Mulching mower with improved mulching blade

• US 5,363,635 A
• Filed: 03/16/1993
• Issued: 11/15/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 03/16/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Toro Company (Toro)
• Original Assignee: Toro Company (Toro)
• Inventors: Tonsager, Gregory P., White, Donald M. III, Thorud, Richard A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bagnell, David J.
• Application Number:
  US08/031,746
• Time in Patent Office: 609 Days
• Field of Search: 56/17.5, 56/295, 56/255
• US Class Current: 56/255
• CPC Class Codes: A01D 2101/00 Lawn-mowers
• CPC Class Codes: A01D 34/005 Mulching means
• CPC Class Codes: A01D 34/73 Cutting apparatus

Abstract

A mulching mower has at least one generally enclosed cutting chamber in which a rotatable cutting blade is carried for rotation in a generally horizontal cutting plane. A sidewall defines the circumferential boundary of the cutting chamber and the grass clippings exit the cutting chamber through an open bottom side thereof. An attachment is abutted against the bottom of the blade and is secured thereto by the same attachment bolt that holds the blade to the engine drive shaft to provide a plurality of winglets that rotate in unison with the blade. The winglets include forwardly inclined grass deflecting surfaces that extend over an inner portion of each blade half and help evacuate the grass clippings from the cutting chamber. The tip portions of the blade may also be cut away or chamfered in the range of 7°-15° relative to a square radial tip configuration.

Claims

1. An improved lawn mower for cutting ground growing vegetation, wherein the lawn mower has at least one cutting blade attached to a rotatable drive means for rotating the blade about a generally vertical rotational axis thereby establishing a generally horizontal cutting plane, wherein the cutting blade includes spaced apart tip portions located on either side of a central portion of the blade, wherein the blade includes a leading edge and a trailing edge taken with reference to a forward direction of rotation of the blade, wherein the leading edge of the blade has a sharpened cutting surface for cutting the vegetation and thereby creating vegetation clippings as the blade rotates in the forward direction of rotation, and further including securing means which engages against a bottom side of the blade to secure the blade to the drive means, wherein the improvement relates to means for enhancing the mulching effectiveness of the blade which comprises:

an attachment for providing a plurality of winglets on the blade which rotate in unison with the blade, wherein the attachment comprises;

(a) support means on which the winglets are carried, wherein the support means is located below the blade with the support means being held in place against the bottom side of the blade when the blade securing means is in place, whereby a normal elevational position of the blade relative to the lawn mower is unchanged; and

(b) a plurality of winglets carried on the support means, wherein each winglet has a base portion which is attached to the support means with the winglet extending upwardly from the base portion thereof to terminate in a free upper edge spaced above the cutting plane of the blade, wherein the winglets face forwardly in the direction of rotation of the blade such that the upper edge of the winglet is located forwardly of the base portion of the winglet taken with respect to the forward direction of blade rotation, whereby vegetation clippings encountered by the winglets as the blade rotates in its forward direction of rotation will be deflected downwardly back through the cutting plane of the blade.

2. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 1, wherein the blade is formed of two halves comprising those portions of the blade extending between each tip portion and the rotational axis of the blade, and wherein at least one winglet is positioned adjacent each blade half.

3. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 2, wherein each winglet terminates in an outer end, and wherein each winglet extends over less than the full length of each blade half such that the outer end of each winglet is spaced radially inwardly from the tip portion of each blade half.

4. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 3, wherein each winglet extends over approximately the inner 20-50% of the radius of each blade half.

5. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 3, wherein each winglet extends over that portion of each blade half beginning at approximately 20% of the blade radius and extending outwardly such that the outer end of the winglet is located at between 40% and 60% of the blade radius.

6. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 4, wherein the central portion of the blade is rectangularly shaped, and wherein the support means has a channel-shaped cross-sectional configuration which is configured to allow the rectangular shape of the central portion of the blade to be nested inside the channel-shaped cross-sectional configuration of the support means in a relatively close fit.

7. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 2, wherein each winglet comprises a planar grass deflecting surface which is substantially parallel to the leading edge of the blade half.

8. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 2, wherein each winglet comprises a planar grass deflecting surface which is angled relative to the leading edge of the blade half.

9. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 8, wherein one winglet is located in advance of the leading edge of each blade half and one winglet is located behind the trailing edge of each blade half.

10. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 2, wherein each winglet is inclined at approximately 45°

relative to the horizontal.

11. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 2, further including grass deflecting means fixed inside the cutting chamber above the plane of rotation of the blade and above radially outer portions of the blade, the grass deflecting means comprising at least one kicker member having a grass deflecting surface located to intercept the grass clippings being circulated inside the cutting chamber.

12. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 1, wherein the support means is configured to abut against the bottom side of the blade over at least a portion of the central portion of the blade in a mating face-to-face relationship so as to reinforce the blade.

13. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 1, wherein the tip portions of the blade terminate adjacent a peripheral sidewall on the lawn mower which sidewall encloses the rotational path of the blade to help form a portion of a cutting chamber in which the blade is contained, and wherein the tip portions are cut back between the leading and trailing edges thereof by a chamfer in the range of about 7°

-15°

relative to a square radial tip configuration.

14. An improved lawn mower for cutting ground growing vegetation, wherein the lawn mower has at least one cutting blade attached to a rotatable drive means for rotating the blade about a generally vertical rotational axis thereby establishing a generally horizontal cutting plane, wherein the cutting blade includes spaced apart tip portions located on either side of a central portion of the blade, wherein the blade includes a leading edge and a trailing edge taken with reference to a forward direction of rotation of the blade, wherein the leading edge of the blade has a sharpened cutting surface for cutting the vegetation and thereby creating vegetation clippings as the blade rotates in the forward direction of rotation, and further including means for securing the blade to the drive means, wherein the improvement relates to means for enhancing the mulching effectiveness of the blade which comprises:

an attachment for providing a plurality of winglets on the blade which rotate in unison with the blade, wherein the attachment comprises;

(a) support means on which the winglets are carried, wherein the support means is abutted against the blade such that the support means and the blade are clamped together when the blade securing means is used to secure the blade to the drive means;

(b) a plurality of winglets carried on the support means, wherein each winglet has a base portion with the winglet extending upwardly from the base portion thereof to terminate in a free upper edge spaced above the cutting plane of the blade, and wherein each winglet is inclined forwardly with respect to the forward direction of rotation of the blade such that the upper edge of the winglet forms a leading edge of the winglet and the base portion of the winglet forms a trailing edge of the winglet taken with reference to the forward direction of rotation of the blade; and

(c) wherein the blade is formed of two halves comprising those portions of the blade extending between each tip portion and the rotational axis of the blade, and wherein at least one winglet is provided for each blade half, and wherein each winglet extends over that portion of each blade half beginning at approximately 20% of the blade radius and continuing outwardly to at least approximately 40% of the blade radius.

15. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 14, wherein an outer end of each winglet is located at between 40% and 60% of the blade radius.

16. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 14, wherein the blade securing means engages against a bottom side of the blade to secure the blade to the drive means, and wherein the support means for the winglets is located below the blade between the blade and the blade securing means such that the support means is held in place against the bottom side of the blade when the blade securing means is in place.

17. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 14, wherein each winglet comprises a substantially planar grass deflecting surface which is substantially parallel to the leading edge of the blade.

18. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 14, wherein each winglet comprises a substantially planar grass deflecting surface which is angularly offset relative to the leading edge of the blade.

19. An improved lawn mower for cutting ground growing vegetation, wherein the lawn mower has at least one cutting blade attached to a rotatable drive means for rotating the blade about a generally vertical rotational axis, wherein the cutting blade is contained in a mulching mode inside a generally enclosed cutting chamber having a peripheral sidewall and a substantially open bottom side, wherein the cutting blade includes spaced apart tip portions located on either side of a central portion of the blade, wherein the blade includes a leading edge and a trailing edge taken with reference to a forward direction of rotation of the blade, wherein the leading edge of the blade has a sharpened cutting surface for cutting the vegetation and thereby creating vegetation clippings as the blade rotates in the forward direction of rotation, and further including means for securing the blade to the drive means, wherein the improvement relates to means for enhancing the mower'"'"'s mulching effectiveness, which comprises:

(a) grass deflecting means fixed inside the cutting chamber above a plane of rotation of the blade and above radially outer portions of the blade, the grass deflecting means having a grass deflecting surface located to intercept the grass clippings being circulated inside the cutting chamber; and

(b) a plurality of winglets that rotate in unison with the blade with the winglets acting as rotating kickers for further deflecting the vegetation clippings downwardly, wherein the winglets are inclined forwardly in the direction of rotation of the blade such that an upper edge of the winglet is located forwardly of a lower edge of the winglet taken with respect to the forward direction of blade rotation.

20. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 19, wherein the blade is formed of two halves comprising those portions of the blade extending between each tip portion and the rotational axis of the blade, and wherein at least one winglet is positioned adjacent each blade half.

21. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 20, wherein each winglet is long enough to extend over that portion of each blade half beginning at approximately 20% of the blade radius and extending outwardly such that an outer end of the winglet is located at between 40% and 60% of the blade radius.

22. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 19, wherein the tip portions of the blade terminate adjacent the peripheral sidewall, and wherein the tip portions are cut back between the leading and trailing edges thereof by a chamfer in the range of about 7°

-15°

relative to a square radial tip configuration.

23. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 19, wherein the grass deflecting means comprises at least one kicker member.

24. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 23, wherein the grass deflecting means comprises a plurality of kicker members circumferentially spaced around the cutting chamber.

25. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 19, wherein the winglet has a vertically highest edge in relation to the cutting plane of the blade with this vertically highest edge being located above the cutting plane of the blade, and wherein this vertically highest edge comprises the upper edge of the winglet.

26. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 19, wherein the cutting chamber includes a selectively openable and closable grass discharge outlet, and further including selectively operable means for blocking the grass discharge outlet to place the mower in its mulching mode.

27. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 19, wherein the cutting chamber is defined by a continuous sidewall and adjoining top wall which are substantially solid and which have no grass discharge outlet such that the mower has only a mulching mode in which the only exit for the clippings is through the open bottom side of the cutting chamber.

28. An improved lawn mower for cutting ground growing vegetation, wherein the lawn mower has at least one cutting blade attached to a rotatable drive means for rotating the blade in a generally horizontal cutting plane about a generally vertical rotational axis, wherein the cutting blade is contained in a mulching mode inside a generally enclosed cutting chamber having a peripheral sidewall and a substantially open bottom side, wherein the cutting blade includes spaced apart tip portions located on either side of a central portion of the blade, wherein each tip portion includes a leading edge and a trailing edge taken with reference to a forward direction of rotation of the blade, wherein the leading edge of the blade has a sharpened cutting surface for cutting the vegetation and thereby creating vegetation clippings as the blade rotates in the forward direction of rotation, wherein the improvement relates to means for enhancing the mower'"'"'s mulching effectiveness, which comprises:

tip portions of the blade which terminate adjacent the peripheral sidewall, and wherein the tip portions are cut back between the leading and trailing edges thereof by a chamfer in the range of about 7°

-15°

relative to a square radial tip configuration.

29. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 28, further including grass deflecting means fixed inside the cutting chamber above the plane of rotation of the blade and above radially outer portions of the blade, the grass deflecting means comprising at least one kicker member having a grass deflecting surface located to intercept the grass clippings being circulated inside the cutting chamber.

30. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 28, wherein the cutting chamber includes a selectively openable and closable grass discharge outlet, and further including selectively operable means for blocking the grass discharge outlet to place the mower in its mulching mode.

31. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 28, wherein the cutting chamber is defined by a continuous sidewall and adjoining top wall which are substantially solid and which have no grass discharge outlet such that the mower has only a mulching mode in which the only exit for the clippings is through the open bottom side of the cutting chamber.

32. An improved lawn mower for cutting ground growing vegetation, wherein the lawn mower has at least one cutting blade attached to a rotatable drive means for rotating the blade about a generally vertical rotational axis thereby establishing a generally horizontal cutting plane, wherein the cutting blade includes spaced apart tip portions located on either side of a central portion of the blade, wherein the blade includes a leading edge and a trailing edge taken with reference to a forward direction of rotation of the blade, wherein the leading edge of the blade has a sharpened cutting surface for cutting the vegetation and thereby creating vegetation clippings as the blade rotates in the forward direction of rotation, and further including securing means which engages against a bottom side of the blade to secure the blade to the drive means, wherein the improvement relates to means for enhancing the mulching effectiveness of the blade which comprises:

an attachment for providing a plurality of winglets on the blade which rotate in unison with the blade, wherein the attachment comprises;

(a) support means on which the winglets are carried, wherein the support means is located below the blade with the support means being held in place against the bottom side of the blade when the blade securing means is in place, whereby a normal elevational position of the blade relative to the lawn mower is unchanged;

(b) a plurality of winglets carried on the support means, wherein each winglet has a base portion which is attached to the support means with the winglet extending upwardly from the base portion thereof to terminate in a free upper edge spaced above the cutting plane of the blade;

(c) wherein the tip portions of the blade terminate adjacent a peripheral sidewall on the lawn mower which sidewall encloses the rotational path of the blade to help form a portion of a cutting chamber in which the blade is contained, and wherein the tip portions are cut back between the leading and trailing edges thereof by a chamfer in the range of about 7°

-15°

relative to a square radial tip configuration.

33. An improved lawn mower for cutting ground growing vegetation, wherein the lawn mower has at least one cutting blade attached to a rotatable drive means for rotating the blade about a generally vertical rotational axis thereby establishing a generally horizontal cutting plane, wherein the cutting blade includes spaced apart tip portions located on either side of a central portion of the blade, wherein the blade includes a leading edge and a trailing edge taken with reference to a forward direction of rotation of the blade, wherein the leading edge of the blade has a sharpened cutting surface for cutting the vegetation and thereby creating vegetation clippings as the blade rotates in the forward direction of rotation, and further including securing means which engages against a bottom side of the blade to secure the blade to the drive means, wherein the improvement relates to means for enhancing the mulching effectiveness of the blade which comprises:

an attachment for providing a plurality of winglets on the blade which rotate in unison with the blade, wherein the attachment comprises;

(a) support means on which the winglets are carried, wherein the support means is located below the blade with the support means being held in place against the bottom side of the blade when the blade securing means is in place, whereby a normal elevational position of the blade relative to the lawn mower is unchanged;

(b) a plurality of winglets carried on the support means, wherein each winglet has a base portion which is attached to the support means with the winglet extending upwardly from the base portion thereof to terminate in a free upper edge spaced above the cutting plane of the blade; and

(c) wherein the blade is formed of two halves comprising those portions of the blade extending between each tip portion and the rotational axis of the blade, wherein at least one winglet is positioned adjacent each blade half, and wherein each winglet comprises a planar grass deflecting surface which is substantially parallel to the leading edge of the blade half.

34. An improved lawn mower for cutting ground growing vegetation, wherein the lawn mower has at least one cutting blade attached to a rotatable drive means for rotating the blade about a generally vertical rotational axis, wherein the cutting blade is contained inside a generally enclosed cutting chamber having a peripheral sidewall and a substantially open bottom side in a mulching mode thereof, wherein the cutting blade includes spaced apart tip portions located on either side of a central portion of the blade, wherein the blade includes a leading edge and a trailing edge taken with reference to a forward direction of rotation of the blade, wherein the leading edge has a sharpened cutting surface for cutting the vegetation and thereby creating vegetation clippings as the blade rotates in the forward direction of rotation, and further including means for securing the blade to the drive means, wherein the improvement relates to means for enhancing the mower'"'"'s mulching effectiveness, which comprises:

(a) at least two airflow inducing sails which are swept up and inclined rearwardly with respect to a forward direction of rotation of the blade, wherein one said is located at each tip portion of the blade to create a generally circular flow of clippings within the cutting chamber located above the blade;

(b) at least two winglets which rotate in unison with radially inner portions of the blade with the winglets located radially inboard of the sails, wherein the winglets extend upwardly from the plane in which the radially inner portions of the blade rotate and are inclined forwardly with respect to a forward direction of rotation of the blade with a substantial portion of each winglet being located above the plane in which the radially inner portions of the blade rotate; and

(c) wherein the cutting chamber is sufficiently open above the blade such that both the sails and the winglets are exposed to the grass clippings which are circulating in the cutting chamber under the influence of the airflow created by the sails.

35. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 34, wherein the winglets are carried on an attachment that is secured to one side of the blade to detachably secure the winglets to the blade.

36. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 35, wherein the attachment is clamped against a bottom side of the blade.

37. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 34, wherein the cutting chamber includes a selectively openable and closable grass discharge outlet, and further including selectively operable means for blocking the grass discharge outlet to place the mower in its mulching mode.

38. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 34, wherein the cutting chamber is defined by a continuous sidewall and adjoining top wall which are substantially solid and which have no grass discharge outlet such that the mower has only a mulching mode in which the only exit for the clippings is through the open bottom side of the cutting chamber.

39. An improved lawn mower as recited in claim 34, and further including deflecting means fixed inside the cutting chamber above the cutting plane of the blade and above the tip portions of the blade, the deflecting means having a deflecting surface located to intercept the clippings being circulated inside the cutting chamber and to deflect such clippings downwardly.