Compliant fluidic coolant hat

• US 5,388,635 A
• Filed: 05/08/1992
• Issued: 02/14/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 04/27/1990
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Zingher, Arthur R., Gruber, Peter A.
• Primary Examiner(s): Rivell, John
• Assistant Examiner(s): LEO, LEONARD R
• Application Number:
  US07/883,051
• Time in Patent Office: 1,012 Days
• Field of Search: 165/46, 165/80.3, 165/80.4, 165/80.5, 165/185, 361/382, 361/383, 361/385, 357/82, 357/83
• US Class Current: 165/80.4
• CPC Class Codes: F28D 2021/0029 Heat sinks
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 2210/02 with particular branching, e.g. fractal conduit arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 3/12 Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels F28D1/02, F28D1/03 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F28F 9/0278 in the form of stacked distribution plates or perforated plates arranged over end plates
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2224/16 of an individual bump connector
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2224/73253 Bump and layer connectors
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/433 Auxiliary members in containers characterised by their shape, e.g. pistons
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/473 by flowing liquids H01L23/4332, H01L23/4338 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00014 the subject-matter covered by the group, the symbol of which is combined with the symbol of this group, being disclosed without further technical details
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/01014 Silicon [Si]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/13034 Silicon Controlled Rectifier [SCR]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/1305 Bipolar Junction Transistor [BJT]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/3025 Electromagnetic shielding
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/3511 Warping

Abstract

A cooling hat for transferring heat from a surface or plurality of heat generating components to a flowing fluid includes a coldsheet, a plurality of manifold layers and springs. The coldsheet is typically a medium-thin metal sheet usually with fine fins or grooves to readily transfer heat to a coolant. Each manifold layer is typically molded rubber with conduits for coolant supply and return. The conduits form a branched hierarchy. The fluid flow is highly parallel and streamlined which achieves ample flow with small hydraulic differential pressure. Springs gently urge the cooling hat against the thermal joints hence against the components. The hat can bend slightly to conform to a curved surface. Typically some compliance is provided by the hat, and other compliance is provided by a thermal joint between each component and the coldsheet. The system is highly self-aligned for counteracting variations.

Claims

1. A system for transferring heat from a surface to a flowing fluid comprising:

a non-soft material flexible manifold containing conduit means for guiding the fluid in a topologically parallel branched hierarchy.

2. A system as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a flexible sheet in thermal conduction relation with said surface.

3. A system as set forth in claim 2, wherein said flexible sheet is metal.

4. A system as set forth in claim 2, wherein said flexible sheet contains grooves and fins.

5. A system as set forth in claim 2, wherein said flexible sheet is smooth.

6. A system as set forth in claim 2, wherein said flexible sheet is textured.

7. A system as set forth in claim 2, wherein said flexible sheet includes grooves and fins.

8. A system as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a thermal joint disposed between said manifold and said surface and means for urging said surface into intimate contact with said thermal joint.

9. A system as set forth in claim 8, wherein said thermal joint includes means for facilitating sliding.

10. A system as set forth in claim 8, wherein said thermal joint includes means for filling gaps between said surface and said manifold.

11. A system as set forth in claim 2, further comprising a thermal joint disposed between said flexible sheet and said surface and means for urging said flexible sheet into intimate contact with said thermal joint.

12. A system as set forth in claim 11, wherein said thermal joint includes means for facilitating sliding.

13. A system as set forth in claim 11, wherein said thermal joint includes means for filling gaps between said flexible sheet and said surface.

14. A system as set forth in claim 1, wherein said manifold is a polymer.

15. A system as set forth in claim 1, wherein said manifold is fabricated with a master pattern.

16. A cooling hat as set forth in claim 2, wherein the thickness of said flexible sheet is in the range between substantially 50 and 750 microns.

17. A system as set forth in claim 2 wherein said manifold further comprises a supply conduit and a return conduit disposed so that the distance from the center of said supply conduit to the center of said return conduit is less than approximately 4 mm.

18. A system for transferring heat between a plurality of power dissipating components and a flowing fluid comprising;

a flexible coldsheet in thermal conduction relation with said plurality of components; and

a non-brittle soft material flexible manifold coupled to said coldsheet including means for guiding the fluid in a topologically parallel branched hierarchy.

19. A system as set forth in claim 18, wherein said flexible coldsheet is metal.

20. A system as set forth in claim 19, wherein said flexible coldsheet contains grooves and fins.

21. A system as set forth in claim 18, wherein said flexible coldsheet is smooth.

22. A system as set forth in claim 18, wherein said flexible coldsheet is textured.

23. A system as set forth in claim 18, wherein said flexible coldsheet includes grooves and fins.

24. A system as set forth in claim 18, further comprising a thermal joint disposed between said components and said coldsheet and means for urging said coldsheet into intimate contact with said thermal joint.

25. A cooling hat as set forth in claim 24, wherein said thermal joint includes means for facilitating sliding.

26. A system as set forth in claim 24 wherein said thermal joint includes means for filling gaps between said components and said coldsheet.

27. A system as set forth in claim 18, wherein said manifold is a polymer.

28. A system as set forth in claim 27 wherein said manifold is fabricated with a master pattern.

29. A system as set forth in claim 18, wherein the thickness of said flexible coldsheet is in the range between substantially 50 and 750 microns.

30. A system as set forth in claim 18 wherein said manifold further comprises a supply conduit and a return conduit disposed so that the distance from the center of said supply conduit to the center of said return conduit is less than approximately 4 mm.

31. A system for transferring heat from a plurality of power dissipating components to a flowing fluid comprising:

a non-brittle soft material flexible manifold including conduit means for guiding the fluid in a topologically parallel branched hierarchy, said conduit means being arranged in tiers, and

connector means coupling successive tiers including means for maintaining constant fluid flow speed across at least one of said connector means.

32. In a system for transferring heat from a plurality of components to a coldsheet and then to a flowing fluid comprising:

means disposed for causing said coldsheet to compensate for the vertical positions of said plurality of components, and

a non-brittle soft material flexible including conduit means for guiding the fluid in a parallel branched hierarchy.

33. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 32, wherein said plurality of components are disposed on a substrate and the heat is transferred from a component surface opposite said substrate.

34. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 32, wherein said coldsheet is flexible.

35. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 34, wherein said flexible coldsheet is unitary.

36. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 32, further comprising a thermal joint disposed between said plurality of components and said coldsheet wherein said thermal joint further includes means for facilitating sliding.

37. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 32, further comprising a thermal joint disposed between said plurality of components and said coldsheet wherein said thermal joint further includes means for filling gaps between said plurality of components and said coldsheet.

38. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 32, further comprising a thermal joint disposed between said plurality of components and said coldsheet wherein said thermal joint further includes means for facilitating sliding and means for filling gaps between said plurality of components and said coldsheet.

39. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 32 wherein said manifold is a polymer.

40. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 32, wherein said manifold is fabricated from a master pattern.

41. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 32, wherein said conduit means is arranged in tiers.

42. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 41, further comprising connector means for coupling successive tiers including means for maintaining constant fluid flow speed across at least one of said connector means.

43. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 41, wherein at least one of said conduit means has a tapered cross-section.

44. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 32 further comprising means for personalizing the fluid flow over said coldsheet.

45. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 32, further comprising a second oppositely disposed coldsheet for forming a two-sided coldhat.

46. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 32 wherein said coldsheet includes a pattern of fins and grooves.

47. A system for transferring heat as set forth in claim 46, wherein said pattern of fins and grooves is personalized for matching the individual power of each of said plurality of components.

48. A system as set forth in claim 32 wherein said manifold further comprises a supply conduit and a return conduit disposed so that the distance from the center of said supply conduit to the center of said return conduit is less than approximately 4 mm.