Device for remote dialog between a station and one or more portable objects

• US 5,359,323 A
• Filed: 08/20/1991
• Issued: 10/25/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 08/24/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Orange S.A.
• Original Assignee: Orange S.A.
• Inventors: Michel, Philippe
• Primary Examiner(s): Yusko, Donald J.
• Assistant Examiner(s): Holloway, III, Edwin C.
• Application Number:
  US07/747,870
• Time in Patent Office: 1,162 Days
• Field of Search: 340/825.54, 340/825.34, 340/825.07, 340/825.08, 340/825.5, 340/505, 340/572, 370/85.8, 370/95.2, 370/85.3
• US Class Current: 340/10.1
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/0008 General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
• CPC Class Codes: G07C 9/28 the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence

Abstract

Inside a range of action defined by a station, the station is able to generate therein an enquiry message followed by a silence zone. The station then selectively analyzes the respective contents of a plurality of disjoint time intervals from this silence zone. In the event of obtaining in one of these time intervals, chosen randomly by a single portable object, a content identified as a specified response message associated with this portable object, the station generates a selection message intended for this portable object, which, on reception of this selection message, generates in its turn an acknowledgement message. There follows provision for a phase of transactional communication between the selected portable object and the station.

Claims

1. A device for remote exchange of information between a station and at least one portable object, comprising:

a station-dialog unit including

means for defining a range of action;

station-processing means for processing the information exchanged with the at least one portable object, by repeatedly generating, in a primary condition, an enquiry message in the range of action, followed by a silence zone, then selectively analyzing respective contents of a plurality of disjoint time intervals in the silence zone, until identification in one of the disjoint time intervals a specified response message associated with a single portable object, generating a selection message intended for the single portable object and entering a dialog condition for communication with the single portable object;

station-command means for selecting between the primary and dialog conditions of said station-processing means as a function of previously specified station-command criteria; and

an object-dialog unit in each portable unit, having an active state to mutually interact remotely with said station-dialog unit inside the range of action, including

communication means for performing the exchange of information with said station-dialog unit;

object-processing means for responding to reception of the enquiry message in an initialization condition in the active state, by randomly choosing one of the time intervals to generate the specified response message associated therewith and to generate an acknowledgement message upon reception of the selection message and then entering a transactional communication condition for communication with said station-dialog unit; and

object-command means for changing said object-processing means from the initialization condition to the transactional communication condition if another enquiry message is not received after transmission of the acknowledgement message.

2. A device according to claim 1, wherein said communication means performs the exchange of information asynchronously by characters each including a header bit, followed by a word having a specified number of data bits, followed by a parity bit and an end bit.

3. A device according to claim 1,

wherein in the dialog condition, said station-dialog unit transmits an end-of-transaction message, and

wherein said object-dialog unit, in response to the end-of transaction message, transmits a final acknowledgement message.

4. A device according to claim 3, wherein said communication means transmits each of the specified response, acknowledgement, selection, end-of-transaction and final acknowledgement messages with a start character specific thereto and a specified number of identification characters associated one-to-one with a specific portable object.

5. A device according to claim 1, wherein in the dialog and transactional communication conditions, the exchange of information by said communication means includes exchanging transactional messages each including a control character followed by data characters, the control character including a bit representing one of a first transmission of one of the transactional messages and repetition of the one of the transactional messages, one bit indicating an origin of the one of the transactional messages and a specified number of bits indicating a number of data characters of the one of the transactional messages.

6. A device according to claim 5,

wherein a first data character of the transactional message transmitted from the station to the portable object comprises a prompt representing a type of operation to be effected by the portable object,

wherein at least one of the number of data characters and the content of the transactional message depend on the prompt, and

wherein said object-dialog unit in response to one of the transactional messages, to the station a transactional response message having a first data character including a response prompt representing execution of the operation.

7. A device according to claim 6

wherein, in the dialog condition, each message transmitted by said station-dialog unit is followed by a transactional silence zone during which said station-processing means analyzes the transaction response message transmitted by said station-dialog unit,

wherein in response to one of absence of a response and reception of an erroneous response from said object-dialog unit to the transactional message transmitted by said station-dialog unit, said station dialog unit repeats transmission of the transactional message after the transactional silence zone, and

wherein after a specified number of repetitions without receiving a proper response, said station-command means changes said station-processing means from the dialog condition to the primary condition.

8. A device according to claim 7, wherein said station-dialog unit produces the transactional silence zone with a variable duration dependent on the transactional message.

9. A device according to claim 6, wherein said communication means transmits each of the transactional, transactional response, specified response, acknowledgement and selection messages with a final character containing an item of information for validating preceding characters.

10. A device according to claim 2,

wherein said communication means obtains a twos complement of the word of each character having a number of bits equal to zero greater than a specified threshold before transmission, at least for transmission from the at least one portable object to the station, the parity bit indicating whether there is twos complementation.

11. A device according to claim 5 wherein in the transactional communication condition, said object-processing means transmits an error message to said station-dialog unit upon receiving an erroneous transactional message and when a duration greater than a chosen value separates two characters of the transactional message.

12. A device according to claim 3,

wherein said object-dialog unit comprises:

detection means for outputting a prompt relating to existence of said object-dialog unit in the range of action of the station; and

a memory connected to said detection means for storing the prompt, and

wherein said object-command means sequentially analyzes the contents of said memory at analysis instants for a plurality of specified analysis periods.

13. A device according to claim 12,

wherein said object-dialog unit further has a passive state, and

wherein said object-command means includes a first analysis period for awaiting a character from said station-dialog unit, and when said object-dialog unit is determined to be outside the range of action during a first specified number of successive analysis instants during the first analysis period, said object-command means changes said object-processing means from the active state to the passive state.

14. A device according to claim 13 wherein during a second analysis period from an initial analysis instant intervening after transmission of the final acknowledgement message and until analysis reveals existence of said object-dialog unit outside the range of action during a second specified number of successive analysis instants counting from a reference analysis instant, said object-command means changes said object-processing means from the active state to the passive state, where the reference analysis instant is firstly an initial analysis instant, and, if reached, a last current analysis instant for which the prompt represents the presence of said object-dialog unit in the range of action.

15. A device according to claim 14,

wherein said memory is a latch-memory,

wherein a third analysis period is provided when said object-dialog unit is in the passive state,

wherein said object-command means switches said object-dialog unit from the passive state to the active state in response to a prompt signifying that said object-dialog unit lies inside the range of action, and starts a fourth analysis period after switching states, and

wherein said object-command means only changes said object-processing means into the initialization condition when analysis reveals, at a fourth specified number of successive instants during the fourth analysis period, no prompt of existence of said object-dialog unit outside the range of action and otherwise said object-command means changes said object-dialog unit from the active state into the passive state with erasure of said latch-memory.

16. A device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the portable objects comprises specific validation means for indicating to the station when a user authorizes the exchange of information with the station.

20. A device according to claim 9, wherein the final character is equal to and EXCLUSIVE OR logic function of the preceding characters.

17. An object-dialog unit in a portable object for interacting with a station, comprising:

means for defining one of a plurality of states including a passive state and an active state to remotely interact with the station inside a range of action defined by the station, said object-dialog unit exchanging information with the station;

object-processing means for responding, in an initialization condition in the active state, to reception of an enquiry message transmitted by the station and followed by a silence zone, by generating a specified response message intended for the station within a time interval chosen from a plurality of disjoint time intervals in the silence zone, and by generating an acknowledgement message, subsequent to transmission of the response message, upon receipt of a selection message transmitted by the station, and entering a transactional communication condition for communication with the station; and

object-command means for changing said object-processing means from the initialization condition to the transactional communication condition if another enquiry message is not received after transmission of the acknowledgement message.

18. A portable object according to claim 17, wherein while said object-processing means is in the transactional communication condition, the station transmits an end-of-transaction message, and

wherein said object-dialog unit, in response to the end-of transaction message, transmits a final acknowledgement message.

21. A portable object according to claim 17, wherein said object-dialog unit exchanges information with the station asynchronously by characters, each including a header bit, followed by a word having a specified number of data bits, followed by a parity bit and an end bit.

22. A portable object according to claim 18, wherein said communication means transmits each of the specified response, acknowledgement, selection, end-of-transaction and final acknowledgement messages with a final character containing an item of information for validating preceding characters.

23. A portable object according to claim 17, wherein said object-processing means exchanges transactional messages with the station in the transactional communication condition, each transactional message including a control character followed by a number of data characters, the control character indicating an origin of the transactional message, the number of data characters in the transactional message and one of a first transmission of a transactional message and repetition of the transactional message.

24. A portable object according to claim 23, wherein a first data character of the transactional message transmitted from the station to said portable object includes a prompt representing a type of operation to be effected by said portable object and at least one of the number of data characters and the content of the transactional message depend on the prompt, and

wherein said object-dialog unit, in response to one of the transactional messages, transmits to the station a transactional response message having a first data character including a response prompt representing execution of the operation.

25. A portable object according to claim 17, wherein said object-dialog unit comprises a communication unit to obtain a twos complement to transmit a word of a character having a number of zero bits greater than a specified threshold and to set a parity bit to indicate use of twos complement.

26. A portable object according to claim 17, wherein said object-processing means transmits an error message to the station in the transactional communication condition, upon receiving an erroneous transactional message and when a duration greater than a chosen value separates two characters of a transactional message.

27. A portable object according to claim 17,

wherein said object-dialog unit further comprises:

detection means for outputting a prompt relating to existence of said object-dialog unit in the range of action of the station; and

a memory connected to said detection means for storing the prompt, and

wherein said object-command means sequentially analyzes the contents of said memory at analysis instants for a plurality of specified analysis periods.

28. A portable object according to claim 27,

wherein said object-dialog unit further has a passive state, and

wherein said object-command means awaits a character from the station unit during a first analysis period, and when said object-dialog unit is determined to be outside the range of action during a first specified number of successive analysis instants during the first analysis period, said object-command means instructs said object-processing means to change said object-dialog unit from the active state to the passive state.

29. A portable object according to claim 28, wherein during a second analysis period from an initial analysis instant intervening after transmission of the final acknowledgement message and until analysis reveals existence of said object-dialog unit outside the range of action during a second specified number of successive analysis instants counting from a reference analysis instant, said object-command means instructs said object-processing means to change said object-dialog unit from the active state to the passive state, where the reference analysis instant is firstly an initial analysis instant, and, if reached, a last current analysis instant for which the prompt represents the presence of said object-dialog unit in the range of action.

30. A portable object according to claim 29,

wherein said memory is a latch-memory,

wherein a third analysis period is provided when said object-dialog unit is in the passive state,

wherein said object-command means instructs said object-dialog unit to switch said object-dialog unit from the passive state to the active state in response to a prompt signifying that said object-dialog unit lies inside the range of action, and starts a fourth analysis period after switching states, and

wherein said object-command means only instructs said object-processing means to change said object-dialog unit to the initialization condition when analysis reveals, at a fourth specified number of successive instants during the fourth analysis period, no prompt of existence of said object-dialog unit outside the range of action and otherwise said object-command means changes said object-dialog unit from the active state into the passive state with erasure of said latch-memory.

19. A station in a device for remote exchange of information between the station and at least one portable object, comprising:

a station-dialog unit including

means for defining a range of action;

station-processing means for processing the information exchanged with the at least one portable object, by repeatedly generating, in a primary condition an enquiry message in the range of action, followed by a silence zone, then selectively analyzing respective contents of a plurality of disjoint time intervals in the silence zone, until identifying in one of the disjoint time intervals a specified response message associated with a single portable object, generating a selection message intended for the single portable object and entering a dialog condition for communication with the single portable object; and

station-command means for selecting between the primary and dialog conditions of said station-processing means as a function of previously specified station-command criteria.

31. A method for remote exchange of information between a station and at least one portable object, comprising the steps of:

(a) defining a range of action and specifying station command criteria;

(b) repeatedly broadcasting from the station into the range of action, when the station is in a primary condition, an enquiry message followed by a silence zone having a plurality of disjoint time intervals;

(c) responding to reception of the enquiry message, in each portable object in an initialization condition of an active state in the range of action, by randomly choosing one of the disjoint time intervals to generate a specified response message associated therewith;

(d) selectively analyzing, in the station, respective contents of the disjoint time intervals in the silence zone;

(e) identifying by the station, in the one of the disjoint time intervals, the specified response message associated with a single portable object;

(f) selecting in the station between the primary condition and a dialog condition for communication with the single portable object, as a function of the station command criteria;

(g) generating, upon selecting the dialog condition in the station, a selection message intended for the single portable object;

(h) generating an acknowledgement message in the single portable object upon reception of the selection message;

(i) changing, in the single portable object, from the initialization condition to a transactional communication condition if another enquiry message is not received after transmission of the acknowledgement message; and

(j) exchanging transactional messages between the station in the dialog condition and the single portable object in the transactional communication condition.

32. A method as recited in claim 31, wherein each transactional message exchanged in step (j) includes a control character followed by a number of data characters, the control character indicating an origin of the transactional message, the number of data characters in the transactional message and one of a first transmission of a transactional message and repetition of the transactional message.

33. A method for remote exchange of information between a station and at least one portable object, comprising the steps of:

(a) repeatedly broadcasting from the station an enquiry message followed by a silence zone having a plurality of disjoint time intervals;

(b) responding, in each portable object receiving the enquiry message, by randomly choosing one of the disjoint time intervals to generate a specified response message associated therewith;

(c) identifying by the station, in one of the disjoint time intervals, the specified response message associated with a single portable object;

(d) generating in the station a selection message intended for the single portable object;

(e) generating an acknowledgement message in the single portable object upon reception of the selection message; and

(f) exchanging information between the station and the single portable object upon receipt of the acknowledgement message by the station.