Distributed current and voltage sampling function for an electric power monitoring unit

• US 5,369,356 A
• Filed: 06/08/1993
• Issued: 11/29/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 08/30/1991
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Siemens Industry Incorporated (Siemens AG)
• Original Assignee: Siemens Energy & Automation Incorporated (Siemens AG)
• Inventors: Zavis, Wayne M., Cronvich, James T., Kinney, Michael A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Karlsen, Ernest F.
• Application Number:
  US08/073,913
• Time in Patent Office: 539 Days
• Field of Search: 324/141, 324/142, 324/107, 361/88, 361/93, 340/664, 364/483, 328/151, 307/352, 307/353
• US Class Current: 324/142
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 21/133 by using digital technique
• CPC Class Codes: H01H 2071/006 Provisions for user interfaces for electrical protection devices
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 1/0007 concerning the detecting means in general G01R or other subclasses of G01; reed switches H01H71/2445
• CPC Class Codes: H02H 3/00 Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems H02H7/00; systems for change-over to standby supply H02J9/00 ; integrated protection for motors H02H7/0822
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00002 characterised by monitoring
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00016 using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00034 the elements or equipment being or involving an electric power substation
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/00036 the elements or equipment being or involving switches, relays or circuit breakers circuits for indication of single switches H01H9/167
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 13/0004 involved in a protection system
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 90/20 Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector smart grids supporting the management or operation of end-user stationary applications in general, or like technologies with no associated climate change mitigation effect Y04S20/00
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/18 using switches, relays or circuit breakers, e.g. intelligent electronic devices [IED]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/30 State monitoring, e.g. fault, temperature monitoring, insulator monitoring, corona discharge
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 40/124 using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses

Abstract

A low voltage AC electric power monitoring system includes a processor which samples the current and circuit breaker system includes a processor which samples each of the current components at seventeen samples per cycle to obtain current samples representing a single period of the AC power signal. The processor samples the voltage component at different points in the voltage cycle over several cycles to obtain voltage samples representing a single period of the AC power signal.

Claims

1. A controller suitable for monitoring electrical power lines which transmit alternating current electric power including a periodic voltage component and a periodic current component, having a predetermined frequency, to a load circuit, said apparatus comprising:

current sampling means for digitally sampling the current component of the power during a single period thereof, at a rate which produces a number of digital samples sufficient to resolve the current component to the Nth harmonic of said predetermined frequency during each period of said periodic current component, where N is an integer greater than 2; and

voltage sampling means for digitally sampling the voltage component of the power, during a sampling interval which includes multiple periods of the voltage component, at a rate less than the rate used to sample the current component to produce a number of digital samples sufficient to resolve the voltage component to the Mth harmonic of said predetermined frequency during the sampling interval, where M is an integer greater than 2.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the voltage sampling means obtains digital samples of the voltage component at intervals which differ from the period of the alternating current voltage signal by an amount of time sufficient to ensure that the digital samples represent the voltage component at respectively different instants in each of the multiple periods occurring during the sampling interval.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:

the current sampling means produces seventeen digital samples of the current component during each period of the current component;

the voltage sampling means produces two digital samples of the voltage component during each period of the voltage component and the sampling interval includes fifty-eight periods of the voltage component.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the controller further includes:

means for squaring each of the digital current samples provided by the current sampling means and for accumulating the squared current sample values to generate a sum of squares current sample value for each period of the current component of the power signal; and

means for squaring each of the digital voltage samples provided by the voltage sampling means and for accumulating the squared voltage sample values to generate a sum of squares voltage sample value for the multiple periods of the voltage component.

5. A controller suitable for monitoring electric power lines which transmit multi-phase alternating current electric power to a load circuit, wherein each power phase includes a periodic voltage component and a periodic current component, having a common frequency, said controller comprising:

means for digitally sampling the current component of each phase of the power during a single period thereof, at a rate which produces a number of samples sufficient to resolve the current component of each power phase to the Nth harmonic of the common frequency during each period of said periodic current component, where N is an integer greater than 2; and

means for digitally sampling the voltage component of each phase of the power, during a sampling interval which includes multiple periods of the voltage component, at a rate less than the rate used to sample the current component to produce, during each sampling interval, a number of digital samples sufficient to resolve the voltage component of each phase of the power to the Mth harmonic of the common frequency, where M is an integer greater than 2.

6. A controller suitable for monitoring electrical power lines which transmit alternating current electric power including a periodic voltage component and a periodic current component, having a predetermined frequency, to a load circuit, said apparatus comprising:

first sampling means for digitally sampling one of the respective current and voltage components of the power during a single period thereof, at a rate which produces a number of digital samples sufficient to resolve said one component to the Nth harmonic of said predetermined frequency during each period of said one periodic component, where N is an integer greater than 2; and

second sampling means for digitally sampling the other component of the power, during a sampling interval which includes multiple periods of said other component, at a rate less than the rate used to sample said one component, to produce a number of digital samples sufficient to resolve said other component to the Mth harmonic of said predetermined frequency during the sampling interval, where M is an integer greater than 2.