High power factor boost rectifier apparatus

• US 5,383,109 A
• Filed: 12/10/1993
• Issued: 01/17/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 12/10/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: University of Colorado
• Original Assignee: University of Colorado
• Inventors: Maksimovic, Dragan, Erickson, Robert W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Stephan, Steven L.
• Assistant Examiner(s): NGUYEN, MATTHEW VAN
• Application Number:
  US08/165,404
• Time in Patent Office: 403 Days
• Field of Search: 323/222, 323/259, 323/282, 323/290, 323/344, 363/34, 363/37, 363/59-62, 363/101, 363/142, 363/143
• US Class Current: 323/222
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0085 Partially controlled bridges
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/10 Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/4208 Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

A power supply for providing a single level dc output voltage, with input power factor correction, from a wide range of ac input voltages commonly available worldwide. The power supply rectifier circuit can be configured as a full wave bridge for high line voltage inputs and as a voltage doubler for low voltage inputs. Output voltage regulation and power factor correction are accomplished by a high frequency boost circuit having two inductors connected in parallel for the low input voltage configuration and in series for the high input voltage configuration. The high frequency switching semiconductor components are connected in a series circuit which limits their voltage requirement to one-half the output voltage.

Claims

1. High power factor boost rectifier apparatus for providing a dc voltage output from one of a plurality of ac power sources, each of said sources providing one of a plurality of possible voltage levels, comprising:

input circuit means including input terminal means for connecting said boost rectifier apparatus to an ac power source, switching means for configuring said apparatus to the voltage level provided by said ac power source, and rectifier means for supplying rectified ac voltage across first and second rectifier terminals;

an output circuit including first and second intermediate terminals comprising;

semiconductor switch means connected across said first and second intermediate terminals;

first and second diodes;

capacitor means connected in series with said first and second diodes, said first diode connected to said first intermediate terminal and said second diode connected to said second intermediate terminal, thereby placing said semiconductor switch means in parallel with the series-connected first and second diodes and capacitor means;

a first output terminal connected to the junction of said first diode and said capacitor means;

a second output terminal connected to the junction of said second diode and said capacitor means;

said semiconductor switch means includes first and second transistors connected in series;

said capacitor means includes first and second capacitors connected in series; and

a connection from the junction of said first and second transistors to the junction of said first and second capacitors;

a first connection from the first rectifier terminal to the first intermediate terminal; and

a second connection from the second rectifier terminal to the second intermediate terminal;

whereby a dc output voltage is developed across said first and second output terminals and said output voltage is divided between said first and second transistors, between said first and second diodes, and between said first and second capacitors.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said input circuit further includes inductance means.

3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said inductance means includes first and second inductors.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said rectifier means comprises a full wave bridge rectifier configuration, its output connected to said first and second rectifier terminals.

5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said switching means configures said apparatus for connection to a high level input voltage by connecting said input circuit means and said first and second inductors in series across the input to the full wave bridge rectifier;

whereby said apparatus acts to place rectified positive and negative half cycles across said first and second transistors thereby providing an unboosted and unloaded output voltage equal to the peak ac input voltage.

6. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said switching means configures said apparatus for connection to a low level input by connecting first and second inductors together in parallel, and by connecting the parallel inductors in series with said input terminal means, and by further connecting that combination of inductors and input terminal means between one input to said full wave rectifier and the junction of said first and second transistors;

whereby said apparatus acts to place a rectified positive half cycle across said first transistor and a rectified negative half cycle across said second transistor thereby providing an unboosted and unloaded output voltage equal to double the peak ac input voltage.

7. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said switching means configures said apparatus for connection to a low level input by connecting first and second inductors in series across the input to said full wave rectifier, and by connecting said input terminal means between the junction of said first and second inductors and the junction of said first and second transistors;

whereby said apparatus acts to place a rectified positive half cycle across said first transistor and a rectified negative half cycle across said second transistor thereby providing an unboosted and unloaded output voltage equal to double the peak ac input voltage.

8. The apparatus of claim 5 wherein said first and second inductors comprise two windings on a common magnetic core, said windings connected in a cumulative series connection.

9. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said first and second inductors comprise two windings on a common magnetic core, said windings connected in a cumulative parallel connection.

10. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said first and second inductors comprise two windings on a common magnetic core, said windings connected in a cumulative parallel connection.

11. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein said first connection includes said first inductor and said second connection includes said second inductor, said first and second inductors comprising two windings on a common magnetic core in a cumulative series connection, and wherein said input terminal means is connected to the input of said full wave bridge rectifier.

12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said switching means configures said apparatus for connection to a low level input by connecting one input terminal of said full wave bridge rectifier to the junction of said first and second transistors.

13. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein said common magnetic core includes a permanent magnet, said permanent magnet acting to oppose the magnetic field produced by the dc current in said windings.

14. The apparatus of claim 12 wherein said common magnetic core includes a permanent magnet, said permanent magnet acting to oppose the magnetic field produced by the dc current in said windings.

15. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said rectifier means includes a full wave bridge rectifier circuit and wherein said switching means configures said apparatus for connection to a low level input voltage, including connecting said first and second inductors in parallel with each other and across the output of said bridge rectifier, said bridge rectifier connected in series between a first terminal of said input terminal means and the junction of said first and second transistors, and wherein said rectifier means includes two rectifier diodes connected in series between said first and second rectifier terminals, the junction of the two series-connected rectifier diodes connected to a second terminal of said input terminal means.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein said first and second inductors comprise two windings on a common magnetic core in a cumulative parallel connection.

17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein said common magnetic core includes a permanent magnet, said permanent magnet acting to oppose the magnetic field produced by the dc current in said windings.