Bone clamp and installation tool

• US 5,370,646 A
• Filed: 11/16/1992
• Issued: 12/06/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 11/16/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: H. William Reese, D.P.M.
• Original Assignee: G. Lawrence Thatcher, Harry A. Pape, Reese H. William
• Inventors: Thatcher, G. Lawrence, Reese, H. William, Pape, Harry A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Hafer, Robert A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): KENEALY, DAVID
• Application Number:
  US07/977,074
• Time in Patent Office: 750 Days
• Field of Search: 606/72, 606/75, 606/99, 606/104, 606/105, 606/53, 606/116, 606/117, 606/138, 606/142, 606/151, 606/139, 606/60, 24/16 PB, 24/19, 24/543, 24/524, 24/568, 24/588, 24/612, 411/338, 411/339, 411/509, 411/913
• US Class Current: 606/324
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/68 Internal fixation devices , including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin bone staples A61B17/0642
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/683 comprising bone transfixation elements, e.g. bolt with a distal cooperating element such as a nut
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/8872 Instruments for putting said fixation devices against or away from the bone A61B17/7074, A61B17/808 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 24/51 including receiving member having cavity and mating member having insertable projection guided to interlock thereby
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 411/913 Self-expanding anchor

Abstract

A clamp and installation tool combination wherein the clamp portion comprises an elongated pin having a hook at both ends and containing multiple circumferential notches along its shaft. A clamp button with a central through-hole is mounted on the shaft of the pin and engages the notches so as to produce a ratchet-type mechanism that permits the motion of the button only in the direction of the distal end of the pin. The installation tool consists of a syringe-type applicator having an outer barrel containing a pin retention clip designed to engage the hook at the proximal end of the pin, so that the pin cannot move in relation to the barrel of the tool. A hollow inner piston having a longitudinal groove conforming to the size and shape of the retention clip is mounted slidably in the barrel and can be pushed forward to engage the clamp button and force it over the pin'"'"'s circumferential notches toward the distal end of the pin with great pressure without affecting the stability of the coupling between the pin and the barrel of the tool. Thus, a bone clamp is formed by mounting the pin in the installation tool and inserting the distal end of the pin through an aperture formed within two or more parts of a bone until the distal hook protrudes and engages the back surface of the bone parts to form a distal anchor; the piston of the tool is then pushed forward to cause the clamp button to press against the front surface of the bone parts to provide a proximal anchor that completes the bone clamp. The excess portion of the pin is then cut and removed with the installation tool.

Claims

1. A bone clamping device, comprising:

(a) an elongated clamp pin consisting of a shaft having a proximal end for mounting on an installation tool and having a distal end for passing through a hole in a bone;

(b) a distal hook consisting of a resilient distal wing attached to the distal end of said shaft and forming an acute angle therewith, so that said distal wing may provide a distal bone-engagement means for clamping the bone;

(c) a proximal hook consisting of a proximal wing attached to the proximal end of said shaft and forming an acute angle therewith, so that said proximal wing may provide a means for firmly attaching the bone clamping device to the installation tool;

(d) a plurality of resilient, peripheral notches disposed along said shaft, wherein each notch has a flat surface perpendicular to said shaft facing the distal end of the shaft and has a sloped surface facing the proximal end of the shaft; and

(e) a clamp button having a central bore with a resilient inner lip capable of engaging said flat surface of each of said peripheral notches to prevent the button from sliding in the proximal direction, while the button is capable of resiliently sliding over said sloped surface of each notch to move in ratchet fashion toward the distal end of the shaft to provide a proximal bone-engagement means for clamping the bone;

wherein said clamp pin and said clamp button consist of two separate components.

2. The bone clamping device recited in claim 1, wherein said distal wing forms an angle of approximately 45 degrees with said shaft and has a substantially flat contact surface normal to the shaft.

3. The bone clamping device recited in claim 1, wherein said distal end further comprises a tip substantially coaxial with said distal wing and protruding on the side of the shaft opposite to the wing.

4. The bone clamping device recited in claim 1, wherein each of said plurality of resilient peripheral notches is substantially circumferential.

5. The bone clamping device recited in claim 4, wherein each of said substantially circumferential notches disposed along said shaft is shaped like a longitudinal section of a cone having a smaller cross-section approximately the size of the shaft facing said proximal end and having a larger cross-section facing said distal end of the shaft.

6. The bone clamping device recited in claim 1, wherein said clamp button is annular and has a central bore with a resilient inner lip.

7. The bone clamping device recited in claim 1, wherein said clamp button further comprises friction bumps for increasing the adhesion of the button with the proximal surface of the clamped bone.

8. The bone clamping device recited in claim 1, wherein said proximal wing forms an angle of approximately 45 degrees with said shaft.

9. The bone clamping device recited in claim 1, wherein said proximal hook comprises a rigid wing, a resilient leg, and is smaller than said distal hook, so that the proximal wing can be folded shut to permit the insertion of the clamp pin through the central bore in said clamp button.

10. The bone clamping device recited in claim 1, wherein said peripheral notches are constructed in helical form to produce buttress-form screw threads and wherein the resilient inner lip in said clamp button consists of a buttress-form thread, so as to provide a screwable connection between the notches and the button in addition to the slidable ratchet-fashion connection available through the resilient properties of the inner lip and the peripheral notches.

11. The bone clamping device recited in claim 1, wherein said clamp button further comprises a plurality of spikes for causing soft tissue to adhere to the surface of a bone.

12. A bone clamp installation tool for an elongated clamping device having a proximal end for connection with the tool, having a distal end for passing through a hole in a bone and for providing a distal bone-engagement means, and having a proximal bone-engagement means slidably mounted thereon, said tool comprising:

(a) a barrel consisting of a hollow tube having an inside wall between an upper end and a lower end thereof, said tube containing a keel-like longitudinal ridge protruding inward from said inside wall in the bottom portion of the barrel, wherein said ridge forms a retaining clip having a contact face oriented toward said upper end of the tube and disposed at an acute angle with said inside wall of the tube, so as to cooperatively engage the proximal end of the clamping device; and

(b) a piston consisting of a hollow shaft with an outside diameter slightly smaller than the inside diameter of said tube so that the barrel and the piston can be slidably connected to form a syringe-type assembly, wherein said shaft has a longitudinal groove sized to fit snugly around the longitudinal ridge in said barrel;

wherein said piston is sufficiently long to enable a user to push the proximal bone-engagement means slidably mounted on the clamping device as far as required during use.

13. The tool recited in claim 12, further comprising a rounded push-knob attached to a top portion of said piston for pushing the piston forward through the barrel.

14. The tool recited in claim 12, further comprising a forked retaining tab protruding inwardly from a lower end of said ridge to provide a guide for the clamping device mounted thereon.

15. The tool recited in claim 12, further comprising a handle attached to a top portion of said barrel for holding the installation tool.

16. The tool recited in claim 12, wherein said contact face is disposed at an angle of approximately 45 degrees with said inside wall of the tube.

17. The tool recited in claim 12, wherein said tube and said shaft are cylindrical.

18. The tool recited in claim 12, wherein said longitudinal ridge in the barrel is approximately half the length of the barrel.

21. The bone clamping device recited in claim 17, wherein said peripheral notches are constructed in helical form to produce buttress-form screw threads and wherein the resilient inner lip in said clamp button consists of a buttress-form thread, so as to provide a screwable connection between the notches and the button in addition to the slidable ratchet-fashion connection available through the resilient properties of the inner lip and the peripheral notches.

19. An apparatus for installing a bone clamp through a hole in a bone, wherein a bone clamping device is attached to an installation tool, said apparatus comprising:

(a) a clamping device that comprises;

(1) an elongated clamp pin consisting of a shaft having a proximal end for mounting on the installation tool and having a distal end for passing through a hole in a bone;

(2) a distal hook consisting of a resilient distal wing attached to the distal end of said shaft and forming an acute angle therewith, so that said distal wing may provide a distal bone-engagement means for clamping the bone;

(3) a proximal hook consisting of a proximal wing attached to the proximal end of said shaft and forming an acute angle therewith, so that said proximal wing may provide a means for firmly attaching the bone clamping device to the installation tool;

(4) a plurality of resilient, peripheral notches disposed along said shaft, wherein each notch has as flat surface perpendicular to said shaft facing the distal end of the shaft and has a sloped surface facing the proximal end of the shaft; and

(5) a clamp button having a central bore with a resilient inner lip capable of engaging said flat surface of each of said peripheral notches to prevent the button from sliding in the proximal direction, while the button is capable of resiliently sliding over the sloped surface of each notch to move in ratchet fashion toward the distal end of the shaft to provide a proximal bone-engagement means for clamping the bone;

wherein said clamp pin and said clamp button consist of two separate components; and

(b) an installation tool that comprises;

(1) a barrel consisting of a hollow tube having an inside wall between an upper end and a lower end thereof, said tube containing a keel-like longitudinal ridge protruding inward from said inside wall in the bottom portion of the barrel, wherein said ridge forms a retaining clip having a contact face oriented toward said upper end of the tube and disposed at an acute angle with said inside wall of the tube, so as to cooperatively engage said proximal wing of the clamping device; and

(2) a piston consisting of a hollow shaft with an outside diameter slightly smaller than the inside diameter of said tube so that the barrel and the piston can be slidably connected to form a syringe-type assembly, wherein said shaft has a longitudinal groove sized to fit snugly around the longitudinal ridge in said barrel;

wherein said piston is sufficiently long to enable a user to push the proximal bone-engagement means slidably mounted on the clamping device as far as required during use.

20. The bone clamping device recited in claim 19, wherein said distal wing forms an angle of approximately 45 degrees with said shaft and has a substantially flat contact surface normal to the shaft;

wherein said proximal wing forms an angle of approximately 45 degrees with said shaft;

wherein each of said plurality of resilient peripheral notches is substantially circumferential and is shaped like a longitudinal section of a cone having a smaller cross-section approximately the size of the shaft facing said proximal end and having a larger cross-section facing said distal end of the shaft;

wherein said clamp button is annular and has a central bore with a resilient inner lip and comprising friction bumps for increasing the adhesion of the button with the proximal surface of the clamped bone; and

wherein said proximal hook is resilient and is smaller than said distal hook, so that the proximal wing can be folded shut to permit the insertion of the clamp pin through the central bore in said clamp button.