Rotational speed control and use of same to control the rotational speed of an electric hand tool motor

• US 5,365,155 A
• Filed: 01/29/1993
• Issued: 11/15/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 10/22/1990
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Marquardt GmbH (J U J Marquardt KG)
• Original Assignee: Marquardt GmbH (J U J Marquardt KG)
• Inventors: Zimmermann, Bernward
• Primary Examiner(s): SALATA, ANTHONY J
• Application Number:
  US08/012,139
• Time in Patent Office: 655 Days
• Field of Search: 318/268, 318/257, 388/802, 388/807, 388/824, 388/937, 388/838, 200/172, 200/26, 200/61.4, 200/64.46, 200/505, 338/32 H, 338/32 R, 338/162, 310/96, 81/469, 81/473, 81/479, 81/57.11
• US Class Current: 318/268
• CPC Class Codes: B25F 5/00 Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2239/078 Variable resistance by variable contact area or point
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 9/06 Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 9/061 enclosing a continuously variable impedance
• CPC Class Codes: H02P 25/14 Universal motors H02P25/12 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 388/937 Hand tool

Abstract

The process of controlling rotational speed of an electric motor of an electric hand tool, including providing an electric motor of an electric hand tool with a rotational speed control comprised of displacement means for providing displacement in response to manual operation of the electric hand tool selected from the group consisting essentially of a linear displacement device for providing linear displacement (s) and an actuating dial for providing arcuate displacement (S); an elastic membrane to which the displacement means is articulatedly connected so that during displacement of the displacement means the elastic membrane deforms as a function of the displacement; actuating means comprising a sensor element coupled to the elastic membrane so that the sensor element produces an electrical output variable as a function of the deformation of the elastic membrane, the sensor element being selected from the group consisting essentially of a Hall sensor, an inductive sensor, and a sensor switch; and an electronic switch for rotational speed control connected to the actuating means, from which it receives the electrical output variable, and to the electric motor of the electric hand tool; and manually operating the displacement means of the rotational speed control to control the rotational speed of the electric motor.

Claims

1. A rotational speed control for electric motors of electric hand tools, comprising:

a. displacement means for providing displacement in response to manual operation of the electric hand tool selected from the group consisting essentially of a linear displacement device for providing linear displacement (s) and an actuating dial for providing arcuate displacement (S);

b. an elastic membrane to which the displacement means is articulatedly connected via a spring so that during displacement of the displacement means the elastic membrane deforms as a function of the displacement;

c. actuating means comprised of a sensor element coupled to the elastic membrane so that the sensor element produces an electrical output variable as a function of the deformation of the elastic membrane, the sensor element being selected from the group consisting essentially of a Hall sensor, an inductive sensor, and a sensor switch; and

d. an electronic switch for rotational speed control connected to the actuating means, from which it receives the electrical output variable, and to the electric motor of the electric hand tool.

2. The rotational speed control according to claim 1, wherein the displacement means comprises a push-button for providing linear displacement (s), and wherein the sensor element is a Hall sensor in which a Hall voltage is generated in use and which includes a magnetic conducting piece which is displaceable, and a semiconductor layer which is stationary and through which a current flows, the displacement (s) of the displacement means in use slidably moving the magnetic conducting piece past the semiconductor layer in a contact-less manner thereby varying the Hall voltage.

3. The rotational speed control according to claim 1, wherein the displacement means comprises a push-button for providing linear displacement (s) and has a soft-iron rod displaceably mounted thereon, and wherein the sensor element is an inductive sensor having at least one stationary coil through which current flows, the displacement (s) of the push-button in use moving the soft-iron rod past the at least one stationary coil thereby changing the inductance thereof.

4. The rotational speed control according to claim 1, wherein the displacement means comprises an actuating dial for providing arcuate displacement (S), and wherein the sensor element is a Hall sensor in which a Hall voltage is generated in use and which includes a magnetic conducting piece which is displaceable and positioned on the displacement means, and a semiconductor layer which is stationary and through which a current flows, the arcuate displacement (S) of the actuating dial in use slidably moving the magnetic conducting piece past the semiconductor layer in a contactless manner for the purpose of varying the Hall voltage.

5. The rotational speed control according to claim 1, wherein the displacement means comprises an actuating dial for providing arcuate displacement (S) and has a soft-iron rod displaceably mounted thereon, and wherein the sensor element is an inductive sensor having at least one stationary coil through which current flows, the acurate displacement (S) of the actuating dial in use moving the soft-iron rod past the at least one stationary coil thereby changing the inductance thereof.

6. The rotational speed control according to claim 1, wherein the displacement means further comprises a tappet to which one end of the spring is attached, and wherein the elastic membrane further comprises an elastic intermediate layer positioned between the tappet and the elastic membrane.

7. The rotational speed control according to claim 1, wherein the sensor element is a sensor switch and comprises a circuit to which a voltage is applied comprised of a plurality of electric resistors connected in series by a plurality of conductor strips, the conductor strips having defined therein a plurality of switching elements, and an electrically conductive metal layer provided on the elastic membrane on the side thereof remote from the displacement means, and wherein deformation of the elastic membrane causes the electrically conductive metal layer to contact individual conductor strips thereby bridging respective switching elements defined therein to close the respective switches and provide a voltage drop as the electrical output variable of the sensor switch.

8. The rotational speed control according to claim 7, wherein the elastic membrane further comprises an elastic intermediate layer provided between the displacement means and the elastic membrane and comprised of an elastomer.

9. The rotational speed control according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of electric resistors are integrated into the plurality of conductor strips during metallization thereof.

10. The rotational speed control according to claim 1, wherein the elastic membrane is made of a thin metal sheet.

11. The rotational speed control according to claim 1, wherein the elastic membrane is made of silicon.

12. The rotational speed control according to claim 11, wherein the elastic membrane is a micro-machined membrane formed from a silicon base plate by anisotropic etching thereof.

13. The rotational speed control according to claim 12, wherein the electrically conductive metal layer and the plurality of conductor strips are applied subsequent to the formation of the micro-machined membrane from the silicon base plate, and wherein the plurality of electrical resistors are integrated into the plurality of conductor strips.

14. The process of controlling rotational speed of an electric motor of an electric hand tool, comprising:

a. providing an electric motor of an electric hand tool with a rotational speed control comprised of;

(1) displacement means for providing displacement in response to manual operation of the electric hand tool selected from the group consisting essentially of a linear displacement device for providing linear displacement (s) and an actuating dial for providing arcuate displacement (S),

(2) an elastic membrane to which the displacement means is articulatedly connected via a spring so that during displacement of the displacement means the elastic membrane deforms as a function of the displacement;

(3) actuating means comprising a sensor element coupled to the elastic membrane so that the sensor element produces an electrical output variable as a function of the deformation of the elastic membrane, the sensor element being selected from the group consisting essentially of a Hall sensor, an inductive sensor, and a sensor switch; and

(4) an electronic switch for rotational speed control connected to the actuating means, from which it receives the electrical output variable, and to the electric motor of the electric hand tool; and

b. manually operating the displacement means of the rotational speed control to control the rotational speed of the electric motor.

15. The process according to claim 14, wherein the displacement means comprises a push-button for providing linear displacement (s), and wherein the sensor element is a Hall sensor in which a Hall voltage is generated in use and which includes a magnetic conducting piece which is displaceable, and a semiconductor layer which is stationary and through which a current flows, the displacement (s) of the displacement means in use slidably moving the magnetic conducting piece past the semiconductor layer in a contact-less manner thereby varying the Hall voltage.

16. The process according to claim 14, wherein the displacement means comprises a push-button for providing linear displacement (s) and has a soft-iron rod displaceably mounted thereon, and wherein the sensor element is an inductive sensor having at least one stationary coil through which current flows, the displacement (s) of the push-button in use moving the soft-iron rod past the at least one stationary coil thereby changing the inductance thereof.

17. The process according to claim 14, wherein the displacement means comprises an actuating dial for providing arcuate displacement (S), and wherein the sensor element is a Hall sensor in which a Hall voltage is generated in use and which includes a magnetic conducting piece which is displaceable and positioned on the displacement means, and a semiconductor layer which is stationary and through which a current flows, the arcuate displacement (S) of the actuating dial in use slidably moving the magnetic conducting piece past the semiconductor layer in a contactless manner for the purpose of varying the Hall voltage.

18. The process according to claim 14, wherein the displacement means comprises an actuating dial for providing arcuate displacement (S) and has a soft-iron rod displaceably mounted thereon, and wherein the sensor element is an inductive sensor having at least one stationary coil through which current flows, the arcuate displacement (S) of the actuating dial in use moving the soft-iron rod past the at least one stationary coil thereby changing the inductance thereof.

19. The process according to claim 15, wherein the displacement means further comprises a tappet to which one end of the spring is attached, and wherein the elastic membrane further comprises an elastic intermediate layer positioned between the tappet and the elastic membrane.

20. The process according to claim 14, wherein the sensor element is a sensor switch and comprises a circuit to which a voltage is applied comprised of a plurality of electric resistors connected in series by a plurality of conductor strips, the conductor strips having defined therein a plurality of switching elements, and an electrically conductive metal layer provided on the elastic membrane on the side thereof remote from the displacement means, and wherein deformation of the elastic membrane causes the electrically conductive metal layer to contact individual conductor strips thereby bridging respective switching elements defined therein to close the respective switches and provide a voltage drop as the electrical output variable of the sensor switch.

21. The process according to claim 20, wherein the elastic membrane further comprises an elastic intermediate layer provided between the displacement means and the elastic membrane and comprised of an elastomer.

22. The process according to claim 20, wherein the plurality of electric resistors are integrated into the plurality of conductor strips during metallization thereof.

23. The process according to claim 14, wherein the elastic membrane is made of a thin metal sheet.

24. The process according to claim 14, wherein the elastic membrane is made of silicon.

25. The process according to claim 24, wherein the elastic membrane is a micro-machined membrane formed from a silicon base plate by anisotropic etching thereof.

26. The process according to claim 25, wherein the electrically conductive metal layer and the plurality of conductor strips are applied subsequent to the formation of the micro-machined membrane from the silicon base plate, and wherein the plurality of electrical resistors are integrated into the plurality of conductor strips.