer which has a volume resistivity of 10¹³ Ω•cm or more in a 20° C. air at a relative humidity of 90%; and a transparent insulator layer. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set comprises:

(A) a board of the above liquid crystal display device,

(B) display means for displaying recording images onto the board surface, and erasing means for erasing the recorded images; and

(C) a power source for generating a surface potential between the surface of the liquid crystal board and the conductive layer by the display means;

wherein the display means employs a writing member electrically connected to one terminal of the power source which is connected at the other terminal to the conductive layer; and the erasing means employs an erasing member electrically connected to the conductive layer.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal display device of externally charging type comprising:

a conductive layer;

a transparent high-electric resistance layer of a crosslinking polymer having a volume resistivity of 10¹³ Ω

•

cm or more in 20°

C. air at a relative humidity of 90%;

a liquid crystal-dispersed polymer layer in which liquid crystal is finely dispersed in a polymer matrix, said layer having a volume resistivity of 10¹³ Ω

•

cm or more in 20°

C. air at a relative humidity of 90%; and

a transparent insulator layer having a volume resistivity of 10¹³ Ω

•

cm or more in 20°

C. air at a relative humidity of 90% wherein all of said layers are successively layered in the order presented.

2. The liquid crystal display device of externally charging type according to claim 1, wherein the polymer matrix of said liquid crystal-dispersed polymer layer is composed of a polymer having a cross-linking structure.

3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein said cross-linking polymer making up the high-electric resistance layer is obtained by reacting a polymer containing at least one functional group, wherein said functional group is selected from the group consisting of a double bond, a nitrile group, a mercapto group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an amino group and a chlorosulfone group, with a cross-linking agent reactive with said functional group.

4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein said polymer is a silicone polymer.

5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein said cross-linking polymer making up the high-electric resistance layer is obtained by reacting a polymer containing at least one functional group, wherein said functional group is selected from the group consisting of a double bond, a nitrile group, a mercapto group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an amino group and a chlorosulfone group, with a reactive polymer to form a cross-linking polymer.

6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein said polymer is a silicone polymer.

7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein said reactive polymer comprises at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of phenol resin, amino resin, polyisocyanate, polyol and epoxy resin.

8. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein said cross-linking polymer making up the high-electric resistance layer is formed by reacting one of a diisocyanate and a polyisocyanate with at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyvinylacetal resin;

an epoxy resin;

acrylic resins having a hydroxy group or a carboxyl group;

a polyester resin; and

a fluororesin.

9. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein said cross-linking polymer making up the high-electric resistance layer is formed by reacting one of a diisocyanate and a polyisocyanate with polyvinylacetal.

10. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the polymer matrix of said liquid crystal-dispersed polymer layer is composed of a cross-linking polymer which is obtained by reacting a polymer containing at least one functional group, wherein said functional group is selected from the group consisting of a double bond, a nitrile group, a mercapto group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an amino group and a chlorosulfone group, with a cross-linking agent reactive with said functional group.

11. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, wherein said polymer is a silicone polymer.

12. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein said polymer matrix of said liquid crystal-dispersed polymer layer comprises a cross-linking polymer which is obtained by reacting a polymer containing at least one functional group, wherein said functional group is selected from the group consisting of a double bond, a nitrile group, a mercapto group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an amino group and a chlorosulfone group, with a reactive polymer to form a cross-linking polymer.

13. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 12, wherein said polymer is a silicone polymer.

14. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 12, wherein said reactive polymer is selected from the group consisting of phenol resin, amino resin, polyisocyanate, polyol and epoxy resin.

15. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein said polymer matrix of said liquid crystal-dispersed polymer layer comprises a cross-linking polymer formed by reacting one of a diisocyanate and a polyisocyanate with at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyvinylacetal resin;

an epoxy resin;

acrylic resins having a hydroxy group or a carboxyl group;

a polyester resin; and

a fluororesin.

16. The liquid crystal display device of externally charging type according to claim 1, wherein said polymer matrix of said liquid crystal-dispersed polymer layer comprises a cross-linking polymer formed by reacting one of a diisocyanate and a polyisocyanate with polyvinylacetal.

17. A hand-writable liquid crystal board set comprising:

(A) a liquid crystal board of the externally charging type, said liquid crystal board comprising;

a conductive layer;

a transparent high-electric resistance layer of a cross-linking polymer having a volume resistivity of 10¹³ Ω

•

cm or more in 20°

C. air at a relative humidity of 90%;

a liquid crystal-dispersed polymer layer in which liquid crystal is finely dispersed in a polymer matrix, said liquid crystal-dispersed polymer layer having a volume resistivity of 10¹³ Ω

•

cm or more in 20°

C. air at a relative humidity of 90%; and

a transparent insulator layer having a volume resistivity of 10¹³ Ω

•

cm or more in 20°

C. air at a relative humidity of 90%, wherein all of said layers are successively layered in the order presented;

(B) display means for displaying at least one recorded image onto a surface of said liquid crystal board;

(C) erasing means for erasing said recorded image, said erasing means having an erasing member electrically connected to said conductive layer;

(D) a power source for generating a surface potential between the surface of said liquid crystal board and said conductive layer; and

(E) a writing member electrically connected to one terminal of said power source, said power source having another terminal connected to said conductive layer.

18. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein the polymer matrix of said liquid crystal-dispersed polymer layer is composed of a polymer having a cross-linking structure.

19. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein said writing member, said erasing member, and the electrical connections thereto all have a respective volume resistivity of 10¹² Ω

•

cm or less in a 23°

C. at a relative humidity of 50%.

20. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein an electric resistance of 200 KΩ

to 100 MΩ

is electrically connected at least between one terminal of said power source and said conductive layer, between one terminal of said power source and said erasing member, and between said conductive layer and said erasing member.

21. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein an electric circuit including said display means and said erasing means is equipped with an interlock device for preventing the occurrence of electric shocks.

22. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein an electric circuit including said display means and said erasing means is equipped with an automatic power-off device.

23. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein the surface of said board has been subjected to a dirt-protection treatment.

24. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein said writing member comprises a stamp having a pattern of a conductive material formed thereon.

25. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein said writing member and said erasing member have been subjected to a dirt-protection treatment.

26. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein said erasing member comprises a stamp having a pattern of a conductive material formed thereon.

27. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein said cross-linking polymer making up the high-electric resistance layer is obtained by reacting a polymer containing a functional group, wherein said functional group is selected from the group consisting of a double bond, a nitrile group, a mercapto group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an amino group and a chlorosulfone group, with a cross-linking agent reactive with said functional group.

28. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 27, wherein said polymer is a silicone polymer.

29. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein said cross-linking polymer making up the high-electric resistance layer is obtained by reacting a polymer containing at least one functional group, wherein said functional group is selected from the group consisting of a double bond, a nitrile group, a mercapto group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an amino group and a chlorosulfone group, with a reactive polymer to form a cross-linking polymer.

30. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 29, wherein said polymer is a silicone polymer.

31. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 29, wherein said reactive polymer comprises at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of phenol resin, amino resin, polyisocyanate, polyol and epoxy resin.

32. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein said cross-linking polymer making up the high-electric resistance layer is formed by reacting one of a diisocyanate and a polyisocyanate with at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyvinylacetal resin;

an epoxy resin;

acrylic resins having a hydroxy group or a carboxyl group;

a polyester resin; and

a fluororesin.

33. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein said cross-linking polymer making up the high-electric resistance layer is formed by reacting one of a diisocyanate and a polyisocyanate with polyvinylacetal.

34. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein the polymer matrix of said liquid crystal dispersed polymer layer is composed of a cross-linking polymer which is obtained by reacting a polymer containing at least one functional group, wherein said functional group is selected from the group consisting of a double bond, a nitrile group, a mercapto group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an amino group and a chlorosulfone group, with a cross-linking agent reactive with said functional group.

35. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 34, wherein said polymer is a silicone polymer.

36. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein said polymer matrix of said liquid crystal-dispersed polymer comprises a cross-linking polymer which is obtained by reacting a polymer containing at least one functional group, wherein said functional group is selected from the group consisting of a double bond, a nitrile group, a mercapto group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, an isocyanate group, an amino group and a chlorosulfone group, with a reactive polymer to form a cross-linking polymer.

37. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 36, wherein said polymer is a silicone polymer.

38. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 36, wherein said reactive polymer is selected from the group consisting of phenol resin, amino resin, polyisocyanate, polyol and epoxy resin.

39. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein said polymer matrix of said liquid crystal-dispersed polymer layer comprises a cross-linking polymer formed by reacting one of a diisocyanate and a polyisocyanate with at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyvinylacetal resin;

an epoxy resin;

acrylic resins having a hydroxy group or a carboxyl group;

a polyester resin; and

a fluororesin.

40. The hand-writable liquid crystal board set according to claim 17, wherein said polymer matrix of said liquid crystal dispersed polymer layer comprises a cross-linking polymer formed by reacting one of a diisocyanate and a polyisocyanate with polyvinylacetal.