Half normal frequency regime phase encoding in cordless digitizers

• US 5,373,118 A
• Filed: 10/25/1993
• Issued: 12/13/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 10/25/1993
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Einstruction Gtco Holdings, LLC
• Original Assignee: CalComp, Inc. (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: Watson, James S.
• Primary Examiner(s): Chin, Stephen
• Assistant Examiner(s): Kim, Kevin
• Application Number:
  US08/140,855
• Time in Patent Office: 414 Days
• Field of Search: 178/18.19, 345/179
• US Class Current: 178/19.07
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/046 by electromagnetic means

Abstract

A device for imparting a signal phase status of an alternating current (AC) magnetic field signal transmitting from a cursor in a cordless digitizer. The device includes an apparatus for causing the cursor to temporarily emit a signal having a frequency which is lower than the frequency of a basic cursor signal, and an apparatus for determining and imparting the signal phase status of the AC magnetic field signal transmitting from the cursor as derived from the temporarily emitted lower frequency signal.

Claims

1. A device for imparting a signal phase status of a basic alternating current (AC) magnetic field signal transmitting from a cursor in a cordless digitizer having a tablet with a grid of conductors, and wherein the basic AC magnetic field signal induces a corresponding signal in the grid of conductors, the device comprising:

a) a means for causing the cursor to temporarily emit a signal having a frequency which is lower than the frequency of a basic cursor signal instead of the basic AC magnetic field signal; and

,

b) a means for determining and imparting the signal phase status of the basic AC magnetic field signal transmitting from the cursor from a signal induced in the grid of conductors of the tablet by the signal transmitting from the cursor, using the temporarily emitted lower frequency signal.

2. The device for imparting the signal phase status of claim 1, wherein the cursor includes a basic cursor signal frequency generator for generating a signal having a predetermined frequency from an output thereof and a means connected to the output of the basic cursor signal generator which creates and emits from the cursor an AC magnetic field signal having a frequency equivalent to a frequency of a signal input into it, and wherein the lower frequency cursor signal means comprises:

a) a divide-by-two circuit means for outputting a signal which has a frequency one-half that of a signal input into it;

b) a means for switching the signal generated by the basic cursor signal frequency generator from the AC magnetic field signal creating and emitting means to an input of the divide-by-two circuit means;

c) a half frequency cursor signal logic means which controls the switching means and causes the signal output from the basic cursor signal frequency generator to be temporarily switched to the input of the divide-by-two circuit means; and

,

d) a means for connecting an output of the divide-by-two circuit means to the AC magnetic field signal creating and emitting means to cause the emitting of an AC magnetic field signal having a frequency one-half that of the signal generated by the basic cursor signal frequency generator.

3. The device for imparting the signal phase status of claim 2, wherein the half frequency cursor signal logic means includes additional logic means to cause the temporary switching the signal output from the basic cursor signal frequency generator to the input of the divide-by-two circuit means at a time immediately preceding an emitting of a signal used to determine cursor position, thereby temporarily causing said AC magnetic field signal emitted from the cursor to have a frequency one-half that of the signal generated by the basic cursor signal frequency.

4. The device for imparting the signal phase status of claim 2, wherein the determining and imparting means comprises:

a) a half frequency detection means including an input connected to said conductor for,

a1) isolating the half frequency signal induced in the conductor from a remaining portion of a signal induced in the conductor by the cursor emanations, the remaining portion having a frequency equal to that of the basic cursor frequency,

a2) detecting the isolated half frequency signal,

a3) outputting from a first output a signal having a voltage consistent with a predetermined high logic level employed in the determining and imparting means when said half frequency signal is detected, and,

a4) outputting from a second output a copy of the isolated half frequency signal;

b) a synch pulse generator means, including first and second inputs respectively connected to the first and second outputs of the half frequency detection means, for outputting at an output a single pulse having a voltage consistent with the high logic level and whose transitions correspond to transitions of the induced half frequency signal, said single pulse being generated from the signals obtained from the first and second outputs of the half frequency detection means; and

,

c) a cursor phase reference signal generator means, including a first and second input respectively connected to the output of the synch pulse generator means and an output from the conductor containing a copy of the signal induced in said conductor by the AC magnetic field signal transmitting from the cursor, for generating a cursor phase reference signal at an output which has approximately the same frequency as and a known phase relationship to the basic cursor signal, said cursor phase reference signal being generated from the signal obtained from the synch pulse generator means and the conductor.

5. The device for imparting the signal phase status of claim 4, wherein the cordless digitizer includes a plurality of said conductors which form a two coordinate grid, the device further comprising:

a) a first and second selector device such that the conductors in one coordinate direction are connected to the first selector device and the conductors in the other coordinate direction are connected to the second selector device, each selector device having an output which is switchably connected to each conductor connected to the selector device such that an individual conductor can be connected to the output exclusive of the other conductors;

b) a selector logic means connected to the first and second selector devices for selecting one of the selector devices such that the output therefrom is connected through an amplifier to the input of the half frequency detection means and the second input of the cursor phase reference signal generator means, and wherein said selector logic means includes;

b1) a means for individually selecting each conductor connected to the selected selector device, sampling the magnitude of the signal carried therein, and identifying a conductor having a signal magnitude larger than a predetermined minimum,

b2) a means for switchably connecting a conductor connected to the selected selector device to the output thereof; and

,

c) a means connected to the selector logic means for switchably connecting the input of the half frequency detection means and the second input of the cursor phase reference signal generator means through said amplifier to one of (i) the output of the first selector device, and (ii) the output of the second selector device.

6. The device for imparting the signal phase status of claim 5, wherein the half frequency detection means comprises:

a) a bandpass filter having an input connected through said amplifier to the output of the selected selector device and which filters out essentially all signals except the half frequency signal, and outputs said half frequency signal at an output;

b) a frequency detector having an input connected to the output of the bandpass filter which detects the half frequency signal output by the bandpass filter, and which outputs at an output the signal having a voltage consistent with the predetermined high logic level when said half frequency signal is detected; and

c) a comparator having first and second inputs, the first input being connected to the output of the bandpass filter and the second input being connected to ground, said comparator outputting at an output a digital representation of the half frequency signal.

7. The device for imparting the signal phase status of claim 5, wherein the synch pulse generator means comprises:

a) a first flip flop having a clock input, a state input, and a state output wherein the clock input is connected to the output of the comparator in the half frequency detection means and the state input is connected to the output of the frequency detector in the half frequency detection means, said first flip flop state input and output being initially set at low logic levels;

b) a second flip flop having a clock input, a state input, and a state output wherein the clock input is connected to the output of the comparator in the half frequency detection means and the state input is connected to the state output of the first flip flop, said second flip flop state input and output being initially set at low logic levels;

c) a third flip flop having a clock input, a state input, and an inverting state output wherein the clock input is connected to the output of the comparator in the half frequency detection means and the state input is connected to the state output of the second flip flop, said third first flip flop state input and inverting state output being initially set at low logic levels; and

,

d) a logical AND gate having a first and second input, and an output, wherein the first input is connected to the state output of the second flip flop and the second input is connected to the inverting state output of the third flip flop.

8. The device for imparting the signal phase status of claim 5, wherein the cursor phase reference signal generator means comprises:

a) a free-running divide down counter having a first input connected to the output of the logical AND gate of the synch pulse generator means such that the counter is reset whenever said single pulse output from the synch pulse generator means is present and a second input connected to a signal source having a higher frequency than that of the basic cursor signal, said higher frequency signal being used to drive the counter, and whereby said cursor phase reference signal is approximately 180 degrees out of phase with the basic cursor signal and is output at the counter output whenever the counter is restarted;

b) a synch demodulator means having a first input connected to the output of the counter and a second input connected through the amplifier to the output of the selected selector device which outputs a copy of the signal induced in a selected conductor by the AC magnetic field signal transmitting from the cursor, said conductor having a signal magnitude larger than the predetermined minimum, and whereby a signal is output at a synch demodulator output which has a positive voltage whenever the signals input at the first and second inputs are closer to being in phase than 180 degrees out of phase and which has a negative voltage whenever the signals input at the first and second inputs are closer to being 180 degrees out of phase than to being in phase; and

c) a selective signal inverter means having a first input connected to the output of the synch demodulator means and a second input connected through the amplifier to the output of the selected selector device whereby said copy of the signal induced in the conductor is converted to a digital representation thereof and output directly at a selective signal inverter output whenever the signal input by the synch demodulator means has a negative voltage, and whereby said copy of the signal induced in the conductor is converted to a digital representation thereof and inverted prior to being output at the selective signal inverter output whenever the signal input by the synch demodulator means has a positive voltage.

9. The device for imparting the signal phase status of claim 8, wherein the selective signal inverter means comprises:

a) a first comparator having a first input connected to the output of the synch demodulator means and a second input connected to ground, whereby a digital representation of the signal output by the synch demodulation means is output at a first comparator output;

b) a microcontroller having an input connected to the output of the first comparator, the microcontroller outputting from a microcontroller output a signal having a low logic level voltage whenever the output from the first comparator is low and a high logic level whenever the output from the first comparator is high;

c) a second comparator having a first input connected to the output from the selected selector device and a second input connected to ground, whereby a digital representation of the copy of the signal induced in the conductor by the AC magnetic field signal transmitting from the cursor is output at a second comparator output; and

,

d) a logical exclusive OR gate having a first input connected to the output of the microcontroller and a second input connected to the output of the second comparator, whereby a digital representation of said copy of the signal induced in the conductor is output at a gate output whenever the signal from the microcontroller is low and an inverted digital representation of said copy of the signal induced in the conductor is output from the gate output whenever the signal from the microcontroller is high.

10. A cordless digitizer including a cursor which emits a basic alternating current (AC) magnetic field signal and a tablet with a grid of conductors, and wherein the basic AC magnetic field signal induces a corresponding signal in the grid of conductors, and further comprising:

a) a means for causing the cursor to temporarily emit a signal having a frequency which is lower than the frequency of a basic cursor signal instead of the basic AC magnetic field signal; and

,

b) a means for determining and imparting the signal phase status of the basic AC magnetic field signal transmitting from the cursor from a signal induced in the grid of conductors of the tablet by the signal transmitting from the cursor, using the temporarily emitted lower frequency signal.

11. The cordless digitizer of claim 10, wherein the cursor includes a basic cursor signal frequency generator for generating a signal having a predetermined frequency from an output thereof and a means connected to the output of the basic cursor signal generator which creates and emits from the cursor an AC magnetic field signal having a frequency equivalent to a frequency of a signal input into it, and wherein the lower frequency cursor signal means comprises:

a) a divide-by-two circuit means for outputting a signal which has a frequency one-half that of a signal input into it;

b) a means for switching the signal generated by the basic cursor signal frequency generator from the AC magnetic field signal creating and emitting means to an input of the divide-by-two circuit means;

c) a half frequency cursor signal logic means which controls the switching means and causes the signal output from the basic cursor signal frequency generator to be temporarily switched to the input of the divide-by-two circuit means; and

,

d) a means for connecting an output of the divide-by-two circuit means to the AC magnetic field signal creating and emitting means to cause the emitting of an AC magnetic field signal having a frequency one-half that of the signal generated by the basic cursor signal frequency generator.

12. The cordless digitizer of claim 11, wherein the half frequency cursor signal logic means includes additional logic means to cause the temporary switching the signal output from the basic cursor signal frequency generator to the input of the divide-by-two circuit means at a time immediately preceding an emitting of a signal used to determine cursor position, thereby temporarily causing said AC magnetic field signal emitted from the cursor to have a frequency one-half that of the signal generated by the basic cursor signal frequency.

13. The cordless digitizer of claim 11, wherein the determining and imparting means comprises:

a) a half frequency detection means including an input connected to said conductor for,

a1) isolating the half frequency signal induced in the conductor from a remaining portion of a signal induced in the conductor by the cursor emanations, the remaining portion having a frequency equal to that of the basic cursor frequency,

a2) detecting the isolated half frequency signal,

a3) outputting from a first output a signal having a voltage consistent with a predetermined high logic level employed in the determining and imparting means when said half frequency signal is detected, and,

a4) outputting from a second output a copy of the isolated half frequency signal;

b) a synch pulse generator means, including first and second inputs respectively connected to the first and second outputs of the half frequency detection means, for outputting at an output a single pulse having a voltage consistent with the high logic level and whose transitions correspond to transitions of the induced half frequency signal, said single pulse being generated from the signals obtained from the first and second outputs of the half frequency detection means; and

,

c) a cursor phase reference signal generator means, including a first and second input respectively connected to the output of the synch pulse generator means and an output from the conductor containing a copy of the signal induced in said conductor by the AC magnetic field signal transmitting from the cursor, for generating a cursor phase reference signal at an output which has approximately the same frequency as and a known phase relationship to the basic cursor signal, said cursor phase reference signal being generated from the signal obtained from the synch pulse generator means and the conductor.

14. The cordless digitizer of claim 13 further comprising:

a) a plurality of said conductors which form a two coordinate grid;

b) a first and second selector device such that the conductors in one coordinate direction are connected to the first selector device and the conductors in the other coordinate direction are connected to the second selector device, each selector device having an output which is switchably connected to each conductor connected to the selector device such that an individual conductor can be connected to the output exclusive of the other conductors;

c) a selector logic means connected to the first and second selector devices for selecting one of the selector devices such that the output therefrom is connected through an amplifier to the input of the half frequency detection means and the second input of the cursor phase reference signal generator means, and wherein said selector logic means includes;

c1) a means for individually selecting each conductor connected to the selected selector device, sampling the magnitude of the signal carried therein, and identifying a conductor having a signal magnitude larger than a predetermined minimum,

c2) a means for switchably connecting a conductor connected to the selected selector device to the output thereof; and

,

d) a means connected to the selector logic means for switchably connecting the input of the half frequency detection means and the second input of the cursor phase reference signal generator means through said amplifier to one of (i) the output of the first selector device, and (ii) the output of the second selector device.

15. In a cordless digitizer employing a cursor which emits a basic alternating current (AC) magnetic field signal and having a tablet with a grid of conductors, and wherein the basic AC magnetic field signal induces a corresponding signal in the grid of conductors, a method for imparting a signal phase status of the basic AC magnetic field signal transmitting from the cursor comprising the steps of:

a) causing the cursor to temporarily emit a signal having a frequency which is lower than the frequency of a basic cursor signal instead of the basic cursor signal; and

,

b) determining and imparting the signal phase status of the basic AC magnetic field signal transmitting from the cursor from a signal induced in the grid of conductors of the tablet by the signal transmitting from the cursor, using the temporarily emitted lower frequency signal.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the cursor includes a basic cursor signal frequency generator for generating a signal having a predetermined frequency from an output thereof and a means connected to the output of the basic cursor signal generator which creates and emits from the cursor an AC magnetic field signal having a frequency equivalent to a frequency of a signal input into it, and wherein said step of causing the cursor to temporarily emit a signal having a frequency which is lower than the frequency of a basic cursor signal comprises:

a) temporarily switching the signal generated by the basic cursor signal frequency generator from the AC magnetic field signal creating and emitting means to an input of a divide-by-two circuit means thereby creating a signal which has a frequency half that produced by the basic cursor frequency generator;

b) connecting an output of the divide-by-two circuit means to the AC magnetic field signal creating and emitting means to cause the temporary emitting of an AC magnetic field signal having a frequency half that of the signal generated by the basic cursor signal frequency generator;

c) disconnecting the output of the divide-by-two circuit means from the AC magnetic field signal creating and emitting means; and

,

d) switching the signal generated by the basic cursor signal frequency generator back to the AC magnetic field signal creating and emitting means from the input of a divide-by-two circuit means.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein said step of causing the cursor to temporarily emit a signal having a frequency which is half that of the frequency of a basic cursor signal further comprises the step of causing the temporary switching the signal output from the basic cursor signal frequency generator to the input of the divide-by-two circuit means at a time immediately preceding an emitting of a signal used to determine cursor position.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein said step of determining and imparting the signal phase status of the AC magnetic field signal comprises:

a) isolating the half frequency signal induced in the conductor from a remaining portion of a signal induced in the conductor by the cursor emanations, the remaining portion having a frequency equal to that of the basic cursor frequency;

b) detecting the isolated half frequency signal;

c) outputting a signal having a voltage consistent with a predetermined high logic level when said half frequency signal is detected;

d) outputting a single pulse having a voltage consistent with the high logic level and whose transitions correspond to transitions of the induced half frequency signal, said single pulse being generated from the signal output when the half frequency signal is detected and a copy of the isolated half frequency signal; and

,

e) generating a cursor phase reference signal which has approximately the same frequency as and a known phase relationship to the basic cursor signal, said cursor phase reference signal being generated from said single pulse and a copy of the signal induced in the conductor by the signal transmitting from the cursor.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the signal induced in the conductor has a signal magnitude larger than a predetermined minimum comprising the step of selecting from the signals existing on a plurality of said conductors, a signal having a signal magnitude larger than a predetermined minimum.