Method of removing spurious responses from optical joint transform correlators

• US 5,367,579 A
• Filed: 06/25/1993
• Issued: 11/22/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 06/25/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The United States of America As Represented By The Secretary of Agriculture
• Original Assignee: United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force
• Inventors: Javidi, Bahram, Tang, Qing
• Primary Examiner(s): COUSO, YON JUNG
• Application Number:
  US08/083,152
• Time in Patent Office: 515 Days
• Field of Search: 382/31, 382/42, 382/43, 359/559, 359/561, 364/822, 250/550
• US Class Current: 382/210
• CPC Class Codes: G06E 3/003 forming integrals of products, e.g. Fourier integrals, Laplace integrals, correlation integrals; for analysis or synthesis of functions using orthogonal functions
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 10/92 using spatial domain filters, e.g. joint transform correlators

Abstract

A joint transform optical correlator is disclosed having an optical path length adjustment technique for causing a first optical path length between the reference image plane and the first Fourier transform lens to differ from a second optical path length between the input image plane and the first Fourier transform lens by an amount whereby the second Fourier transform lens separates the desired cross-correlation signals from the undesired signals to enhance the performance and reliability of the correlator.

Claims

1. A joint transform correlator for producing a plurality of joint transform image cross-correlation signals comprising:

(a) joint image production means for producing a joint image of a reference image at a reference image plane and an input image at an input image plane;

(b) first Fourier transform means for producing an interference pattern between Fourier transforms of said reference image and said input image;

(c) detector means for detecting said interference pattern and for outputting a Fourier transform interference intensity distribution signal;

(d) a second Fourier transform means for inverse Fourier transforming said interference intensity distribution signal;

(e) and further including optical path length adjustment means for causing a first optical path length between said reference image plane and said first Fourier transform means to differ from a second optical path length between said input image plane and said first Fourier transform means by an amount whereby said second Fourier transform means produces a first off-axis cross-correlation function signal in a first plane and a second off-axis cross-correlation function signal in a second plane separated from said first plane.

2. The correlator of claim 1 wherein said optical path length adjustment means comprises a single transparent optical element having an index of refraction greater than one and positioned to intercept light from only one image produced by said joint image production means.

3. The correlator of claim 2 wherein said transparent optical element comprises a rectangular block.

4. The correlator of claim 1 wherein said detector means comprises a nonlinear liquid crystal light valve.

5. The correlator of claim 2 wherein said detector means comprises a nonlinear liquid crystal light valve.

6. The correlator of claim 3 wherein said detector means comprises a nonlinear liquid crystal light valve.

19. The correlator of claim 2 wherein said joint image production means comprises a single spatial light modulator.

20. The correlator of claim 3 wherein said joint image production means comprises a single spatial light modulator.

7. A joint transform correlator for producing a plurality of joint transform image cross-correlation signals comprising:

(a) joint image production means for producing a joint image of a reference image at a reference input plane and an input image at an input image plane;

(b) a first Fourier transform lens means for producing an interference pattern between Fourier transforms of said reference image and said input image;

(c) an image energy detector located at a Fourier plane for receiving said interference pattern and for outputting a light pattern comprising a Fourier transform interference intensity signal;

(d) a second Fourier transform lens means for receiving said light pattern from said image energy detector and for inverse Fourier transforming said light pattern;

(e) and further including optical path length adjustment means for causing a first optical path length between a reference image plane and said first Fourier transform lens means to differ from a second optical path length between an input image plane and said first Fourier transform lens means by an amount whereby said second Fourier transform lens means focuses a first off-axis cross-correlation function signal in a first plane and a second off-axis cross-correlation function signal in a second plane separated from said first plane.

8. The correlator of claim 7 wherein said optical path length adjustment means comprises a single transparent optical element having an index of refraction greater than one and positioned to intercept light from only one image produced by said joint image production means.

9. The correlator of claim 8 wherein said transparent optical element comprises a rectangular block.

10. The correlator of claim 7 wherein said energy detector comprises a nonlinear liquid crystal light valve.

11. The correlator of claim 8 wherein said energy detector comprises a nonlinear liquid crystal light valve.

12. The correlator of claim 9 wherein said energy detector comprises a nonlinear liquid crystal light valve.

13. A joint transform correlator for producing a plurality of joint transform image cross-correlation signals comprising:

(a) joint image production means for producing a joint image of a reference image at a reference input plane and an input image at an input image plane;

(b) a first Fourier transform lens means for producing an interference pattern between Fourier transforms of said reference image and said input image;

(c) a nonlinear thresholded image detector for receiving said interference pattern and for outputting a binary Fourier transform interference intensity distribution signal;

(d) a second Fourier transform lens means for inverse Fourier transforming said binary Fourier transform interference intensity distribution signal;

(e) and further including optical path length adjustment means for causing a first optical path length between a reference image plane and said first Fourier transform lens means to differ from a second optical path length between an input image plane and said first Fourier transform lens means by an amount whereby said second Fourier transform lens means focuses a first off-axis cross-correlation peak signal in a first plane and a second off-axis cross-correlation peak signal in a second plane separated from said first plane.

14. The correlator of claim 13 wherein said optical path length adjustment means comprises a single transparent optical element having an index of refraction greater than one and positioned to intercept light from only one image produced by said joint image production means.

15. The correlator of claim 14 wherein said transparent optical element comprises a rectangular block.

16. The correlator of claim 13 wherein said nonlinear thresholded image detector comprises a nonlinear liquid crystal light valve.

17. The correlator of claim 14 wherein said nonlinear thresholded image detector comprises a nonlinear liquid crystal light valve.

18. The correlator of claim 15 wherein said nonlinear threshold image detector comprises a nonlinear liquid crystal light valve.

21. The correlator of claim 14 wherein said joint image production means comprises a single spatial light modulator.

22. The correlator of claim 15 wherein said joint image production means comprises a single spatial light modulator.