Method of forming berryllium bearing metallic glass
First Claim
1. A method for making a metallic glass having at least 50% amorphous phase comprising the steps of:
- forming an alloy having the formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">(Zr.sub.1-x Ti.sub.x).sub.a1 ETM.sub.a2 (Cu.sub.1-y Ni.sub.y).sub.b1 LTM.sub.b2 Be.sub.cwhere x and y are atomic fractions, and a1, a2, b1, b2, and c are atomic percentages, wherein;
ETM is at least one early transition metal selected from the group consisting of V, Nb, Hf, and Cr, wherein the atomic percentage of Cr is no more than 0.2 a1;
LTM is a late transition metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Mn, Ru, Ag and Pd;
a2 is in the range of from 0 to 0.4a1;
x is in the range of from 0 to 0.4; and
y is in the range of from 0 to 1; and
(A) when x is in the range of from 0 to 0.15;
(a1+a2) is in the range of from 30 to 75%,(b1+b2) is in the range of from 5 to 62%,b2 is in the range of from 0 to 25%, andc is in the range of from 6 to 47%;
(B) when x is in the range of from 0.15 to 0.4;
(a1+a2) is in the range of from 30 to 75%,(b1+b2) is in the range of from 5 to 62%,b2 is in the range of from 0 to 25%, andc is in the range of from 2 to 47%; and
cooling the entire alloy from above its melting point to a temperature below its glass transition temperature at a sufficient rate to prevent formation of more than 50% crystalline phase.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Alloys which form metallic glass upon cooling below the glass transition temperature at a rate appreciably less than 106 K/s comprise beryllium in the range of from 2 to 47 atomic percent and at least one early transition metal in the range of from 30 to 75% and at least one late transition metal in the range of from 5 to 62%. A preferred group of metallic glass alloys has the formula (Zr1-x Tix)a (Cu1-y Niy)b Bec. Generally, a is in the range from 30 to 75% and the lower limit increases with increasing x. When x is in the range of from 0 to 0.15, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 6 to 47%. When x is in the range of from 0.15 to 0.4, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 47%. When x is in the range of from 0.4 to 0.6, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 47%. When x is in the range of from 0.6 to 0.8, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 42%. When x is in the range of from 0.8 to 1, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 30%. Other elements may also be present in the alloys in varying proportions.
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Citations
53 Claims
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1. A method for making a metallic glass having at least 50% amorphous phase comprising the steps of:
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forming an alloy having the formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">(Zr.sub.1-x Ti.sub.x).sub.a1 ETM.sub.a2 (Cu.sub.1-y Ni.sub.y).sub.b1 LTM.sub.b2 Be.sub.cwhere x and y are atomic fractions, and a1, a2, b1, b2, and c are atomic percentages, wherein; ETM is at least one early transition metal selected from the group consisting of V, Nb, Hf, and Cr, wherein the atomic percentage of Cr is no more than 0.2 a1; LTM is a late transition metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Mn, Ru, Ag and Pd; a2 is in the range of from 0 to 0.4a1; x is in the range of from 0 to 0.4; and y is in the range of from 0 to 1; and (A) when x is in the range of from 0 to 0.15; (a1+a2) is in the range of from 30 to 75%, (b1+b2) is in the range of from 5 to 62%, b2 is in the range of from 0 to 25%, and c is in the range of from 6 to 47%; (B) when x is in the range of from 0.15 to 0.4; (a1+a2) is in the range of from 30 to 75%, (b1+b2) is in the range of from 5 to 62%, b2 is in the range of from 0 to 25%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 47%; and cooling the entire alloy from above its melting point to a temperature below its glass transition temperature at a sufficient rate to prevent formation of more than 50% crystalline phase. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method for making a metallic glass having at least 50% amorphous phase comprising the steps of:
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forming an alloy having the formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">(Zr.sub.1-x Ti.sub.x).sub.a1 ETM.sub.a2 (Cu.sub.1-y,Ni.sub.y).sub.b1 LTM.sub.b2 Be.sub.cwhere x and y are atomic fractions, and a1, a2, b1, b2, b3 and c are atomic percentages, wherein; ETM is an early transition metal selected from the group consisting of V, Nb, Hf, and Cr wherein the atomic percentage of Cr is no more than 0.2a1; LTM is a late transition metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Mn, Ru, Ag and Pd; a2 is in the range of from 0 to 0.4 a1; x is in the range of from 0.4 to 1; and y is in the range of from 0 to 1; and (A) when x is in the range of from 0.4 to 0.6; (a1+a2) is in the range of from 35 to 75%, (b1+b2) is in the range of from 5 to 62%, b2 is in the range of from 0 to 25%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 47%; (B) when x is in the range of from 0.6 to 0.8; (a1+a2) is in the range of from 35 to 75%, (b1+b2) is in the range of from 5 to 62%, b2 is in the range of from 0 to 25%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 42%; and (C) when x is in the range of from 0.8 to 1; (a1+a2) is in the range of from 35 to 75%, (b1+b2) is in the range of from 5 to 62%, b2is in the range of from 0 to 25%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 30%, under the constraint that 3c is up to (100-b1-b2) when (b1+b2) is in the range of from 10 to 49%; and cooling the entire alloy from above its melting point to a temperature below its glass transition temperature at a sufficient rate to prevent formation of more than 50% crystalline phase. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
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21. A method for making a metallic glass having at least 50% amorphous phase comprising the steps of:
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forming an alloy having the formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">(Zr.sub.1-x Ti.sub.x).sub.a (Cu.sub.1-y Ni.sub.y).sub.b Be.sub.cwhere x and y are atomic fractions, a, b and c are atomic percentages, wherein y is in the range of from 0 to 1, x is in the range of from 0 to 0.4, and wherein; when x is in the range of from 0 to 0.15, a is in the range of from 30 to 75%, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 6 to 47%; and when x is in the range of from 0.15 to 0.4, a is in the range of from 30 to 75%, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 47%; and cooling the entire alloy from above its melting point to a temperature below its glass transition temperature at a sufficient rate to prevent formation of more than 50% crystalline phase. - View Dependent Claims (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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32. A method for making a metallic glass having at least 50% amorphous phase comprising the steps of:
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forming an alloy having the formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">(Zr.sub.1-x Ti.sub.x).sub.a (Cu.sub.1-y Ni.sub.y).sub.b Be.sub.cwhere x and y are atomic fractions, a, b and c are atomic percentages, wherein y is in the range of from 0 to 1, x is in the range of from 0.4 to 1, and wherein; (A) when x is in the range of from 0.4 to 0.6; a is in the range of from 35 to 75%, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 47%; (B) when x is in the range of from 0.6 to 0.8; a is in the range of from 35 to 75%, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 42%; and (C) when x is in the range of from 0.8 to 1; a is in the range of from 35 to 75%, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 30%, under the constraint that 3c is up to (100-b) when b is in the range of from 10 to 49%; and cooling the entire alloy from above its melting point to a temperature below its glass transition temperature at a sufficient rate to prevent formation of more than 50% crystalline phase. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
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43. A method for making a metallic glass having at least 50% amorphous phase comprising the steps of:
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forming an alloy having the formula
space="preserve" listing-type="equation">((Zr,Hf,Ti).sub.x ETM.sub.1-x).sub.a (Cu.sub.1-y Ni.sub.y).sub.b1 LTM.sub.b2 Be.sub.cwhere x and y are atomic fractions, and a, b1, b2, and c are atomic percentages; the atomic fraction of Ti in the ((Hf,Zr,Ti) ETM) moiety is less than 0.7; x is in the range of from 0.8 to 1; LTM is a late transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cu, Fe, Co, Mn, Ru, Ag and Pd; ETM is an early transition metal selected from the group consisting of V, Nb, Y, Nd, Gd and other rare earth elements, Cr, Mo, Ta, and W; a is in the range of from 30 to 75%; (b1+b2) is in the range of from 5 to 57%; and c is in the range of from 6 to 45%; and cooling the entire alloy from above its melting point to a temperature below its glass transition temperature at a sufficient rate to prevent formation of more than 50% crystalline phase. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53)
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Specification