Method for recycling metal containing electrical components

• US 5,352,270 A
• Filed: 09/11/1992
• Issued: 10/04/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 09/11/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Valence Technology Incorporated (Lithium Werks B.V.)
• Original Assignee: Valence Technology Incorporated (Lithium Werks B.V.)
• Inventors: Shackle, Dale R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Andrews, Melvyn J.
• Application Number:
  US07/943,855
• Time in Patent Office: 753 Days
• Field of Search: 75/300, 75/419, 75/430, 423/179.5, 423/68, 423/658.5
• US Class Current: 75/419
• CPC Class Codes: C22B 7/006 Wet processes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 6/52 Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste cells or batteries , e.g. recycling
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 10/20 Recycling
• CPC Class Codes: Y02W 30/84 Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Abstract

The present invention relates to methods of recycling metal containing electrical components to recover one or more metal values therefrom by comminuting the used metal containing electrical component, preferably in an inert environment, separating water soluble and insoluble materials and recovering metal or metal compounds from at least one of these materials.

Claims

1. A method for safely treating a reactive metal containing electrical component comprising at least one of:

a) comminuting a reactive metal containing electrical component in an aqueous solution in an inert environment, and

b) extracting comminuted reactive metal-containing electrical components with an aqueous solution in an inert environment to obtain an aqueous solution containing water-soluble ingredients and a water-insoluble resides,

wherein said inert environment is provided by a member selected from the group consisting of an environment essentially oxygen-free and nitrogen free, an environment at a very low pressure or a vacuum, controlling the rate of contacting said electrical component with said aqueous solution and by continually removing hydrogen below the aqueous solution interface thereby preventing undesirable side reactions.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said reactive metal containing electrical component comprises a battery or a conductor.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein said component comprises metallic lithium.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said inert environment is by maintaining said electrical components submerged in an aqueous medium to prevent contact of the components with oxygen at the water interface.

5. A method for recycling a metal containing electrical component comprising the steps of:

(a) comminuting a metal containing electrical component;

(b) extracting the resulting comminuted metal containing solids with an aqueous solution to remove soluble material;

(c) acidifying the resulting aqueous insoluble metal containing residue with a strong acid; and

(d) precipitating water insoluble metal salts from the aqueous acidic solution from step (c).

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein said metal containing electrical component is a battery or conductor.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein said metal containing electrical component comprises at least one metal, a metal oxide, sulfide or selenide.

8. The method according to claim 5, wherein said acid in step (c) is sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein said precipitation in step (d) is by formation of water insoluble salts.

10. The method according to claim 5, further comprising (e) converting solid residue from step (d) to metal oxides.

11. The method according to claim 5, further comprising step (f) combusting solid residue from step (c).

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the solid residue from step (f) is further treated to recover at least one free metal or a metal compound.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein free metal is at least one metal selected from aluminum, nickel and copper.

14. The method according to claim 11, wherein heat is recovered from step (f).

15. A method for recycling a metal containing electrical component comprising the steps of:

(a) comminuting a metal containing electrical component;

(b) extracting said comminuted solids with an aqueous solution;

(g) heat distilling said aqueous solution containing water soluble metal compounds; and

(h) recovering metal salts from step (g).

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein said electrical component is a battery or conductor.

17. The method according to claim 15, wherein said metal is lithium.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein step (a) is conducted in an inert environment.

19. The method according to claim 15, further comprising recovering at least one free metal or metal salt from step (h).

30. The method according to claim 15, wherein said metal is lithium and vanadium or compounds thereof.

20. A method for recycling a metal containing electrical component comprising the steps of:

(a) comminuting a metal containing electrical component;

(b) extracting the resulting comminuted metal containing solids with an aqueous solution to remove soluble material;

(c) acidifying the resulting aqueous insoluble metal containing residue with a strong acid; and

(d) precipitating water insoluble metal salts from the aqueous acidic solution from step (c).

(g) heat distilling said aqueous solution containing water soluble metal compounds; and

(h) recovering metal salts from step (g).

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein said metal containing electrical component is a battery or conductor.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein said metal containing electrical component comprises at least one metal, a metal oxide, sulfide or selenide.

23. The method according to claim 20, wherein said acid in step (c) is sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein said precipitation in step (d) is by formation of water insoluble salts.

25. The method according to claim 20, further comprising (e) converting solid residue from step (d) to metal oxides.

26. The method according to claim 20, further comprising step (f) combusting solid residue from step (c).

27. The method according to claim 26, wherein the solid residue from step (f) is further treated to recover at least one free metal or a metal compound.

28. The method according to claim 27, wherein free metal is at least one metal selected from aluminum, nickel or copper.

29. The method according to claim 27, wherein heat is recovered from step (f).

31. The method according to claim 20, wherein step (a) is conducted in an inert environment.

32. The method according to claim 20, further comprising recovering at least one free metal or metal salt from step (h).