Manually positioned focussed energy system guided by medical imaging

• US 5,368,032 A
• Filed: 11/09/1993
• Issued: 11/29/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 11/09/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Txsonics-Limited
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Cline, Harvey E., Watkins, Ronald D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Smith, Ruth S.
• Application Number:
  US08/149,485
• Time in Patent Office: 385 Days
• Field of Search: 128/653.1, 128/653.2, 128/653.5, 128/660.3, 128/24 AA, 128/24 EL, 607/97, 601/2-4
• US Class Current: 600/411
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/107 Visualisation of planned trajectories or target regions
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2063 Acoustic tracking systems, e.g. using ultrasound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/365 augmented reality, i.e. correlating a live optical image with another image
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/374 NMR or MRI
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 7/02 Localised ultrasound hyperthermia hyperthermia in general A61F7/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/285 Invasive instruments, e.g. catheters or biopsy needles, specially adapted for tracking, guiding or visualization by NMR
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/4804 Spatially selective measurement of temperature or pH

Abstract

A manually positioned focussed energy transducer system facilitates medical procedures by allowing a physician to manually position the focal point of the focussed energy transducer to a selected tissue. The focal point of the focussed energy transducer is the location which tissue is destroyed when the energy transducer is activated. A tracking device tracks the position and orientation of the ultrasound transducer. An MR imaging system creates an image of internal structures of the patient near the location of the energy transducer. A superposition device receives the position and orientation of the ultrasound transducer from the tracking device and superimposes a symbol on the image corresponding to the position of the energy transducer relative to the patient. This allows the physician to adjust the position of the energy transducer to the appropriate location without the need for energizing the energy transducer.

Claims

1. A manually positioned focussed energy system for selectively heating a region of a patient, comprising:

a) an open magnet magnetic resonance (MR) imaging system for providing an image signal from internal structures of said patient;

b) an energy transducer for focussing energy at a focal point;

c) tracking means for determining the position and orientation of the energy transducer;

d) display means for displaying an image;

e) general purpose computer coupled to the tracking means, the MR imaging system, and the display means, receiving position and orientation information of the energy transducer from the tracking means, directing the MR imaging system to acquire image signals of internal structures of the patient near the energy transducer, and providing the image signals to the display means to produce an image of the internal structures of the patient;

f) a superposition device coupled to the tracking means and display means for receiving the position and orientation of the energy transducer and superimposing a symbol indicating the position and orientation of the focal point of the energy transducer on the image of the display means.

2. The manually positioned focussed energy system of claim 1 wherein the energy transducer comprises an ultrasound transducer.

3. The manually positioned focussed energy system of claim 1 wherein the tracking means comprises a mechanical arm attached to the energy transducer having a plurality of joints, each joint having a position sensor for measuring its current position, the arm providing the location and orientation of the energy transducer from the positions measured from the sensors.

4. The manually positioned focussed energy system of claim 1 wherein the tracking means comprises

a) a plurality of infrared emitters fixed with respect to the energy transducer;

and

b) a plurality of infrared tracking units tracking the infrared emitters and calculating a position and orientation of the energy transducer.