Door and method for operating a door

• US 5,369,912 A
• Filed: 04/27/1993
• Issued: 12/06/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 08/28/1991
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Dorma GmbH + Company KG (dormakaba Holding AG)
• Original Assignee: Dorma GmbH + Company KG (dormakaba Holding AG)
• Inventors: Bertoldo, Giovanni, Ginzel, Lothar
• Primary Examiner(s): KANNAN, PHILIP
• Application Number:
  US08/054,437
• Time in Patent Office: 588 Days
• Field of Search: 49/246, 49/261, 49/260, 49/252, 49/250, 49/141, 49/139, 49/13, 49/506
• US Class Current: 49/141
• CPC Class Codes: E05B 65/102 opening under pressure on the surface of the door itself E05C19/02 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: E05D 15/48 allowing alternative movements E05D15/0604 takes precedence ; for vertically-sliding wings E05D15/22
• CPC Class Codes: E05D 2015/482 for panic doors
• CPC Class Codes: E05F 15/611 for swinging wings
• CPC Class Codes: E05F 15/627 operated by flexible elongated pulling elements, e.g. belts, chains or cables using flexible elongated push-pull mechanisms E05F15/619
• CPC Class Codes: E05F 15/646 allowing or involving a secondary movement of the wing, e.g. rotational or transversal
• CPC Class Codes: E05Y 2201/218 Holders
• CPC Class Codes: E05Y 2201/236 using force or torque
• CPC Class Codes: E05Y 2201/246 by motors, magnets, springs or weights
• CPC Class Codes: E05Y 2201/46 Magnets
• CPC Class Codes: E05Y 2201/462 Electromagnets
• CPC Class Codes: E05Y 2800/25 Emergency conditions
• CPC Class Codes: E05Y 2800/746 emergency or extended
• CPC Class Codes: E05Y 2800/748 end
• CPC Class Codes: E05Y 2900/132 Doors

Abstract

A door which can be automatically opened and closed can have an additional releasable connection for allowing the door panels to be manually opened by disengaging the door panels from the device for automatically opening and closing the doors. In particular, two-panel doors which execute a combined sliding and rotational motion around a vertical axis of rotation during the closing and opening motion can be configured with such a device to make it possible to use the doors in evacuation and emergency routes, i.e. routes in which a manual force can be applied from inside to open the door panels. Further, so that the door does not remain open, there can also preferably be switches or circuits in the construction which indicate that a manual opening of the door panels has occurred, in which case an electronic signal can be generated to place the drive device in motion, to thereby automatically restore the connection between the door panels and the drive system.

Claims

1. A door assembly, said door assembly comprising:

door means, said door means having a length dimension with a first longitudinal edge and a second longitudinal edge disposed in said length dimension, said second longitudinal edge being spaced apart from said first longitudinal edge to define a width dimension of said door means therebetween, and said door means further having a top edge and a bottom edge, the top edge for being disposed substantially vertically above the bottom edge, and a first planar door surface and a second planar door surface;

a first structure, said first structure having a region, said door means being movable about said region of said first structure in a combination of a translational movement and a rotational movement;

means for providing the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement of said door means about said region of said first structure to open and close said door means;

said door means having a vertical axis of rotation, said door means being further rotatable about said vertical axis of rotation;

said vertical axis of rotation being spaced apart from said region of said first structure;

said first structure defining a second vertical axis within said region of said first structure, said door means being movable about said second vertical axis in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement, said second vertical axis being spaced apart from said vertical axis of rotation;

said means for providing the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement of said door means about said region of said first structure further comprises means for hingedly connecting said door means, adjacent said first longitudinal edge thereof, to said first structure for providing the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement about said second vertical axis;

said vertical axis of rotation of said door means being disposed adjacent said first longitudinal edge;

said means for providing the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement of said door means about said second vertical axis further comprises;

a first bearing disposed adjacent the top edge of said door means and a second bearing disposed adjacent the bottom edge of said door means, said first bearing and said second bearing being disposed adjacent said first longitudinal edge of said door means, and said first bearing and said second bearing defining said vertical axis of rotation; and

at least a first pivot disposed adjacent the top edge of said door means and a second pivot disposed adjacent the bottom edge of said door means, said first pivot and said second pivot defining said second vertical axis;

said means for hingedly connecting comprises means for hingedly connecting said first pivot to said first bearing and means for hingedly connecting said second pivot to said second bearing for movement of said vertical axis of rotation about said second vertical axis;

said means for providing the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement of said door means about said second vertical axis further comprises a vertical rod, said vertical rod having;

a central portion, a first end portion disposed adjacent a first end of said vertical rod and a second end portion disposed adjacent a second end of said vertical rod, said first end portion and said second end portion being disposed angularly with respect to said central portion to form a C-shape structure;

said central portion of said vertical rod being disposed adjacent said first planar door surface substantially between said first bearing and said second bearing; and

said first end portion and said second end portion forming said means for hingedly connecting, with said first end portion of said vertical rod extending from said first bearing to said first pivot, and said second end portion of said vertical rod extending from said second bearing to said second pivot;

said means for providing the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement of said door means about said second vertical axis further comprising;

a cross strut disposed across at least a portion of the width dimension of said door means adjacent said first planar door surface, said cross strut having a first end and a second end;

means for hingedly connecting said first end of said cross-strut to said door means at said vertical axis of rotation; and

means for connecting said cross strut to said door means adjacent said second end of said cross strut.

2. The door assembly according to claim 1, wherein:

said means for providing the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement comprises drive means for moving said cross strut to move said door means in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement about said second vertical axis.

3. The door assembly according to claim 2, wherein:

said means for connecting said cross strut to said door means adjacent said second end of said cross strut comprises a releasable connecting means;

said releasable connecting means being releasable upon exertion of a force against said first planar door surface to pivot said door means on said vertical axis of rotation away from said cross strut to open said door means, said pivoting of said door means on said vertical axis of rotation being independent of the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement of said door means about said second vertical axis.

4. The door assembly according to claim 3, wherein:

said cross strut further comprises sensor means for sensing a release of said door means from said cross strut, said sensor means for producing a signal upon said sensing of the release of said door means;

said door assembly further comprises electronic control means for receiving said signal from said sensor means and activating said drive means to move said cross strut in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement about said second vertical axis to return said door means adjacent said cross strut; and

said releasable connection being self-connectable to reconnect said door means to said cross strut upon returning said door means adjacent said cross strut.

5. The door assembly according to claim 4, further including:

means for automatically actuating said drive means to move said door means in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement about said second vertical axis;

said means for automatically actuating said drive means comprising sensor means for sensing a presence of a person adjacent said first planar door surfaces said sensor means for producing a signal upon said sensing of a person; and

said electronic control means being for receiving said signal from said sensor means for detecting a presence of a person to actuate said drive means.

6. The door assembly according to claim 5, wherein:

said releasable connection comprises at least one of;

A) a permanent magnet attached to one of said door means and said cross strut, and a ferromagnetic anchor plate attached to the other of said door means and said cross strut,

B) an electromagnet attached to one of said door means and said cross strut, and a ferromagnetic anchor plate attached to the other of said door means and said cross strut,

C) a locking clip attached to one of said door means and said cross strut, and a catch for retaining said locking clip attached to the other of said door means and said cross strut,

D) a VELCRO fastener, and

E) an elastic plate fastened to one of said door means and said cross strut, and a hook-shaped device for engaging an edge of said elastic plate, said hook-shaped device comprising biasing means for applying a force to and biasing said hook-shaped device into engagement with the edge of said elastic plate;

said sensor means for sensing a release of said door means from said cross strut comprises one of;

an electrical switch disposed on one of the door means and the cross strut, and

a contactless sensor disposed on one of the door means and the cross strut;

said sensor means for sensing a presence of a person comprises at least one of;

a motion detector, and

a pressure sensitive floor mat;

said door assembly comprises a door assembly for closing off a passageway, the passageway having a floor with a first side member and a second side member extending upwardly from the floor, said first side member and said second side member defining a width of said passageway and are disposed spaced apart from one another, and said door assembly comprises two door means, with one door means disposed adjacent each of said first and said second side members, each one of said two door means for opening in a direction towards its adjacent side member;

each of said two door means having a closed position disposed transverse to said side members to close off said passageway when said door means are in a closed position, and an open position disposed parallel to said side members to open said passageway;

said first longitudinal edge of each of said door means for being disposed adjacent said side members when said two door means are in said closed position;

said second longitudinal edge of one of said two door means being disposed adjacent the second longitudinal edge of the other of said two door means when said two door means are in said closed position;

said second vertical axis being disposed spaced apart from said door means and perpendicularly to said door means at a position at about 1/5 to about 1/3 of the width of said door means from said first longitudinal edge to said second longitudinal edge;

said door means and said first and second end portions of said vertical bar defining an angle of about 40°

to about 60°

;

said first pivot is disposed above said top edge of said door means and said second pivot is disposed below said bottom edge of said door means;

the floor has a recess disposed adjacent each of said side members, and said second pivot disposed below said door means being disposed in said recess;

said door assembly further comprises;

plate means for covering said recess, said plate means having an arcuate slot therein, said arcuate slot for guiding said vertical rod to cause at least a part of the combined translational motion and rotational motion;

said arcuate slot extending around said second vertical axis and through an angle of about 90°

with respect to said second vertical axis;

a load bearing member for being disposed across the passageway parallel to door means in the closed position, said second pivot being disposed on said load bearing member;

said first end portion and said second end portion of said vertical rod are disposed at about 90°

with respect to said central portion of said vertical rod;

said first end portion and said second end portion each have a terminal end, said terminal end comprising a hub, said hub comprising a pivot pin disposed therein, said door means being pivotable on said pivot pins;

said cross strut comprises guide means disposed adjacent said second end of said cross strut, said guide means for engaging said drive means for movement of said guide means along a linear path in a direction parallel to said load bearing member;

said drive means comprises linear drive means for moving said guide means along said linear path to push said door means along said arcuate path; and

said door assembly further comprises lock means for locking said door panels to said cross struts, to secure said door means in the closed position.

7. A door assembly, said door assembly comprising:

door means, said door means having a length dimension with a first longitudinal edge and a second longitudinal edge disposed in said length dimension, said second longitudinal edge being spaced apart from said first longitudinal edge to define a width dimension of said door means therebetween;

a first structure, said first structure having a region, said door means being movable about said region of said first structure;

means for providing a signal to automatical open and close said door means;

means for moving said door means about said region of said first structure to automatically open and close said door means in response to said signal;

means for releasably engaging said door means with said means for moving said door means to move said door means about said first region during engagement of said door means with said means for moving;

said door means having a vertical axis of rotation, said vertical axis of rotation being spaced apart from said region of said first structure;

said door means being further rotatable about said vertical axis of rotation upon disengagement of said door means from said means for moving to manually open and close said door means;

said first structure defining a second vertical axis within said region of said first structure, said means for moving said door means being configured for moving said door means about said second vertical axis in a combination of a translational movement and a rotational movement, said second vertical axis being spaced apart from said vertical axis of rotation;

said means for moving said door means comprising means for hingedly connecting said door means adjacent said first longitudinal edge to said first structure for providing the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement about said second vertical axis;

said vertical axis of rotation of said door means being disposed adjacent said first longitudinal edge of said door means;

said means for moving said door means about said second vertical axis further comprises;

a cross strut disposed across at least a portion of the width dimension of said door means adjacent said first planar door surface, said cross strut having a first end and a second end;

means for hingedly connecting said first end of said cross-strut to said door means at said vertical axis of rotation; and

said means for releasably engaging said door means with said means for moving said door means comprises means for releasably engaging said door means with said second end of said cross strut, said means for releasably engaging being releasable upon application of a force against said first planar door surface to pivot said door means on said vertical axis of rotation away from said cross strut to open said door means, said pivoting of said door means on said vertical axis of rotation being independent of the moving of said door means in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement of said door means about said second vertical axis.

8. The door assembly according to claim 7, wherein:

said door means has a top edge and a bottom edge, the top edge for being disposed substantially vertically above the bottom edge, and a first planar door surface and a second planar door surface;

said means for moving said door means further comprises;

a first bearing disposed adjacent the top edge of said door means and a second bearing disposed adjacent the bottom edge of said door means, said first bearing and said second bearing being disposed adjacent said first longitudinal edge of said door means, and said first bearing and said second bearing defining said vertical axis of rotation; and

at least a first pivot disposed adjacent the top edge of said door means and a second pivot disposed adjacent the bottom edge of said door means, said first pivot and said second pivot defining said second vertical axis; and

said means for hingedly connecting comprises a vertical rod, said vertical rod having;

a central portion, a first end portion disposed adjacent a first end of said vertical rod and a second end portion disposed adjacent a second end of said vertical rod, said first end portion and said second end portion being disposed angularly with respect to said central portion to form a C-shape structure;

said central portion of said vertical rod being disposed adjacent said first planar door surface substantially between said first bearing and said second bearing; and

said first end portion and said second end portion forming said means for hingedly connecting, with said first end portion of said vertical rod extending from said first bearing to said first pivot, and said second end portion of said vertical rod extending from said second bearing to said second pivot.

9. The door assembly according to claim 8, wherein:

said cross strut further comprises sensor means for sensing a release of said door means from said cross strut, said sensor means for producing a signal upon said sensing of the release of said door means;

said door assembly further comprises electronic control means for receiving said signal from said sensor means and activating said drive means to move said cross strut in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement about said second vertical axis to return said door means adjacent said cross strut;

said means for releasably engaging said door means to said cross strut being self-connectable to reconnect said door means to said cross strut upon returning said door means adjacent said cross strut;

said means for releasably engaging comprises at least one of;

A) a permanent magnet attached to one of said door means and said cross strut, and a ferromagnetic anchor plate attached to the other of said door means and said cross strut,

B) an electromagnet attached to one of said door means and said cross strut, and a ferromagnetic anchor plate attached to the other of said door means and said cross strut,

C) a locking clip attached to one of said door means and said cross strut, and a catch for retaining said locking clip attached to the other of said door means and said cross strut,

D) a VELCRO fastener, and

E) an elastic plate fastened to one of said door means and said cross strut, and a hook-shaped device for engaging an edge of said elastic plate, said hook-shaped device comprising biasing means for applying a force to and biasing said hook-shaped device into engagement with the edge of said elastic plate; and

said means for providing a signal to automatically open and close said door means comprises sensor means for sensing a presence of a person adjacent said first planar door surface, said sensor means for producing a signal upon said sensing of a person;

said electronic control system being for receiving said signal from said sensor means for detecting a presence of a person and providing said signal to automatically open and close said door means, drive means;

said sensor means for sensing a person comprising at least one of;

a motion detector, and a pressure sensitive floor mat;

said sensor means for sensing a release of said door means from said cross strut comprising one of;

an electrical switch, and a contactless sensor;

said door assembly comprises a door assembly for closing off a passageway, the passageway having a floor with a first side member and a second side member extending upwardly from the floor, said first side member and said second side member defining a width of said passageway and being disposed spaced apart from one another, and said door assembly comprises two door means, one of said two door means being disposed adjacent each of said first side member and said second side member, each one of said two door means for opening in a direction towards its adjacent side member;

each of said two door means having a closed position disposed transverse to said side members to close off said passageway when said door means are in a closed position, and an open position disposed parallel to Said side members to open said passageway;

said first longitudinal edge of each of said door means for being disposed adjacent said side members when said-two door means are in said closed position;

said second longitudinal edge of one of said two door means being disposed adjacent the second longitudinal edge of the other of said two door means when said two door means are in said closed position;

said door means and said first and second end portions of said vertical bar defining an angle of about 40°

to about 60°

;

said first pivot is disposed above said top edge of said door means and said second pivot is disposed below said bottom edge of said door means;

the floor has a recess disposed adjacent each of said side members, and said second pivot disposed below said door means being disposed in said recess;

said door assembly further comprises;

plate means for covering said recess, said plate means having an arcuate slot therein, said arcuate slot for guiding said vertical rod to cause at least a part of the combined translational motion and rotational motion;

said arcuate slot extending around said second vertical axis and through an angle of about 90°

with respect to said second vertical axis;

a load bearing member for being disposed across the passageway parallel to door means in the closed position, said second pivot being disposed on said load bearing member;

said first end portion and said second end portion of said vertical rod are disposed at about 90°

with respect to said central portion of said vertical rod;

said first end portion and said second end portion each have a terminal end, said terminal end comprising a hub, said hub comprising a pivot pin disposed therein, said door means being pivotable on said pivot pins.

10. A method for operating a door assembly, said method comprising the steps of:

providing door means, said door means having a length dimension with a first longitudinal edge and a second longitudinal edge disposed in said length dimension, said second longitudinal edge being spaced apart from said first longitudinal edge to define a width dimension of said door means therebetween, said door means having a top edge and a bottom edge, the top edge for being disposed substantially vertically above the bottom edge, and a first planar door surface and a second planar door surface;

providing a first structure said first structure having a region, said door means being movable about said region of said first structure in a combination of a translational movement and a rotational movement;

providing means for moving said door means in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement of said door means about said region of said first structure to open and close said door means;

providing a vertical axis of rotation adjacent said door means;

providing means for further rotating said door means about said vertical axis of rotation, and said vertical axis of rotation being spaced apart from said region of said first structure;

moving said door means in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement of said door means about said region of said first structure, and in the rotational movement of said door means about said vertical axis of rotation to open and close said door means;

providing means for generating a signal during a presence of a person adjacent said door means and terminating said signal upon said person moving away from said door means;

providing means for receiving said signal from said means for generating said signal to automatically activate said means for moving said door means in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement of said door means about said region of said first structure to open and close said door means;

generating said signal upon detecting the presence of a person adjacent the door means to automatically move said door means in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement about said region of said first structure to open said door means upon generating said signal;

terminating said signal upon the person moving away from said door means to automatically move said door means in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement about said region of said first structure to close said door means upon terminating said signal;

providing means for releasably connecting said door means to said means for moving said door means in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement about said region of said first structure;

releasing said door means from said means for moving said door means to provide said rotational movement of said door means about said vertical axis of rotation;

manually rotating said door means about said vertical axis of rotation to open said door means;

said providing means for moving said door means further comprises;

providing a first bearing disposed adjacent the top edge of said door means adjacent said first longitudinal edge and a second bearing disposed adjacent the bottom edge of said door means adjacent said first longitudinal edge, said first bearing and said second bearing defining said vertical axis of rotation;

providing at least a first pivot disposed adjacent the top edge of said door means and a second pivot disposed adjacent the bottom edge of said door means, said first pivot and said second pivot defining a second vertical axis within said region of said first structure;

providing a vertical rod, said vertical rod having a central portion, a first end portion disposed adjacent a first end of said vertical rod and a second end portion disposed adjacent a second end of said vertical rod, said first end portion and said second end portion being disposed angularly with respect to said central portion to form a C-shape structure; and

disposing said central portion of said vertical rod adjacent said first planar door surface substantially between said first bearing and said second bearing with said first end portion extending from said first bearing to said first pivot, and said second end portion of said vertical rod extending from said second bearing to said second pivot;

said process further comprises;

moving said door means with said vertical rod on said first pivot and said second pivot to provide said combination of said translational and rotational movement of said door means about said second vertical axis; and

rotating said door means about said vertical rod on said first bearing and said second bearing to provide said rotational movement about said vertical axis of rotation;

said providing means for moving further comprises;

providing a cross strut across at least a portion of the width of said door means, said cross strut having a first end and a second end;

providing, on said second end of said cross strut, said means for releasably connecting said door means to said means for moving;

providing means for hingedly connecting said first end of said cross strut to said vertical bar;

providing drive means to move said cross strut to move said door means in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement when said second end of said cross strut is connected to said door means;

said process further comprises;

providing sensor means for sensing a release of said cross strut from said door means;

producing a second signal when said cross-strut is released from said door means;

receiving said second signal with electronic control means;

producing a third signal with said electronic control means to move said cross strut in the combination of the translational movement and the rotational movement to return said door means adjacent said cross strut;

reengaging said door means with said cross strut;

said providing means for releasably connecting comprises providing at least one of;

A) a permanent magnet attached to one of said door means and said cross strut, and a ferromagnetic anchor plate attached to the other of said door means and said cross strut,

B) an electromagnet attached to one of said door means and said cross strut, and a ferromagnetic anchor plate attached to the other of said door means and said cross strut,

C) a locking clip attached to one of said door means and said cross strut, and a catch for retaining said locking clip attached to the other of said door means and said cross strut,

D) a VELCRO fastener, and

E) an elastic plate fastened to one of said door means and said cross strut, and a hook-shaped device for engaging an edge of said elastic plate, said hook-shaped device comprising biasing means for applying a force to and biasing said hook-shaped device into engagement with the edge of said elastic plate;

said providing sensor means for sensing a release of said cross strut from said door means comprises providing at least one of;

an electrical switch disposed on one of the door means and the cross strut, and

a contactless sensor disposed on one of the door means and the cross strut;

said providing means for generating a signal during a presence of a person adjacent said door means and terminating said signal upon said person moving away from said door means comprises providing at least one of;

a motion detector, and

a pressure sensitive floor mat; and

said moving said door means in the combination of the translational movement and rotational movement comprises moving said vertical axis of rotation along an arcuate path through about 90°

around said second vertical axis.