Highly efficient planar antenna on a periodic dielectric structure
First Claim
1. An apparatus for transmission or reception of electromagnetic radiation along a path of propagation comprising:
- a substrate having a spatially periodic dielectric lattice structure in which the lattice dimensions are proportioned to produce a band gap at a band of electromagnetic radiation frequencies such that radiation at such frequencies is substantially prevented from propagating in at least one dimension within the substrate; and
an antenna overlying said substrate and exposed to said path of propagation for transmitting or receiving radiation at said band of frequencies.
2 Assignments
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
Efficient transmission and reception of electromagnetic radiation are achieved by an antenna on a substrate. An antenna is fabricated on the top surface of a substrate which includes a periodic dielectric structure. The antenna operates at a frequency within the band gap of the periodic dielectric structure. Radiation emitted by the antenna cannot propagate through the structure and is therefore emitted only into space away from the substrate. When the antenna is receiving, radiation striking the device does not propagate through the substrate but is concentrated at the antenna. A phased array with isolated elements is achieved by fabricating the array elements on top of a substrate having a periodic dielectric structure and by surrounding the circuits associated with each antenna element with the periodic dielectric structure. Radiation from an element or associated circuitry at a frequency within the band gap of the structure cannot propagate into the substrate to interfere with other elements.
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Citations
53 Claims
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1. An apparatus for transmission or reception of electromagnetic radiation along a path of propagation comprising:
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a substrate having a spatially periodic dielectric lattice structure in which the lattice dimensions are proportioned to produce a band gap at a band of electromagnetic radiation frequencies such that radiation at such frequencies is substantially prevented from propagating in at least one dimension within the substrate; and an antenna overlying said substrate and exposed to said path of propagation for transmitting or receiving radiation at said band of frequencies. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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13. A monolithic transmitter/receiver device for receiving or transmitting energy in a path of propagation comprising:
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a semiconductor substrate having a first portion in which a spatially periodic dielectric lattice structure is formed, said lattice structure having dimensions proportioned to produce a frequency band gap at a band of electromagnetic radiation frequencies such that radiation at said frequencies is substantially prevented from propagating in at least one dimension within the periodic dielectric lattice structure; an antenna exposed to said path of propagation formed over a surface of the periodic dielectric structure, said antenna being operable at operating frequencies within the frequency band gap such that electromagnetic energy propagating from or to the antenna is prevented from entering into the substrate; and a transmit/receive circuit formed in a second portion of the substrate and electrically coupled to the antenna.
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29. A method of substantially eliminating propagation of electromagnetic radiation within a substrate around an antenna circuit mounted on a surface of the substrate, said method comprising the steps of:
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providing a spatially periodic dielectric lattice structure on the substrate, said periodic dielectric lattice structure having dimensions proportioned to produce a frequency band gap defining a band of electromagnetic radiation frequencies such that electromagnetic radiation at such frequencies is substantially prevented from propagating in at least one dimension within the structure, said frequency band gap including an operating frequency at which the antenna circuit is operable; mounting the antenna circuit on the surface of the periodic dielectric lattice structure exposed to said radiation; and operating the antenna circuit at the operating frequency such that propagation of electromagnetic radiation at the operation frequency within the structure is substantially eliminated. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36)
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37. A method of isolating antenna elements in a phased array comprising:
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providing a substrate, a portion of said substrate having a spatially periodic dielectric lattice structure, said periodic dielectric lattice structure having dimensions proportioned to produce a frequency band gap defining a band of electromagnetic radiation frequencies such that electromagnetic radiation at such frequencies is substantially prevented from propagating in at least one dimension within the periodic dielectric structure; and mounting a plurality of antenna circuits on a surface of the substrate exposed to said radiation, said antenna circuits being operable at operating frequencies within the frequency band gap of the periodic dielectric lattice structure, such that when the antenna circuits operate, interference among them caused by propagation of electromagnetic radiation within the substrate is substantially eliminated. - View Dependent Claims (38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
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43. A method of efficiently operating an antenna comprising:
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providing a substrate, a portion of said substrate having a spatially periodic dielectric lattice structure having dimensions proportioned to produce a frequency band gap defining a band of electromagnetic radiation frequencies such that electromagnetic radiation at such frequencies is substantially prevented from propagating in at least one dimension within the periodic dielectric structure; mounting the antenna on a surface of the substrate exposed to such radiation; and operating the antenna at an operating frequency within the band gap of the periodic dielectric lattice structure such that propagation of electromagnetic radiation at the operating frequency within the substrate is substantially eliminated. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49)
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50. A monolithic phased array comprising:
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a substrate in which a spatially periodic dielectric lattice structure is formed, said structure having dimensions proportioned to provide a frequency band gap at a band of electromagnetic radiation frequencies such that electromagnetic radiation at such frequencies is substantially prevented from propagating in at least one dimension within the periodic dielectric lattice structure; and a plurality of antennas formed on a surface of the substrate exposed to such radiation, said antennas being operable at operating frequencies within the frequency band gap such that interference among the antennas caused by electromagnetic transmission within the substrate is substantially eliminated. - View Dependent Claims (51, 52, 53)
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Specification