Method and apparatus providing for bootstrapping of switches in an ATM network or the like

• US 5,390,170 A
• Filed: 06/29/1993
• Issued: 02/14/1995
• Est. Priority Date: 10/13/1992
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Nortel Networks Limited (Nortel Networks Corporation)
• Original Assignee: SynOptics Communications, Inc. (Nortel Networks Corporation)
• Inventors: Chatwani, Dilip, Davar, Jonathan, Chiang, Winnis, Opher, Ayal, Sawant, Shiva, Subramanian, Rajan
• Primary Examiner(s): Olms, Douglas W.
• Assistant Examiner(s): BLUM, RUSSELL
• Application Number:
  US08/085,600
• Time in Patent Office: 595 Days
• Field of Search: 370/58.1, 370/60, 370/60.1, 370/94.1, 370/110.1, 370/58.2
• US Class Current: 370/399
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5619 Network Node Interface, e.g. tandem connections, transit switching
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/5626 Network management, e.g. Intelligent nets
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2012/563 Signalling, e.g. protocols, reference model
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2101/604 Address structures or formats
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/12 Discovery or management of network topologies
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/32 Specific management aspects for broadband networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 41/344 Out-of-band transfers
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/02 Topology update or discovery
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/10 Routing in connection-oriented networks, e.g. X.25 or ATM
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/42 Centralised routing
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/105 ATM switching elements
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/254 Centralised controller, i.e. arbitration or scheduling
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/255 Control mechanisms for ATM switching fabrics
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/3009 Header conversion, routing tables or routing tags
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/50 Overload detection or protection within a single switching element
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 49/55 Prevention, detection or correction of errors
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/10 of different types
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5007 Internet protocol [IP] addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5076 Update or notification mechanisms, e.g. DynDNS
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/40 Network security protocols
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 11/0478 : Provisions for broadband connections

Abstract

An asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network or the like providing for booting of switches from one or more boot servers. The booting process comprises the steps of a switch querying as to possible communication paths with a boot manager and then establishing a boot communication channel with the boot manager. Boot messages are then communicated over the boot communication channel. Importantly, boot messages may be transmitted between the booting switch and the boot manager through a neighboring switch and intermediate switches by using the neighboring switch'"'"'s virtual service path to effect such communication. This allows communication of these messages through translation by the neighbor'"'"'s and the intermediate switch'"'"'s switch fabric and without need for utilization of the neighbor'"'"'s or the intermediate switch'"'"'s switch controller.

Claims

1. A method of booting a switch in an ATM network or the like, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) said switch transmitting, on each of its ATM ports, path access query messages;

(b) said path access query messages being transmitted through intermediate switches to a central boot manager;

(c) said central boot manager responding to said path access query messages by transmitting, through said intermediate switches, a path access response;

(d) said switch determining based on received path access responses over which of said ATM ports to allow communication with said central boot manager;

(e) said switch selecting one of said ATM ports as a boot port and initiating a boot process to obtain boot code over said selected ATM port.

2. The method as recited by claim 1 wherein said transmission through said intermediate switches occurs by translation of header information in each of said intermediate switch'"'"'s switch fabric.

3. The method as recited by claim 1 wherein said selection process is based on a cost factor value provided by said boot manager in said path access response.

4. A method of booting a first switch in an ATM network or the like, said network comprising said first switch, a neighbor switch, an intermediate switch and a boot manager, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) said first switch selecting a port for initiating boot communication with said boot manager, said port coupling said first switch in communication with said neighbor switch;

(b) said first switch transmitting boot request messages over a meta-boot channel of said selected port;

(c) said neighbor switch receiving said boot request messages and translating said boot request messages for retransmission on said neighbor switch'"'"'s virtual service path;

(d) said boot request messages being transmitted via said neighbor switch'"'"'s virtual service path over said intermediate switch to said boot manager;

(e) said boot manager responding to said first switch over said neighbor switch'"'"'s virtual service path.

5. The method as recited by claim 4 wherein said boot request messages comprise boot file query messages and F-TFTP requests.

6. The method as recited by claim 4 wherein said process of selecting a port comprises the steps of said switch transmitting on each of its ports path access query messages and receiving, responsive to said path access query messages, path access response messages on those ports over which communication with said boot manager is possible, and said switch selecting one of said ports on which a path access response message was received.

7. The method as recited by claim 6 wherein said selection process is takes into account a cost factor provided by said boot manager in said path access response message.

8. The method as recited by claim 4 wherein said neighbor switch and said intermediate switch translates a header of said boot request message using their respective switch fabrics.

9. The method as recited by claim 4 wherein said boot manager establishes communication between said first switch and a boot server to allow said boot server to provide boot code to said boot manager.

10. The method as recited by claim 9 wherein said communication is established between said first switch and said boot server by said boot manager and said boot server communicating using a TFTP protocol to transmit boot code between said boot server and said boot manager and by said boot manager and said first switch communicating using a F-TFTP protocol to transmit said boot code between said boot manager and said first switch.

11. A method of establishing a virtual service path in an ATM network, said network comprising a first switch having a first virtual service path allowing communication between said first switch and a central manager, an intermediate switch located along said virtual service path between said first switch and said central manager, and a second switch, said second switch coupled in communication with said first switch allowing communication of information between said second switch and said central manager over said virtual service path, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) said second switch communicating a request for boot code to said central manager over said first virtual service path;

(b) said central manager providing said boot code to said second switch over said first virtual service path;

(c) said second switch receiving said boot code and transfers control of said second switch to said boot code; and

(d) said central manager communicating updates to said first switch and said intermediate switch to update said first switch'"'"'s switch fabric and said intermediate switch'"'"'s switch fabric to provide for a second virtual service path between said second switch and said central manager.

12. The method as recited by claim 11 wherein said first virtual service path comprises a virtual connection between said first switch and said central manager and a meta-boot channel between said second switch and said first switch.

13. A method of establishing a virtual service path in an ATM network, said network comprising a first switch having a first virtual service path allowing communication between said first switch and a central manager, a second switch having a second virtual service path allowing communication between said second switch and said central manager, and a third switch, said third switch coupled over a first port in communication with said first switch allowing communication of information between said third switch and said central manager over said first virtual service path, said third switch further coupled over a second path with said second switch allowing communication of information between said third switch and said central manager over said second virtual path, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) said third switch communicating path query requests over said first port and said second port and determining, as a result of said communication of step (a), that connections to said central manager are available over both said first port and said second port;

(b) said third switch selecting to obtain boot code from said central manager over said first port;

(c) said third switch requesting said boot code over said first port;

(d) said central manager providing said boot code to said third switch over said first virtual service path;

(e) said third switch receiving said boot code and transferring control of said third switch to said boot code;

(f) said third switch again communicating path query requests over said first port and said second port and determining, as a result of said communication of step (f), that connections to said central manager are available over both said first port and said second port;

(g) said third switch selecting said second port for establishment of a third virtual path connection with said central manager;

(g) said third switch initiating switch registration with said central manager over said second port; and

(h) responsive to said switch registration, said central manager communicating updates to said second switch to update said second switch'"'"'s switch fabric to provide for a third virtual service path between said third switch and said central manager.

14. A method of concurrently booting a first and a second switch in a network, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) at time t1, said first switch determining a first boot channel over which to receive first boot code;

(b) said first switch beginning to receive said first boot code over said first boot channel, said first boot code being transmitted to said first switch under control of a boot manager;

(c) said first switch completing receipt of said first boot code at time t2, time t2 being after time t1;

(d) after time t1 and before time t2, said second switch determining a second boot channel over which to receive second boot code;

(e) said second switch beginning to receive said second boot code over said second boot channel, said second boot code being transmitted to said second switch under control of said boot manager;

(f) said second switch completing receipt of said second boot code.

15. The method as recited by claim 14 wherein said first boot channel and said second boot channel are the same boot channel.

16. The method as recited by claim 14 wherein said first boot code is transmitted to said first switch through an intermediate switch.

17. The method as recited by claim 16 wherein said first boot channel comprises a meta-boot channel coupling said first switch with said intermediate switch and a virtual path coupling said intermediate switch with said boot manager.

18. The method as recited by claim 14 wherein said first switch determines said first boot channel by said first switch:

(a) transmitting path access query messages on each of its ports;

(b) receiving, responsive to transmission of said path access query messages, responses on at least some of its ports from said boot manager;

(c) selecting one of said ports on which a response was received to utilize as said first boot channel.

19. A method of providing for booting of an ATM switch by said ATM switch obtaining boot code from a non-ATM boot server, said method comprising the steps of:

(a) said ATM switch requesting said boot code from a boot manager over a ATM communications link;

(b) said boot manager setting up a non-ATM communications link with said boot server and receiving said boot code from said boot server over said non-ATM link;

(c) said boot manager supplying said ATM switch with said boot code over said ATM communications link.

20. The method as recited by claim 19 wherein said boot code is communicated by said boot server to said boot manager over said non-ATM communications link utilizing a TFTP protocol.

21. The method as recited by claim 19 wherein said boot code is communicated by said boot manager to said ATM switch over said ATM communications link utilizing a F-TFTP protocol.