Method for detecting a fire condition

• US 5,373,159 A
• Filed: 09/02/1993
• Issued: 12/13/1994
• Est. Priority Date: 09/08/1992
• Status: Expired due to Term

• Current Assignee: Spectronix Ltd. (Emerson Electric Company)
• Original Assignee: Spectronix Ltd. (Emerson Electric Company)
• Inventors: Goldenberg, Ephraim, Arian, Jacob, Olami, Tal
• Primary Examiner(s): Hannaher, Constantine
• Application Number:
  US08/115,066
• Time in Patent Office: 467 Days
• Field of Search: 250/339.15
• US Class Current: 250/339.15
• CPC Class Codes: G08B 17/12 Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions

Abstract

A method of detecting a fire condition in a monitored region includes concurrently monitoring the region by a first sensor sensitive to radiation within a first bandwidth which includes the CO₂ emission band, by a second sensor sensitive to radiation within a second bandwidth which includes wavelengths mainly lower than the CO₂ emission band, and by a third sensor sensitive to the radiation within a third bandwidth which includes wavelengths higher than the CO₂ emission band. The measurements of all these sensors are utilized in determining the presence or absence of the fire condition in the monitored region.

Claims

1. A method of detecting a fire condition in a monitored region including the following operations:

(a) concurrently monitoring said region by a first sensor sensitive to radiation within a first bandwidth which includes the CO₂ emission band, by a second sensor sensitive to radiation within a second bandwidth which includes wavelengths mainly lower than the CO₂ emission band, and by a third sensor sensitive to radiation within a third bandwidth which includes wavelengths higher than the CO₂ emission band, wherein said third sensor senses radiation over a broad band which includes the two bands of said first and second sensors, and producing a first, second and third measurements of radiation variations emitted from said monitored region; and

(b) utilizing said measurements in determining the presence or absence of the fire condition in said monitored region.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said measurements are utilized in determining the presence or absence of a fire condition in said monitored region by:

determining the correlation between each of at least two of said three measurements with one of said three measurements to produce at least two correlation values;

comparing the ratio of said two correlation values to produce a correlation ratio;

comparing said correlation ratio with a predetermined threshold;

and utilizing the results of that latter comparison in determining the presence or absence of a fire condition in the monitored region.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein a first correlation is determined between said first and third measurements to produce a first correlation value, and a second correlation is determined between said second and third measurements to produce a second correlation value, which two correlation values are compared to produce the correlation ratio which is compared with said predetermined threshold and utilized in determining the presence or absence of a fire condition in the monitored area.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein each of said first and second correlation values are also compared with a predetermined threshold, which comparisons are also utilized in determining the presence or absence of a fire condition in the monitored area.

5. The method according to claim 3, wherein said first correlation value is determined by moving the signal outputted from the first sensor over the signal outputted by said third sensor and summing the products of all the points of said two signals;

and wherein said second correlation value is determined by moving the signal outputted by said second sensor over the signal outputted by said third sensor and summing the products of all the points of said two signals.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the correlation is determined between each of said measurements with respect to itself, without normalization, to produce first, second and third auto-correlation values, respectively;

and said first auto-correlation value is compared with said third auto-correlation value to produce a correlation ratio which is compared to a predetermined threshold and utilized in determining the presence or absence of a fire condition in the monitored region.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein said second auto-correlation value is compared with said third auto-correlation value to produce a second correlation ratio, which is compared to a predetermined threshold and utilized in determining the presence or absence of a fire condition in the monitored region.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein said first auto-correlation value is compared to a predetermined threshold and is also utilized in determining the presence or absence of a fire condition in the monitored region.

9. The method according to claim 6, wherein a correlation is determined between said first measurement and one of said other two measurements to produce a cross-correlation value, and said cross-correlation value is normalized, compared with a predetermined threshold, and utilized in determining the presence or absence of a fire condition in the monitored region.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein said cross-correlation value is determined between said first and second measurements by multiplying the cross-correlation value by itself, and dividing the product by the product of said first and second auto-correlation values.

11. The method according to claim 9, wherein said cross-correlation value is determined between said first and third measurements by multiplying it by itself, and dividing the product by the product of said first and third auto-correlation values.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein said first sensor senses infrared radiation within the 4.4-4.7 μ

m band;

the second sensor senses radiation within the 3.8-4.1 μ

m band; and

the third sensor senses radiation within the 3.8-4.7 μ

m band.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the auto-correlation of at least one of said first, second and third measurements with respect to itself is determined without normalization to produce an auto-correlation value, and said auto-correlation value is also utilized in determining the presence or absence of a fire condition in accordance with operation (b).

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the auto-correlation of each of said first, second and third measurements with respect to itself is determined without normalization to produce first, second and third auto-correlation values, which values are utilized in determining the presence or absence of a fire condition in operation (b).

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein said operation (b) further includes:

comparing the ratio of said first and second auto-correlation values to produce a first auto-correlation ratio;

comparing the ratio of said second and third auto-correlation values to produce a second auto-correlation ratio;

comparing each of said auto-correlation ratios with a predetermined threshold;

and utilizing the results of the latter comparison for determining the presence Or absence of a fire condition in the monitored area.

16. The method according to claim 15 wherein said ratio of the second and third auto-correlation values are compared to both a high threshold and a low threshold.

17. The method according to claim 1, wherein said third bandwidth of said third sensor includes wavelengths mainly higher than the CO₂ emission band.