Electro-active cradle circuits for the detection of access or penetration

• US 5,353,350 A
• Filed: 06/02/1992
• Issued: 10/04/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 10/03/1989
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: University of Technology at Sydney
• Original Assignee: University of Technology
• Inventors: Unsworth, Joseph, Mapson, Michael
• Primary Examiner(s): CANGIALOSI, SALVATORE A
• Application Number:
  US07/847,062
• Time in Patent Office: 854 Days
• Field of Search: 380/3, 380/52, 340/637, 128/662, 310/311, 310/340, 310/367
• US Class Current: 713/194
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/86 Secure or tamper-resistant housings
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/576 using active circuits
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/0002 Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/12044 OLED
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 1/0275 Security details, e.g. tampering prevention or detection
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 2201/10151 Sensor
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 3/284 for encapsulating mounted components H05K1/185 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 257/922 with means to prevent inspection of or tampering with an integrated circuit, e.g. "smart card", anti-tamper

Abstract

An electronic circuit or device is protected from tamper and/or theft of data contained therein by encapsulation in a hosing and a polymer cradle. The cradle comprises a transducer capable of generating a voltage, detection means to detect said voltage, and protection means associated therewith to destroy and/or alter said circuit, device and/or information and/or record said voltage, characterized in that said transducer is a polymeric pressure/voltage and/or temperature/voltage transducer associated with said detection means such that on alteration of pressure or temperature applied to said transducer beyond pre-set limits, said voltage is sensed by said detection means thereby activating said protection means.

Claims

1. An electronic device comprising an electronic circuit with data to be protected from hardware hacking, a polymeric transducer substantially enveloping the electronic circuit for generating a voltage when the device is tampered with beyond a predetermined limit, means for detecting said voltage, and means for protecting the data upon detection of said voltage by one of altering and destroying the data.

2. The device of claim 1 wherein the electronic circuit is one of a signal processing circuit, a cryptographic circuit, and an alterable memory.

3. The device of claim 1 wherein said transducer is one of a pressure to voltage transducer, and a temperature to voltage transducer.

4. The device of claim 1 wherein the transducer comprises a halogen containing a polarized polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride), poly(vinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene), polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, and copolymers thereof.

5. The device of claim 1 wherein the transducer is arranged to fully cover and enclose the circuit so that any attempt to access the circuit is required to pass through the transducer.

6. The device of claim 1 wherein the means for detecting comprises at least two electrodes connected to the transducer, said electrodes being selected from the group consisting of metallic electrodes and non-metallic electrodes.

7. The device of claim 1 wherein said transducer comprises a means for switching to prevent inadvertent activation of said means for protecting.

8. The device of claim 6 further comprising a destructible conducting element adjacent said transducer to short-circuit said electrodes to prevent activation of the means for protecting prior to destruction of said conducting element.

9. The device of claim 1 wherein an output of the transducer is disabled by connection of the means for detecting to a gating circuit by electrical conductors to prevent said voltage being transmitted to the means for detecting, said gating circuit being controlled by elements of of a balanced bridging circuit, said bridging circuit being altered by breaking of at least one bridge element.

10. The device of claim 5 wherein the transducer is disabled by having inputs of the means for detecting connected by conductors thereby preventing a buildup of charge on the conductors, and wherein the connection is affected in such a way so as to be broken upon any penetration through to the transducer and, on a braking of the connection, the transducer is immediately enabled to generate said voltage.

11. The device of claim 1 wherein one of said circuit and said transducer is resistant to an energy source used in the examination of the device, said energy source being one of electromagnetic radiation, acoustic energy, and predetermined chemicals.

12. The device of claim 11 wherein one of said circuit and said transducer is opaque to said energy source.

13. The device of claim 11 further comprising an encapsulating element which resists the energy source and encloses the circuit, transducer, means for detecting, and means for protecting.

14. The device of claim 13 wherein the encapsulating element is formulated with high atomic number compounds in a supporting material in quantities up to an beyond80% w/w.

15. The device of claim 14 wherein the supporting material is one of epoxy and polyurethane.

16. The device of claim 13 wherein the encapsulating element is formulated with predetermined quantities of metal arranged throughout the element to disguise the configuration of the device.

17. The device of claim 13 wherein the encapsulating element includes ceramic materials to prevent mechanical ingress into said device beyond said element.

18. The device of claim 13 wherein the encapsulating element includes an electrical insulation layer.

19. A method of protecting an electronic apparatus from hardware hacking intended to gain access to confidential information contained in the electronic apparatus, the method comprising enveloping the apparatus with a polymeric transducer adapted to output a voltage to the apparatus when hardware hacking is attempted to gain access to the apparatus, wherein the voltage acts upon the apparatus to alter the apparatus, thereby preventing disclosure of the confidential information.

20. A method as claimed in claim 19 wherein the hardware hacking involves one of physical penetration, physical scraping, chemical ingress, electromagnetic imaging, and ultrasonic scanning.

21. A method as claimed in claim 19 wherein the confidential information comprises data retained in a memory storage device arranged within the apparatus.

22. A method as claimed in claim 21 wherein the voltage acts to alter the data and corrupt the confidential information.

23. A system as claimed in claim 19 further comprising means for processing having electrode inputs connected to the means for detecting and outputs connected to the electric circuit, the means for processing receiving the voltage via the electrodes and applying a processed version of the voltage to the electronic circuit to alter the confidential information.

24. A protection system for protecting confidential information retained in an electronic circuit, the system comprising a polymeric transducer means for detecting a hardware hacking attempt on the circuit which envelopes at least the circuit, wherein the means for detecting is passive and only enabled upon a hardware hacking attempt.

25. A system as claimed in claim 24 wherein the means for detecting fully encloses the circuit, thereby preventing the hacking from any direction.

26. A system as claimed in claim 24 wherein the means for detecting, upon detecting a hacking attempt, alters the confidential information, thereby preventing successful hacking of the information.

27. A system as claimed in claim 24 wherein the electronic circuit is one of a signal processing circuit, an encryption device, a decryption device, and a memory storage device.

28. A system as claimed in claim 27 wherein the memory storage device comprises alterable memory, wherein the alterable memory comprises one of an EPROM, E² PROM, RAM, DRAM, and PROM.

29. A system as claimed in claim 27, wherein the memory storage device comprises a hardwired read-only memory circuit.