Automatic transmission control system

• US 5,389,046 A
• Filed: 05/25/1993
• Issued: 02/14/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 05/25/1993
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Ford Motor Company
• Original Assignee: Ford Motor Company
• Inventors: Bolz, Ralph C., Timte, Frank W.
• Primary Examiner(s): Wright, Dirk
• Application Number:
  US08/066,826
• Time in Patent Office: 630 Days
• Field of Search: 475/116, 475/128, 475/129, 475/146
• US Class Current: 475/127
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2061/0255 Solenoid valve using PWM or duty-cycle control
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2061/0258 Proportional solenoid valve
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2061/0466 Smoothing shift shock by apply or release of band brake servos, e.g. overlap control of band brake and a clutch or vice versa
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2061/0485 during range shift from neutral (N) to reverse (R)
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 59/14 Inputs being a function of torque or torque demand
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 61/0021 Generation or control of line pressure
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 61/0206 Layout of electro-hydraulic control circuits, e.g. arrangement of valves for control of actuators selecting and moving final output members, e.g. shift forks F16H61/2807
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 61/0251 Elements specially adapted for electric control units, e.g. valves for converting electrical signals to fluid signals
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 61/067 using an accumulator
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 61/068 using an orifice control valve F16H61/067 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 61/08 Timing control
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 61/21 Providing engine brake control
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 63/3003 Band brake actuating mechanisms

Abstract

A hydrokinetic, multiple-ratio torque converter transmission mechanism having a simplified valve system with variable force solenoids for controlling line pressure as well as ratio shifts, a simplified clutch-and-brake hydraulic circuit with separate fluid pressure feed and exhaust passages, a common accumulator arrangement for controlling each of two ratio upshifts and a simplified brake servo mechanism having the dual function of establishing a torque reaction point for each of two distinct transmission ratios.

Claims

1. An automatic transmission for use in a vehicle driveline comprising multiple ratio gearing, adapted to provide multiple torque flow paths from a driving member to a driven member, a fluid pressure operated brake means for anchoring a reaction member for said gearing;

first clutch means for delivering torque from said driving member to one torque input member of said gearing while said brake means is applied to establish one gear ratio;

second clutch means for delivering torque from said driving member to another torque input member of said gearing while said brake means is applied to establish another gear ratio, said first and second clutch means being applied simultaneously while said brake means is released to establish a gear ratio intermediate said one gear ratio and said other gear ratio; and

a fluid pressure accumulator means for cushioning application of said brake means during establishment of said one gear ratio and said other gear ratio;

said brake means including a double action servo having a piston that partially defines a brake apply pressure chamber and a brake release pressure chamber;

a pressure accumulator in fluid communication with said brake apply pressure chamber during operation of said transmission in said one gear ratio and said other gear ratio; and

control valve means for interrupting communication of said pressure accumulator with said brake apply pressure chamber when said intermediate gear ratio is established and establishing such communication when said one gear ratio and said other gear ratio are established.

2. The combination as set forth in claim 1 wherein said transmission comprises a control valve circuit including a line pressure source;

a main regulator valve means in said circuit for regulating pressure from said pressure source; and

means for establishing a torque pressure signal indicating the magnitude of torque delivered by said driving member;

said regulator valve means being in communication with said torque pressure signal whereby optimum torque capacity of said brake means and said first and second clutch means is maintained during ratio changes into said one gear ratio and into said other gear ratio.

3. The combination as set forth in claim 2 wherein said transmission comprises a control valve circuit including a pressure source, first and second shift valve means for selectively distributing pressure from said pressure source to each of said clutch means and to said brake means;

and

shift solenoid valve means for developing shift pressure signals in response to changing operating variables including driven member speed and torque on said driving member, said shift pressure signals being distributed to and actuating said first and second shift valve means;

each shift valve means being in communication with said brake apply pressure chamber, at least one shift valve means being in communication with said servo release pressure chamber whereby ratio changes between each of four speed ratios is achieved; and

means for distributing regulated pressure from said regulator valve means to said brake apply chamber through at least one shift valve means whereby optimum torque capacity of said brake means is maintained during ratio shift between two intermediate gear ratios between the lowest gear ratio and the highest gear ratio.

4. The combination as set forth in claim 1 including separate fluid pressure feed passage means and fluid pressure return passage means communicating with said first and second clutch means and with said brake means, and a calibrated flow control orifice in said pressure feed passage means for controlling engagement timing, the fluid return flow in said return passage means being unrestricted thereby effecting rapid disengagement of said first and second clutch means and said brake means.

5. The combination as set forth in claim 1 including a servo release valve means communicating with said servo release pressure chamber for modulating the ratio of flow of fluid from said release pressure chamber upon application of said brake means.

6. A geared transmission for establishing torque flow paths from a driving member to a driven member comprising fluid pressure operated brake means for braking a reaction member that is common to each of two torque flow paths, each torque flow path having a discrete gear ratio;

first clutch means for delivering torque from said driving member to one torque input member of said transmission while said brake means is applied to establish one gear ratio;

second clutch means for delivering torque from said driving member to another torque input member of said transmission while said brake means is applied and said first clutch means is applied to establish another gear ratio;

said first and second clutch means both being applied while said brake means is released to establish a gear ratio intermediate said one gear ratio and said other gear ratio;

said brake means including a double action servo having a piston that partially defines a brake apply pressure chamber and a brake release pressure chamber;

a pressure accumulator in fluid communication with said brake apply pressure chamber during operation of said transmission in said one gear ratio and said other gear ratio; and

control valve means for interrupting communication of said pressure accumulator with said brake apply pressure chamber when said intermediate gear ratio is established and establishing such communication when said one gear ratio and said other gear ratio are established.

7. The combination as set forth in claim 6 wherein said transmission comprises a control valve circuit including a line pressure source;

a main regulator valve means in said circuit for regulating pressure from said pressure source; and

means for establishing a torque pressure signal indicating the magnitude of torque delivered by said driving member;

said regulator valve means being in communication with said torque pressure signal whereby optimum torque capacity of said brake means and said first and second clutch means is maintained during ratio changes into said one gear ratio and into said other gear ratio.

8. The combination as set forth in claim 7 wherein said transmission comprises a control valve circuit including a pressure source, first and second shift valve means for selectively distributing pressure from said pressure source to each of said clutch means and to said brake means;

and

shift solenoid valve means for developing shift pressure signals in response to changing operating variables including driven member speed and torque on said driving member, said shift pressure signals being distributed to and actuating said first and second shift valve means;

each shift valve means being in communication with said brake apply pressure chamber, at least one shift valve means being in communication with said servo release pressure chamber whereby ratio changes between each of four speed ratios is achieved; and

means for distributing regulated pressure from said regulator valve means to said brake apply chamber through at least one shift valve means whereby optimum torque capacity of said brake means is maintained during ratio shift between two intermediate gear ratios between the lowest gear ratio and the highest gear ratio.

9. The combination as set forth in claim 6 including a servo release valve means communicating with said servo release pressure chamber for modulating the ratio of flow of fluid from said release pressure chamber upon application of said brake means.

10. An automatic transmission for use in a vehicle driveline comprising multiple ratio gearing, adapted to provide multiple torque flow paths from a driving member to a driven member, a fluid pressure operated brake means for anchoring a reaction member for said gearing;

first clutch means for delivering torque from said driving member to one torque input member of said gearing while said brake mans is applied to establish one gear ratio;

second clutch means for delivering torque from said driving member to another torque input member of said gearing while said brake means is applied to establish another gear ratio, said first and second clutch means being applied simultaneously while said brake means is released to establish a gear ratio intermediate said one gear ratio and said other gear ratio;

a fluid pressure accumulator means for cushioning application of said brake means during establishment of said one gear ratio and said other gear ratio,

separate fluid pressure feed passage means and fluid pressure return passage means communicating with said first and second clutch means and with said brake means, and a calibrated flow control orifice in said pressure feed passage means for controlling engagement timing, the fluid return flow in said return passage means being unrestricted thereby effecting rapid disengagement of said first and second clutch means and said brake means.

11. A geared transmission for establishing torque flow paths from a driving member to a driven member comprising fluid pressure operated brake means for braking a reaction member that is common to each of two torque flow paths, each torque flow path having a discrete gear ratio;

first clutch means for delivering torque from said driving member to one torque input member of said transmission while said brake means is applied to establish one gear ratio;

second clutch means for delivering torque from said driving member to another torque input member of said transmission while said brake means is applied and said first clutch means is applied to establish another gear ratio;

said first and second clutch means both being applied while said brake means is released to establish a gear ratio intermediate said one gear ratio and said other gear ratio;

separate fluid pressure feed passage means and fluid pressure return passage means communicating with said first and second clutch means and with said brake means, and a calibrated flow control orifice in said pressure feed passage means for controlling engagement timing, the fluid return flow in said return passage means being unrestricted thereby effecting rapid disengagement of said first and second clutch means and said brake means.

12. An automatic transmission control system for a geared transmission having multiple forward gear ratios and a reverse gear ratio;

said gearing providing forward driving torque delivery paths and a reverse torque delivery path from a driving member to a driven member;

a control valve circuit including a pressure source, a regulator valve means for regulating said pressure source;

a forward drive clutch means for establishing and disestablishing a driving connection between said driving shaft and forward drive torque input elements of said gearing, a reverse drive clutch means for establishing and disestablishing a driving connection between said driving shaft and reverse drive torque input elements of said gearing, a low and reverse drive brake means for anchoring a reaction element of said gearing during reverse drive and during forward drive; and

a manual valve means communicating with said regulator valve means for selectively distributing pressure to said low and reverse drive brake means and said reverse drive clutch means and to said low and reverse drive brake means and said forward drive clutch means;

said circuit including separate fluid pressure delivery passages between said manual valve means and each of said reverse drive clutch means and said low and reverse drive clutch means, the pressure delivery passage for said low and reverse drive brake means including a calibrated flow restricting orifice whereby said low and reverse drive clutch means becomes applied after application of said reverse drive clutch upon movement of said manual valve to the reverse drive position thus effecting cushioning and smooth engagement for said low and reverse drive brake means and said reverse drive clutch means.

13. The combination as set forth in claim 12 wherein said forward driving torque delivery paths include gearing elements defining an underdrive gear ratio and a direct drive ratio;

direct drive clutch means for establishing and disestablishing said direct ratio drive torque delivery path; and

forward drive clutch means for establishing and disestablishing said underdrive ratio drive torque delivery path;

said manual valve means being adapted to pressurize at least one of said forward drive clutch means and said direct drive clutch means upon movement to a first position and to pressurize said reverse drive clutch means upon movement to a second position.

14. The combination as set forth in claim 13 wherein said circuit includes shift valve means defining in part a fluid connection between said manual valve means and said clutch means and brake means;

and

a pull-in valve means in fluid communication with said manual valve in fluid communication with said manual valve means and said shift valve means for shifting said shift valve means to an underdrive position upon manual movement of said manual valve means to a position corresponding to said underdrive ratio.

15. The combination as set forth in claim 14 wherein said circuit includes a shift signal source in fluid communication with said shift valve means;

a source of a regulated fluid supply pressure for said shift signal source;

said pull-in valve forming in part a fluid connection between said supply pressure source and said shift valve means whereby said shift valve means assumes an underdrive position upon movement of said manual valve means to said underdrive ratio position.