Passive battery charging system

• US 5,371,454 A
• Filed: 03/08/1993
• Issued: 12/06/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 03/08/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Albert Marek
• Original Assignee: Albert Marek
• Inventors: Marek, Albert
• Primary Examiner(s): HICKEY, ROBERT
• Application Number:
  US08/027,406
• Time in Patent Office: 638 Days
• Field of Search: 320/15, 320/17, 320/57, 320/2
• US Class Current: 320/108
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/15 Preventing overcharging
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/22 Balancing the charge of battery modules
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0024 Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 320/22 Line impedance, e.g. resistor
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 320/30 Plural transformers

Abstract

A battery charger for simultaneously slow charging and thereafter maintaining a charge in a plurality of plate-type batteries includes a first transformer connected through a circuit loop to a first battery wherein the circuit loop includes a rectifier, and a current limiter and visual indicator of the charge level of the battery. A second transformer is connected through another circuit loop to one battery and through a third circuit loop to a second battery. The circuit loop of the first transformer may be connected to a first battery with one of the circuit loops of the second transformer being connected to a second battery connected in series to the first battery thus allowing the two loops to remain isolated from each other and allow for charging of the series connected batteries without removal of the series connection. In a second embodiment of the invention, a switch is connected in the loop to bypass the current limiter to allow a fast charge condition. A small indicator light is connected to the switch to indicate a fast charge condition. Thus, the charger may be switched from a slow passive charge condition to a fast charge condition, and back to a slow charge condition.

Claims

1. Apparatus for simultaneous passive charging and thereafter maintaining of charge in a plurality of plate-type batteries, each having a known theoretical voltage, a positive terminal, and a negative terminal, comprising:

a first power supply having an alternating current output;

a first rectifier diode having an input electrically connected to said output of the first power supply and having an output electrically connected to the positive terminal of a first battery to be charged;

a second rectifier diode having an input electrically connected to the negative terminal of the first battery and an output;

first current limiting means having an input electrically connected to the output of the second rectifier diode and having an output electrically connected to the first power supply;

a second power supply having an alternating current output;

a third rectifier diode having an input electrically connected to said output of the second power supply and having an output electrically connected to the positive terminal of a second battery to be charged;

a fourth rectifier diode having an input electrically connected to the negative terminal of the second battery and an output;

second current limiting means having an input electrically connected to the output of the fourth rectifier diode and having an output electrically connected to the second power supply;

a fifth rectifier diode having an input electrically connected to said output of the second power supply and having an output electrically connected to the positive terminal of a third battery to be charged;

a sixth rectifier diode having an input electrically connected to the negative terminal of the third battery and an output; and

third current limiting means having an input electrically connected to the output of the sixth rectifier diode and having an output electrically connected to the second power supply.

2. The battery charging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first alternating current power supply comprises a transformer capable of emitting a flow of electricity having a maximum voltage substantially equal to the theoretical voltage of the battery to be charged and a maximum amperage substantially equal to the maximum amperage of the first current limiting means.

3. The battery charging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second alternating current power supply comprises a transformer capable of emitting a flow of electricity having a voltage substantially equal to the theoretical voltage of the battery to be charged and an amperage substantially equal to two times the maximum amperage of either the second or the third current limiting means.

4. The battery charging apparatus of claim 1, wherein each current limiting means further comprises a light bulb having a predetermined maximum amperage substantially equal to the maximum desired amperage for charging the connected battery.

5. The battery charging apparatus of claim 1, wherein each current limiting means further comprises a visual indicator of the charge level of the connected battery.

6. The battery charging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the current emitted by the power supply decreases as the battery connected thereto approaches a full charge condition and repels the current emitted by the power supply.

7. The battery charging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first and second batteries are connected to function as a single power source with the first battery charged by the first power source and isolated from the second power source as it charges the second battery.

8. Apparatus for continuous simultaneous charging and thereafter maintaining the charge of a plurality of plate-type batteries, each having a known theoretical voltage, a positive terminal, and a negative terminal, comprising:

a first power supply having an alternating current output;

a first circuit loop connecting the first power supply to a first battery to be charged wherein the first circuit loop comprises;

a first diode connected in the first loop between the first power supply and the positive post of the first battery to be charged;

a second diode connected in the first loop between the first power supply and the negative post of the first battery to be charged; and

first current limiting means connected in the first loop to limit the maximum current flowing through the first loop to charge the first battery;

a second power supply having an alternating current output;

a second circuit loop connecting the second power supply to a second battery to be charged wherein the second 25 circuit loop comprises;

a third diode connected in the second loop between the second power supply and the positive post of the second battery to be charged;

a fourth diode connected in the second loop between the second power supply and the negative post of the second battery to be charged; and

second current limiting means connected in the second loop to limit the maximum current flowing through the loop to charge the second battery; and

a third circuit loop connecting the second power supply to a third battery to be charged wherein the third circuit loop comprises;

a fifth diode connected in the third loop between the second power supply and the positive post of the third battery to be charged;

a sixth diode connected in the third loop between the second power supply and the negative post of the third battery to be charged; and

third current limiting means connected in the third loop to limit the maximum current flowing through the loop to charge the third battery.

9. The battery charging apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first power supply comprises a transformer capable of emitting a flow of electricity having a voltage substantially equal to the theoretical voltage of the battery to be charged and an amperage substantially equal to the maximum amperage of the first current limiting means.

10. The battery charging apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second power supply comprises a transformer capable of emitting a flow of electricity having a voltage substantially equal to the theoretical voltage of the battery to be charged and an amperage substantially equal to two times the maximum amperage of the second or the third current limiting means.

11. The battery charging apparatus of claim 8, wherein each current limiting means further comprises a light bulb having a predetermined maximum amperage substantially equal to the maximum desired amperage for charging the battery.

12. The battery charging apparatus of claim 8, wherein each current limiting means further comprises a visual indicator of the charge level of the connected battery.

13. The battery charging apparatus of claim 8, wherein the current emitted by the power supply decreases as the battery connected thereto approaches a full charge condition and repels the current emitted by the power supply.

14. The battery charging apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first and second batteries are connected to function as a single power source with the first battery connected through the first loop to the first power source with the first loop being isolated from the second loop connecting the second battery to the second power source.