Supplemental cooling system for coupling to refrigerant-cooled apparatus

• US 5,383,339 A
• Filed: 12/10/1992
• Issued: 01/24/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 12/10/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Baltimore Aircoil Company Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Baltimore Aircoil Company Incorporated
• Inventors: Brady, Thomas W., McCloskey, William D.
• Primary Examiner(s): Bennet, Henry A.
• Assistant Examiner(s): DOERRLER, WILLIAM CHARLES
• Application Number:
  US07/988,656
• Time in Patent Office: 775 Days
• Field of Search: 62/59, 62/79, 62/201, 62/238.1, 62/238.5, 62/238.6, 62/430, 62/434
• US Class Current: 62/238.5
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 2400/22 Refrigeration systems for supermarkets
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 40/02 Subcoolers
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 6/02 arranged in parallel
• CPC Class Codes: F25B 7/00 Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit F25B9/00 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F25D 16/00 Devices using a combination of a cooling mode associated with refrigerating machinery with a cooling mode not associated with refrigerating machinery

Abstract

A supplemental cooling system couplable to at least one refrigerant-cooled apparatus with a refrigerant circuit to reduce the refrigerant temperature in the refrigerant circuit, which cooling system is shown with a thermal storage system as well as an auxiliary condensing arrangement for coupling the refrigerant circuit and supplemental cooling system.

Claims

1. A supplemental cooling system couplable to at least one assembly with a refrigerant-cooled apparatus having a first refrigerant circuit with a first refrigerant and an evaporator, said supplemental cooling system operable to receive said first refrigerant at a first temperature ahead of said apparatus and to reduce the refrigerant first temperature, said supplemental cooling system comprising:

means for providing a refrigerant to cool a fluid, said refrigerant-providing means being one of said first refrigerant circuit and a second refrigerant circuit;

means for thermal storage having a housing with an output port and a return port,

a phase change material fluid in said housing,

means for freezing said phase change material, which freezing means is positioned in said housing and connected to said refrigerant-providing means to freeze at least a portion of said phase change material fluid at a second temperature and to cool said remaining portion of said fluid material in said housing to approximately the second temperature of said frozen phase change material, which frozen phase change material temperature is less than said first refrigerant temperature in said first refrigerant circuit;

means for connecting;

means for coupling having a first fluid path and a second fluid path, which coupling means is operable as means for exchanging heat and is connected by said connecting means in one of a parallel and a series arrangement with said first refrigerant circuit and said thermal storage means, said coupling means operable to receive said first refrigerant at said first temperature from said refrigerant circuit, which first temperature is greater than said second temperature, in one of said first and second fluid paths for flow through said coupling means before communication and return of said first refrigerant to said first refrigerant circuit and said evaporator of said refrigerant-cooled apparatus;

means for pumping said phase change material connected between the other of said coupling means first and second fluid paths and said housing output port to communicate said phase-change fluid material from said housing to said other fluid path of said first and second fluid paths in said coupling means;

said connecting means connecting said other of said first and second fluid paths and said housing input port to return said phase change fluid to said housing from said coupling means;

said phase change material fluid at said second temperature in said coupling means other fluid path operable to exchange heat with said refrigerant in said one fluid path to reduce the temperature of said first refrigerant in said circuit ahead of said refrigerant-cooled apparatus to a third temperature less than said first temperature to expand the operating range of the refrigerant circuit of said refrigerant-cooled apparatus by operation with a refrigerant at a temperature less than said first temperature.

2. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first refrigerant circuit has means for compressing a refrigerant vapor from a first and low pressure to a second and higher pressure;

means for condensing at least a portion of said refrigerant vapor at said second pressure to a liquid, which condensing means is coupled to said compressing means;

said coupling means operable to connect said condensing means to said refrigerant-cooled apparatus to communicate said first refrigerant to said apparatus, which apparatus in said first refrigerant circuit is coupled downstream to said compressing means to recycle said refrigerant in said first circuit.

3. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said one assembly has a low-temperature condensing application and said coupling means is an auxiliary condenser coupled between said compressing means and said condensing means in parallel with said first refrigerant circuit.

4. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said one assembly has a liquid sub-cooling application and said coupling means is a liquid refrigerant sub-cooler having said one of said first and second fluid paths coupled in series in said first refrigerant circuit between said condensing means and said liquid sub-cooling application.

5. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said compressing means is at least one compressor operable to receive a vapor at a first and lower pressue for compression to a second and higher pressure.

6. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said compressing means has a plurality of compressors arranged in a parallel circuit to receive a vapor at a first and lower pressure for compression to a second and higher pressure.

7. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said condensing means is an air cooled condenser.

8. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 2 wherein said condensing means is an evaporative condenser.

9. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 2 further comprising a liquid receiver coupled in parallel between said condensing means and said apparatus.

10. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means for providing a refrigerant is said second refrigerant circuit, said second circuit having a second refrigerant,

said means for freezing is a cooling coil in said housing, which coil is coupled to said second refrigerant circuit to receive said second refrigerant to cool and freeze said at least a portion of said phase change material in said housing.

11. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 10 wherein said second refrigerant circuit has means for compressing said second refrigerant and means for condensing said compressed second refrigerant from said compressing means.

12. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 11 wherein said second circuit compressing means is a compressor.

13. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 11 wherein said second circuit compressing means is a plurality of compressors arranged in parallel downstream from said coil to receive said second refrigerant from said coil for recirculating in said second circuit.

14. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 11 wherein said one assembly first refrigerant circuit has means for compressing, said cooling system further comprising means for diverting, which diverting means is coupled between said condensing means and said one-assembly, first refrigerant-circuit, first compression means, said diverting means is actuable to connect said second refrigerant circuit and said first compression means to operate as said second circuit compression means.

15. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a control valve in said connecting means and operable to provide fluid communication of said phase change material to said housing input port in a reference mode;

a heat exchange device;

a second circulating pump connected between said connecting means and said heat exchange device;

a signal and sensing device operable to sense a physical parameter and provide an output control signal, said sensing device coupled to said second pump and operable to actuate said second pump;

said connecting means coupling said heat exchange device and said control valve downstream of said second pump, which pump is actuable by said signal and sensing device to communicate said cooler temperature phase-change fluid to said heat exchange device for reduction of air passing therethrough, said control valve operable to route said fluid to said pump for communication to said heat exchange device and to couple and return said fluid from said heat exchange device to said housing input port.

16. A supplemental cooling system as claimed in claim 15 wherein said heat exchange device is an air cooling apparatus.

17. A cooling system operable to reduce the temperature of a working coolant fluid of a cooling apparatus below a normal operating temperature, which working-coolant fluid is communicable to at least one coolant-cooled apparatus, said system comprising:

means for compressing having an inlet port and a discharge port, said compressing means operable to receive a first working fluid at a first vapor pressure and compress said first working fluid at said first vapor pressure to a second and higher vapor pressure at said discharge port;

means for condensing said first working fluid having a condenser entry port and a condenser exit port, which condensing means may be one of an air-cooled condenser and an evaporative condenser;

means for connecting,

said compressing means discharge port and said condensing means coupled by said connecting means to communicate said first working fluid at said second vapor pressure to said condensing means;

means for thermal storage having an exit port, an entry port and a second working fluid therein, said second fluid being a phase-change fluid at a first and reference temperature, which second fluid at a thermal storage condition is at a second temperature lower than said reference temperature;

a first fluid circuit in said thermal storage means coupled to said means for condensing exit port by said connecting means and selectively operable to circulate said first working fluid from said condensing means to cool and freeze at least a portion of said second working fluid from said reference first temperature to said second and lower temperature;

an auxiliary condenser having a first internal-fluid circuit with an inlet port and an output port, and a second internal-fluid circuit with an inlet port and an output port,

one of said first and second internal-fluid circuits coupled between said means for condensing and said means for compressing in one of a parallel and series arrangement,

the other of said first and second internal-fluid circuits coupled by said connecting means to said thermal storage means entry port and said other internal-fluid output port, and said thermal storage exit port and said other internal-fluid inlet port, and operable to circulate said second working fluid at said second temperature through said auxiliary condenser to reduce the temperature of said first working fluid in said one internal-fluid circuit;

said connecting means coupling said auxiliary condenser and said condensing means to said coolant-cooled apparatus,

a liquid receiver connected in parallel with said conducting means upstream of said coolant-cooled operator and operable to receive first working fluid from said condensing means at a normal working temperature and from said auxiliary condenser at a third and reduced temperature less than said normal working temperature, which reduced temperature working fluid is operable to expand the operating range of said coolant-cooled operator beyond a rated capacity with an extant cooling apparatus.

18. A cooling system as claimed in claim 17 wherein said second working fluid is one of water and, a water and glycol mixture.

19. A cooling system as claimed in claim 17, further comprising a low-temperature condensing service apparatus said one of said evaporative and air-cooled condenser outlet ports is coupled to said low-temperature, condensing service apparatus by said connecting means to couple said first fluid circuit and said condensing means to communicate said first working fluid at a temperature below said second temperature for heat transfer and temperature reduction of said second working fluid to said second temperature in said thermal storage means;

a second fluid circuit having means for circulating, said second circuit coupled by said connecting means between said thermal storage means exit port and entry port to circulate said second working fluid at a temperature below said first temperature,

a third fluid circuit with a third operating fluid and at least one of a cooling and refrigeration apparatus, said second fluid circuit couplable to said third circuit by said connecting means to reduce the temperature of said third fluid in said third circuit to expand its operating range;

said third cooling circuit is coupled to a low-temperature, condensing-service apparatus having a second auxiliary condenser and one of an air-cooled condenser and an evaporative condenser, which one condenser is coupled by said connecting means in a parallel arrangement with said second auxiliary condenser having a first internal fluid circuit, an input port and an output port for communication of said second working fluid from said thermal storage means to said second auxiliary condenser for heat exchange with said third working fluid to reduce its temperature to said apparatus.

20. A cooling system as claimed in claim 19, further comprising a liquid receiver coupled in parallel with said low-temperature condensing-service apparatus to said means for connecting.

21. A cooling system as claimed in claim 17 wherein said third cooling circuit has a liquid refrigerant sub-cooler apparatus, said third circuit comprising at least one means for compressing a working fluid.

22. A cooling system couplable to at least one refrigerant-cooled apparatus to reduce the refrigerant temperature for expansion of the apparatus operating range and reduction of power consumption at an equivalent apparatus cooling capacity, said cooling system comprising:

means for compressing a refrigerant, said compressing means having an input port and a discharge port, and operable to receive a refrigerant vapor at a first and low pressure for compression to a second and higher pressure;

means for connecting;

first means for condensing a refrigerant having an entry passage and an exit passage, said entry passage coupled to said compressing means discharge port by said connecting means for communication of said compressed refrigerant at a higher pressure to said condensing means for refrigerant condensation and communication to said apparatus at a working temperature;

means for thermal storage having a housing, a phase change material at an ambient temperature and means for receiving said refrigerant in said housing, said receiving means coupled between said condensing means exit passage and said compressing means input port by said connecting means to receive said refrigerant to freeze at least a portion of phase change material in said housing and reduce said phase-change material temperature at a second temperature less than said ambient temperature;

means for pumping said phase-change material;

said refrigerant-cooled apparatus having a refrigerant circuit;

means for coupling having a first fluid circuit and a second fluid circuit,

one of said first and second fluid circuits coupled to said refrigerant circuit by said connecting means and operable to circulate said refrigerant between said coupling means and said refrigerant circuit upstream of said refrigerant apparatus,

the other of said first and second fluid circuits coupled to said thermal storage means by said connecting means and operable to circulate said phase-change material at said second temperature in said second fluid circuit;

said pumping means coupled between said apparatus refrigerant circuit coupling means and said thermal-storage means housing to pump said phase change material at said second temperature to said coupling means for heat exchange and to reduce below said working temperature the temperature of said refrigerant in said refrigeration circuit for communication to said apparatus to expand its operating range

23. A cooling system as claimed in claim 22, wherein said coupling means is an auxiliary condenser.

24. A cooling system as claimed in claim 22 further comprising a second refrigerant-cooled-apparatus having a refrigerant circuit and a second coupling means, said second-apparatus coupling means coupled to said pump and housing in parallel with said one refrigerant-cooled apparatus coupling means.

25. A cooling system as claimed in claim 22 further comprising a low-temperature condensing apparatus,

said refrigerant-cooled-apparatus condensing means is an evaporative condenser coupled to said low-temperature-condensing apparatus and said compressing means by said connecting means, said evaporative condenser operable to condense said refrigerant and discharge a high-pressure liquid refrigerant to said low-temperature condensing apparatus for cooling and return to said means for compressing.

26. A cooling system as claimed in claim 24, wherein said second refrigerant-cooled-apparatus coupling means is a liquid refrigerant sub-cooler.

27. A cooling system as claimed in claim 26 further comprising a sub-cooled-liquid apparatus, said second refrigerant-cooled apparatus having an evaporative condenser, said sub-cooler is coupled between said second refrigerant-cooled-apparatus evaporative condenser and said sub-cooled-liquid apparatus, for cooling and return of said refrigerant to said second means for compressing.

28. A cooling system as claimed in claim 24 further comprising an air-cooling apparatus having a coolant circuit with a thermal control valve and a secondary circulating pump therein, said air-cooling apparatus coupled to said pump to receive said fluid for one of diversion of said phase-change fluid to said second pump, said air-cooling apparatus and return to said housing in a first mode, and to direct said fluid to said housing in a second mode.